Health Workers’ Practice of Preventing Mother-to-child Transmission of HIV in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
T Ashipa ◽  
A Ofili
Keyword(s):  
Health Workers ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Benin City ◽  
Edo State ◽  
Mother To Child

scholarly journals Preventing Mother-To-Child Transmission of HIV in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria: The Health Workers’ Perspective

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Temitope Ashipa ◽  
Antoinette Ngozi Ofili
Keyword(s):  
Health Workers ◽  
The State ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Pmtct Programme ◽  
Benin City ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Edo State ◽  
Mother To Child

Introduction: Mother-to-child transmission of HIV threatens the survival of children of below five years of age. Health workers play an important role in preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the programme for preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) in Benin City, Edo State from the perspective of the health workers involved in the programme. Methodology: This was a qualitative study evaluating the PMTCT programme in Benin City from the perspective of health workers and PMTCT programme officers. Data was collected through key informant interviews held with health workers at seven health facilities providing comprehensive PMTCT services. Key informant interviews were also held with government officials supervising the PMTCT programme in the state. Results: Fifteen key informant interviews were conducted with health workers and PMTCT programme officers in the state. The key informants had been involved in the PMTCT programme for between three years and eight years. The respondents identified several benefits of the PMTCT programme during the course of the study. The benefits included reduction in stigmatisation, improved quality of life for HIV positive mothers and reduction in mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Several challenges to the implementation of the programme were identified by the respondents including inadequate manpower, stock-outs of antiretroviral medications and patients’ preference for home deliveries. Recommendations to overcome these challenges included increased programme funding, training and re-training of health workers, sustained mass media campaigns to reduce stigmatisation of persons living with HIV among others. Conclusion: The health workers were generally positive in their perception of the programme for preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Benin City, Edo State as the programme had provided numerous benefits for the patients, the community in addition to upgrading existing health facilities. Factors hindering the implementation of the programme from the health workers’ perspective were staff shortages, inadequate supply of drugs and other commodities and poor adherence by patients. Achieving the goal of reducing mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Benin City and Nigeria as a whole requires combined efforts by all stakeholders including patients, health workers, members of the community, non-governmental organisations and the various tiers of government.

Young Women’s Knowledge and Utilization of Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT) of HIV Services: Is There Any Relationship?

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-172
Author(s):  
Sadandaula R. Muheriwa ◽  
Angela Chimwaza ◽  
Alfred Maluwa ◽  
Martha Kamanga
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Hiv Education ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
Behavior Change Interventions ◽  
Mother To Child

PURPOSE:To determine knowledge and practices of young women on utilization of prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIVservices.DESIGN:A cross-section descriptive study that used quantitative and qualitative data analysis methodologies.FINDINGS:Knowledge of PMTCT of HIV among respondents was universal. All respondents (100%,N= 184) stated that utilization of PMTCT services reduces transmission of HIV from mother to child. Respondents knew that HIV transmission can be reduced with exclusive breastfeeding (93%,n= 172), abrupt weaning at 6 months (44%,n= 81), taking single-dose nevirapine (SD-NVP; 43%,n= 79), and giving NVP to the baby (65%,n= 120). Very few respondents (4%,n= 7) stated that avoiding pregnancy is one way of preventing HIV transmission and that a mother who is HIV positive who has received SD-NVP or antiretroviral (ARV) therapy can still deliver a baby who is HIV positive. Actual practice was very low; only 14% breastfed exclusively and only 3% weaned their babies abruptly. Although all the 184 mothers were given NVP to take at onset of labor, very few respondents (22%) took NVP as recommended. Although it was recommended that all babies take NVP at birth and within 72 hr of birth, only 58% of the babies received NVP as recommended and only 3% of the women avoided pregnancy.CONCLUSION:There was a big discrepancy between knowledge and practice of PMTCT services. Culture was the major barrier because traditionally, babies are expected to be breastfed and supplements are fed to babies, too. Most mothers did not adhere to the taking of NVP at onset of labor. Therefore, there is a need to mobilize communities on PMTCT of HIV. The HIV education programmes should emphasize behavior-change interventions and should focus on both men and women, their partners, and significant others. There is also need to intensify monitoring and evaluation of health workers’ activities to ensure that knowledge is put into practice.

scholarly journals Enablers, Constraints and Extent of Implementation of the Elimination of Mother-to-child Transmission of HIV Policy Guidelines in Lira district; Application of a Policy Implementation Barometer

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noel Namuhani ◽  
Hamiliton Kainga ◽  
Olufemi Obafemi ◽  
Adeyemi Adelabu ◽  
Moses Mukuru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Policy Implementation ◽  
Health Facility ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mother To Child

Abstract Background; Despite the adoption of Elimination of mother to child transmission (EMTCT) strategy in 2012, mother to child transmission of HIV remains one of the significant forms of new HIV infections among children in Uganda, accounting for 20% of new infections. However, the implementation of the EMTCT strategy in Uganda remains unclear and an under researched field. This study aimed at assessing the extent of implementation of EMTCT strategy, barriers and constraints in Lira district using the adapted Policy Implementation Barometer (PIB) approach. Methods; This was a cross sectional study that employed both quantitative and qualitative data collection methods. A Policy Implementation Barometer tool developed by a project called Supporting Policy Engagement for Evidence-based Decisions (SPEED) for Universal Health Coverage in Uganda was adopted to assess the extent of implementation of EMTCT strategy. A total of 32 interviews with health facility managers were purposively conducted from a random sample of 20 health facilities offering Antenatal clinic (ANC) services in Lira district. Quantitative data was analyzed using STATA 14. Qualitative data was analyzed using thematic content analysis approach. Results; Majority 17/32 (53.1%) of the respondents were health facility in charges, 14/32 (43.8%) were midwives and half 16/32 (50.0%) had been in service for more than five years. Half of the respondents perceived their facilities to have fully established programs for implementing EMTCT and only 2/32 (6.2%) perceived the EMTCT programs to be functioning optimally. The perceived level of EMTCT implementation was 80%. Almost all the respondents perceived the funding for EMTCT activities to be inadequate, untimely, and not sustainable. Only 4/32 (12.5%) of the respondents believed that the health workforce size was adequate to support EMTCT activities, 13/32 (40.6%) believed that health workers lacked the skills to provide EMTCT services.Conclusion/Recommendation; Overall, the perceived extent of EMTCT policy implementation was high, however slow progress was reported in some of the key policy objectives due to a number of hindrances including inadequate staff and funding. Therefore, there is a need for strategies to increase the number of health workers for EMTCT and solicit for more funding for the implementation of EMTCT strategy.

scholarly journals A Qualitative Study of Barriers to Effectiveness of Interventions to Prevent Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV in Arba Minch, Ethiopia

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adebola Adedimeji ◽  
Nareen Abboud ◽  
Behailu Merdekios ◽  
Miriam Shiferaw
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Utilization Of Services ◽  
System Factors ◽  
Mother To Child

Objectives. Despite the availability of services to prevent mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV, socio-cultural, health system and operational factors constrain many pregnant women from accessing services or returning for followup thereby increasing the risk of vertical transmission of HIV to newborns. We highlight and describe unique contextual factors contributing to low utilization of PMTCT services in Arba-Minch, Ethiopia. Methods. Qualitative research design was utilized to obtain data through focus group discussions and in-depth interviews with antenatal clinic attendees, health workers health facilities in the study area. Results. Awareness of PMTCT services and knowledge of its benefits was nearly universal, although socioeconomic, cultural and health system factors, including stigma and desire to prevent knowledge of serostatus, impede access to and utilization of services. Health system factors—lack of appropriate followup mechanisms, inadequate access to ARV drugs and poorly equipped manpower also contribute to low utilization of services. Conclusion. Reducing mother-to-child transmission of HIV in sub-Saharan Africa will be more effective when unique contextual factors are identified and addressed. Effectiveness of PMTCT interventions rests on a well functioning health system that recognize the importance of social, economic, cultural contexts that HIV positive pregnant women live in.

scholarly journals Modifiable factors within the prevention of mother-to-child transmission programme associated with failure to prevent HIV transmission in the Onandjokwe district of Namibia

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Flavia Strato Shayo ◽  
Bob Mash
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Coordination Of Care ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Pmtct Programme ◽  
Paediatric Hiv ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
Mother To Child

Background: Ending new paediatric HIV infections continues to be a global health priority. Cuba and other countries have demonstrated that elimination of mother-to-child transmission is possible through Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT) interventions. As Namibia works on improving PMTCT there is a need to identify the local modifiable factors to achieve zero new HIV infections.Aim: This study aimed to identify the modifiable factors within the PMTCT programme, which contributed to the acquisition of HIV infection among children.Setting: The study was carried out in the Onandjokwe District, Northern Namibia.Methods: A descriptive audit was undertaken of 59 medical records of mothers and their children under two years, who acquired HIV despite the PMTCT programme between 2014 and 2016.Results: The study found that overall HIV transmission was only 2%, but 80% of the paediatric HIV infections could be prevented by implementing the existing Namibian PMTCT recommendations. Overall 61% of modifiable factors were related to mothers, 30% to health workers and 10% to the health system. The top three modifiable factors were the mother defaulting on ART during pregnancy or breastfeeding, the health worker not intervening when the mother failed the first-line ART regimen, and poor coordination of care between the hospital and primary care.Conclusion: Although overall transmission is low with the PMTCT programme, the majority of remaining HIV infections among children under two years could be prevented by addressing the modifiable factors identified in this study.

scholarly journals Tantangan Pelaksanaan Program Prevention Of Mother To Child Transmission (PMTCT): Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nimas Ayu Lestari Nurjanah ◽  
Tri Yunis Miko Wahyono
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Hiv Treatment ◽  
Pmtct Program ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Mother To Child ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background: HIV / AIDS is still a global health problem which needs to be addressed including prevention of HIV / AIDS transmission from mother to child. Prevention of transmission is carried out by implementing the Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission or PMTCT program. The PMTCT program is considered successful in reducing the risk of mother-to-child transmission, but this has not been done well and thoroughly, various kinds of challenges have occurred in the implementation of the PMTCT program.Objective: To know the challenges that occur in implementing the PMTCT programMethod: This study uses a systematic review based on Preferred Reporting Items For Systematic Reviews & Meta-Analyzes (PRISMA)  to identify all the literature published using relevant keywords.Results: challenges in implementing the PMTCT program are the lack of information on HIV treatment, lack of family support, the heavy workload experienced by health workers and the limited availability of HIV testing equipment and drug stocks.Conclusion:  The success of efforts to prevent HIV / AIDS transmission from mother to child does not depend on one party only, but involves several parties, the active role of health workers in providing education and information about HIV / AIDS to mothers and their families is not enough but must be added with active roles and support from family members to HIV mothers as the primary motivator for good behavior in accordance with the guidelines for PMTCT.

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