Determining the Relationship between Transport Infrastructure and Employment: An Evidence from the Chinese Inland Provinces under the “One Belt, One Road” Initiative

2021 ◽  
pp. 45-60
Author(s):  
Jin-Hui Li ◽  
Gwang-Nam Rim ◽  
Chol-Ju An
Keyword(s):  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
One Belt One Road ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship

In and out of the shadows

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan H. Karrar
Keyword(s):  
Western China ◽  
Autonomous Region ◽  
One Belt One Road ◽  
Silk Route ◽  
Karakoram Highway ◽  
The One ◽  
Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region ◽  
Gilgit Baltistan ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter describes overland trade between Pakistan and China since 1969 until the present. Overland trade between the two countries takes place over the high-altitude Karakoram Highway, connecting Pakistan’s mountainous Gilgit-Baltistan region to the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in western China. The Karakoram Highway is popularly described as a contemporary silk road; this idea has been reinforced by the 2013 announcement of the One Belt One Road initiative, which includes the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor. In this chapter, I explore the relationship between a documented, regulated silk route trade and its shadows; shadows take the form of traditional pathways between the two countries that are no longer used, as well as the undocumented movement of licit goods and smuggling of illicit substances.

scholarly journals Regional Disparities on The New Silk Road: Some Thoughts about Regional Convergence

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
Oldřich Hájek ◽  
Jana Novosáková ◽  
Michal Lukač
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
Regional Disparities ◽  
Regional Convergence ◽  
Important Research ◽  
One Belt One Road ◽  
Spatial Hierarchy ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
East West

Abstract Regional disparities are a research and political theme that has received considerable attention. This is also because regional disparities constitute a pull factor of migration, because high regional disparities may seriously threaten territorial integrity, and because socioeconomic development potential is not fully realized in lagging regions. Not surprisingly, regional disparities are an important research and political theme for New Silk Road countries and this is also reflected in the focus of this paper. The primary aim of this paper is to characterize regional disparities in selected New Silk Road countries, namely in China, in Russia and in Visegrad Four countries, and subsequently to discuss the relationship between regional disparities and the One Belt, One Road Initiative. The results point out the presence of a pattern of regional disparities in the countries. In this regard, the importance of the East-West gradient, of spatial hierarchy, and of inherited specialization is particularly emphasized. Reflecting the pattern of regional disparities, the potential of the One Belt, One Road Initiative to stimulate development of lagging regions is indicated.

scholarly journals CHINA − KAZAKHSTAN ECONOMIC COOPERATION AND ONE BELT ONE ROAD CONSTRUCTION

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-49
Author(s):  
Gelvig Svetlana
Keyword(s):  
Road Construction ◽  
Economic Cooperation ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Strategic Partnership ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
One Belt One Road ◽  
Economic Exchanges ◽  
The One ◽  
Main Components

China and Kazakhstan are long-term partners, which economic relations have reached a new level of the strategic partnership. The “One Belt, One Road” initiative brings new opportunities and challenges for the development of bilateral economic interactions and for the entire Central Asia region. The author made an original analysis of the main components of economic cooperation between the two countries, including energy cooperation, current trade infrastructure and identifying the prospects for implementation of the “One Belt, One Road” initiative. Based on the long-term relationship, strategic partnership and trade cooperation between China and Kazakhstan, construction and combining of the Chinese “One Belt One Road” initiative and Kazakhstan “Bright Road Plan” is the new era for China-Kazakhstan economic development. According to the current research, the construction of this infrastructure will have a direct impact on flows of foreign investments, production development and transport infrastructure. In addition, the construction of the “One Belt, One Road” plan has a great importance for promoting the development of Chinese-Kazakh economic relations and solving difficulties in economic exchanges.

scholarly journals Complementarity of island cross-sea transport links: Bridges, ferries, and mobility in Zhoushan Archipelago, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Grydehøj ◽  
Huan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Research Literature ◽  
Transport Network ◽  
The Other ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Sea Transport ◽  
Local Transport ◽  
The One ◽  
Zhoushan Archipelago ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Vast Network

Islands and archipelagos are exceptionally dependent on the nature of their transport infrastructure, with cross-sea transport links being of fundamental importance for mobility. Traditionally, the island geography research literature has engaged in a binary and oppositional understanding of the relationship between fixed links such as bridges and tunnels on the one hand and waterborne transport such as ferries on the other. The present paper uses the case of Zhoushan Archipelago (Zhejiang Province, China) to challenge this perception of fixed links and waterborne transport as inherently conflictual by showing how these distinct modes of cross-sea transport have complemented one another and fundamentally altered archipelagic mobilities. We show that even transformative transport infrastructures do not necessarily simply replace existing infrastructures but may instead add to the complexity of the local transport network. In Zhoushan Archipelago, a vast network of new and future inter-island and island-mainland road and rail bridges and tunnels are altering local industry and society as well as the relationship between the archipelago and the mainland, yet ferries remain important for transport between islands and between certain islands and the mainland. We argue that it is fruitful to consider the potential complementarity of different kinds of cross-sea transport links.

scholarly journals Relationship between Transport Infrastructure and Employment

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-28
Author(s):  
Jin-Hui Li ◽  
Gwang-Nam Rim ◽  
Chol-Ju An
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
National Bureau ◽  
One Belt One Road ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Graphic Description ◽  
Relevant Factors

Purpose: This paper discusses the impact of transport infrastructure on employment in the Chinese inland provinces directly affecting by the “One Belt, One Road” initiative. Methods: The authors analyzed the impact of railways and highways- two key elements of transport infrastructure on employment in five Chinese inland provinces directly affected by the “One Belt, One Road” initiative. The data was collected from the National Bureau of Statistics of China and some databases related to “One Belt, One Road” for the period of 2008-2017. Descriptive statistics and graphic description approaches were used to analyze the data. Results: The findings show that there are unclear relationships between transport infrastructure and employment in the inland provinces under study as affected by “One Belt, One Road”.  Implications: Improvement of transport infrastructure as well as other relevant factors in creating jobs should be considered for generating employment in the provinces under study.

Misreading Egypt

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse Schotter
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Narrative Form ◽  
Experimental Film ◽  
Tower Of Babel ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
Sergei Eisenstein ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Modern Technologies

The first chapter of Hieroglyphic Modernisms exposes the complex history of Western misconceptions of Egyptian writing from antiquity to the present. Hieroglyphs bridge the gap between modern technologies and the ancient past, looking forward to the rise of new media and backward to the dispersal of languages in the mythical moment of the Tower of Babel. The contradictory ways in which hieroglyphs were interpreted in the West come to shape the differing ways that modernist writers and filmmakers understood the relationship between writing, film, and other new media. On the one hand, poets like Ezra Pound and film theorists like Vachel Lindsay and Sergei Eisenstein use the visual languages of China and of Egypt as a more primal or direct alternative to written words. But Freud, Proust, and the later Eisenstein conversely emphasize the phonetic qualities of Egyptian writing, its similarity to alphabetical scripts. The chapter concludes by arguing that even avant-garde invocations of hieroglyphics depend on narrative form through an examination of Hollis Frampton’s experimental film Zorns Lemma.

Researching (with) Major Food Retailers

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 33-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Evans
Keyword(s):  
Food Systems ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Major Food ◽  
Food Retailers ◽  
Food Retailer ◽  
The One ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Opening Up

This paper considers the relationship between social science and the food industry, and it suggests that collaboration can be intellectually productive and morally rewarding. It explores the middle ground that exists between paid consultancy models of collaboration on the one hand and a principled stance of nonengagement on the other. Drawing on recent experiences of researching with a major food retailer in the UK, I discuss the ways in which collaborating with retailers can open up opportunities for accessing data that might not otherwise be available to social scientists. Additionally, I put forward the argument that researchers with an interest in the sustainability—ecological or otherwise—of food systems, especially those of a critical persuasion, ought to be empirically engaging with food businesses. I suggest that this is important in terms of generating better understandings of the objectionable arrangements that they seek to critique, and in terms of opening up conduits through which to affect positive changes. Cutting across these points is the claim that while resistance to commercial engagement might be misguided, it is nevertheless important to acknowledge the power-geometries of collaboration and to find ways of leveling and/or leveraging them. To conclude, I suggest that universities have an important institutional role to play in defining the terms of engagement as well as maintaining the boundaries between scholarship and consultancy—a line that can otherwise become quite fuzzy when the worlds of commerce and academic research collide.

Choice Of Technique And The Volume Of Saving (A Re-Examination Of The Cobb-Douglas Model)

1968 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 606-617
Author(s):  
Mohammad Anisur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Production Function ◽  
Development Policy ◽  
Social Goals ◽  
The Other ◽  
Economic Development Policy ◽  
Labour Intensity ◽  
The One ◽  
Choice Of Technique ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this paper is to re-examine the relationship between the degree of aggregate labour-intensity and the aggregate volume of saving in an economy where a Cobb-6ouglas production function in its traditional form can be assumed to give a good approximation to reality. The relationship in ques¬tion has an obviously important bearing on economic development policy in the area of choice of labour intensity. To the extent that and in the range where an increase in labour intensity would adversely affect the volume of savings, a con¬flict arises between two important social objectives, i.e., higher rate of capital formation on the one hand and greater employment and distributive equity on the other. If relative resource endowments in the economy are such that such a "competitive" range of labour-intensity falls within the nation's attainable range of choice, development planners will have to arrive at a compromise between these two social goals.

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