Analysis of Enterprise Financial and Economic Impact Based on Background Deep Learning Model under Business Administration

Enterprise finance has become an indispensable financial channel for people to invest in their lives, and business management can provide a better economic environment for the development of enterprise finance. The structure of enterprises is gradually becoming more and more complex, and business administration shoulders considerable responsibilities and obligations in the organization and supervision of today’s social management structure. How can China play its functions under the new situation after the world economic exchanges are more frequent is an important link to promote the stable development of financial markets. In view of the problems of economic activity behavior and certainty of financial index system under the background of existing business administration, this paper puts forward the deep learning model to make risk analysis, income analysis, profit and loss analysis, and so on. The formula of deep learning model is used to calculate the data graph of financial economy, and finally, various data are compared to get the research of several business management methods on the development of enterprise financial economy. Among them, the model of current management mode belongs to two modes: e-commerce and EPR management. They not only have very unique management characteristics but also greatly promote the development of modern management, and their roles also well interpret the characteristics of modern management. The experiment also analyzes the financial data under the four algorithms for uncertainty comparison, profit and loss comparison, discreteness comparison, volatility comparison, and possibility analysis. Finally, after the source of uncertainty, the risk prediction and risk management are carried out by constructing decision trees, and these structural models are used to bring comprehensive analysis to the financial economy of enterprises and to build the impact of good trends and development prospects.

Possible Legal Cooperation for a BRICS Perspective on International and Transnational Economic Law

This research paper seeks to identify and analyze the regulations that rule the economic life of the BRICS countries in the fields of foreign investment’s law, competition law and global administrative law, and further to identify points of convergence and divergence among them in order to indicate the possibilities of legal cooperation to facilitate economic exchanges and investments flow among them. We believe that the possible bottlenecks in trade and investment can be overcome mostly by exchange of experiences, to mitigate the lack of knowledge on national laws and regulations, and by the creation of cooperative mechanisms that facilitate the economic flow among them.

Mobile Payment in China: A Study from a Sociological Perspective

This study aims to analyse and clarify why mobile payments have been adopted in China at such a rapid pace. Unlike previous studies which focused on mobile payment functionality and the micro-level reasons for adoption, this study emphasized the macro-level and meso-level reasons with an emphasis on social relationships or guanxi to explain the widespread and rapid adoption in China of mobile payment. Initially mobile payment was widely dispersed by leveraging the trust existing in strong relationship ties (e.g. mobile ‘red packets’). In the second phase of mass adoption there was a shift toward relying on economic exchanges in the context of weak urban ties. Now in the third phase mobile payment seeks to abandon social relations altogether relying on technologies for direct human-to-machine interactions. The three successive phases show how the strong interactions between financial regulatory policy and mobile payment development have affected social relationships.

Private participation in establishing a product certification body of seed and breeding stock poultry in Indonesia

The era of global trade is a political system based on international rules and agreements that encourage and stabilize economic exchanges between countries. One of the impacts is the demand for a shift in government role to the private sector. The poultry sector plays an important role in providing 65% of the need for animal protein consumption in Indonesia. A product certification body of seed and breeding stock poultry is a tool used in global trade to increase product competitiveness in the global market. By applying standards in trade, it is expected to improve the performance of producers so that they can produce quality products, fair competition in trade, and provide protection to the public and consumers. Unfortunately, the existing seed and livestock certification institutions are still fully initiated by the government. Meanwhile, private participation in establishing a seed and poultry seed product certification body through public-private partnerships (PPPs) is still far from expectations.

Towards an Economic History of the Horse in the Mediterranean Area during the Middle Ages: What Perspectives?

Studying the economic and non-economic exchanges of the horse in the Mediterranean area during the Middle Ages is a recent phenomenon in history. Indeed, while the trade and circulation of many products in the Mediterranean region, notably sugar, for example, have received substantial attention, equids have remained of surprisingly marginal interest. However, many indicators reveal their historical trading patterns as well as other reasons for the exchange of equids throughout the Mediterranean region. Economic, political, military, and diplomatic histories merge to provide precious information which helps to explain the commercialization of this emblematic animal of the Middle Ages. The aim of this paper is to establish an inventory of historical studies about the exchange of horses in the Mediterranean area, and to contextualise the horse as a real object of historical interest within the topics of exchange and movement of commodities.

Prospects and Challenges Analysis of China’s Customs Tobacco Trade Security and Facilitation System Innovation

Objectives: At present, affected by the coronavirus pandemic, the global industrial chain and logistics chain have been hit, and the international trade security and facilitation order have encountered unprecedented challenges. As a supervisory authority for the entry and exit of a country, customs plays a pivotal role in global economic exchanges. The customs management system is also considered one of the core issues affecting international trade, and the customs clearance link is the crucial link in the ongoing international trade. Customs clearance efficiency, import and export procedures, import and export time, import and export costs, and transparency of border management and other issues related to trade time and trade costs are closely related to customs. In the WTO’s trade facilitation agreement, 90 per cent of the content is directly related to customs. At the same time, certain specific powers possessed by the customs as a government department also make it shoulder the obligations of the times entrusted by the sovereign state, this includes safeguarding normal international trade and combating the smuggling of tobacco and frozen products. Achieving adequate supervision and promoting trade facilitation are the main contradictions and challenges faced by customs in various countries under economic globalization. Facing the new international environmental changes, the customs of all countries need to spare no effort to overcome barriers and join together.

The Economics of Buddhism

The economics of Buddhism brings to the fore a conundrum with which Buddhists have had to contend since the time of the Buddha: how should Buddhists engage in economic activity in order to provide for their individual lifestyles and the Buddhist monasteries that support Buddhism? The widespread image of a monk or nun sitting deep in meditation in a cave may exemplify a religion that values nonattachment to materiality and disengagement with economic action. However, when looking more closely at how Buddhist monastics maintain these austere lifestyles, one sees a complex Buddhist economic engagement throughout the history of Buddhism. The economics of Buddhism examines how Buddhists must necessarily engage in economic relations not only to support their lifestyles, but also to establish and expand Buddhist institutions across the world. A large part of Buddhist economic engagement involves an economy of merit. Buddhists have been dependent on dāna, a system of donation and sponsorship, that has aided the building and expansion of Buddhism since the time of the Buddha. This merit-based economy involves a system of exchange in which virtuous actions such as generosity are rewarded with an accumulation of merit (puñña), leading to beneficial circumstances in this life or the next life to come. Based on this system of exchange, monks and nuns receive remuneration from the lay community for their services. It is due to this merit economy that monks and nuns have been able to pursue a monastic lifestyle and monasteries have been built, some of which have become economic epicenters for the surrounding community. Historically, large monasteries across Asia have acquired large plots of land, accumulated large storehouses of grains and goods, and engaged in various other economic endeavors, such as lending money, running businesses, hiring laborers, and so forth. In order to maintain these at times very large Buddhist institutions that have supported monks and nuns, and in essence the survival of Buddhism, this system of exchange—money for merit—has been a crucial aspect of Buddhism. Since the time of the Buddha, the spread and survival of Buddhism has been reliant on economic exchanges and the economic environment of the time. This is very much the case in the early 21st century, with the spread of global capitalism affecting how Buddhist images, goods, and services have been adopted and altered in new environments. For example, with changing economic conditions and the rise of the consumer society, Buddhist monasteries have found new sources of income, such as through tourism. Global sentiments regarding Buddhism as primarily positive, furthermore, have led to the proliferation of Buddhist-inspired objects for sale in the mass consumer society. Instead of seeing Buddhist economic engagement as a paradox, or hypocrisy even, when looking closely at how Buddhism and economic relations are necessarily entwined, one sees a complex relationship that provides the basis for the survival and spread of Buddhism worldwide.

‘Conversion’ to Islam in Early Medieval Europe: Historical and Archaeological Perspectives on Arab and Northern Eurasian Interactions

In recent years, the influence of Muslims and Islam on developments in medieval Europe has captured the attention of scholars and the general public alike. Nevertheless, ‘conversion’ to Islam remains a challenging subject for historical research and demands more transdisciplinary collaborations. This article examines early medieval interactions between Muslim Arabs and Northern and Eastern Europeans as a case study for whether some individuals in Northern Eurasia ‘converted’ to Islam. More importantly, we address some key examples and lines of evidence that demonstrate why the process of ‘conversion’ to Islam is not more visible in the historical and archaeological records of Northern Eurasia. We find that, despite the well-established evidence for economic exchanges between the Islamic World and Northern Eurasia, the historical and material records are much more complex, but not entirely silent, on the issue of religious change. We also conclude that religious connectivity and exchanges, including with Islam, were common in early medieval Northern Eurasia, even if it is difficult in most cases to identify conclusive instances of ‘conversion’ to Islam.

Outlook of the Chinese and Latin American relations

In recent years, with the increasing cultural and economic exchanges between China and Latin America, more and more Chinese friends have begun to get to know Latin America, travel to Latin America and engage in Latin American studies. In terms of economy and trade, adhering to the concept of "win-win cooperation" (Danzhi, 2019), we import and export products between Latin America and China. Many fruits and coffee products from Latin America and the Caribbean can be seen in Chinese market. We also hope to import more Latin American products and conduct exhibition and promotion in China in the future.

Contradictions will compromise London’s China policy

Significance Superpower competition and new types of national security threat place increasing stress on London’s approach, which attempts to balance military and ideological competition with the pursuit of economic gains and cooperation on global challenges. Impacts The United Kingdom will make greater investments in language training and area expertise across government departments. UK freedom of navigation operations are more likely to face retaliation or friction than those of France or Germany. China will be excluded from a widening range of economic exchanges with the United Kingdom. China’s regional rivals, particularly India and Japan, will welcome greater UK economic and military engagement.