scholarly journals Effect of Bleaching on the Physico-chemical Properties of Two Selected Vegetable Oils Using Locally Sourced Materials as Adsorbent

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Jeje, O. Ayorinde ◽  
A. E. Okoronkwo ◽  
O. O. Ajayi
Keyword(s):  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Oyster Shell ◽  
Cottonseed Oil ◽  
Kernel Oil ◽  
Peroxide Values ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Iodine Values ◽  
Shell Powder ◽  
Periwinkle Shell

The quality and stability of palm kernel oil (PKO) and cottonseed oil (CTSO) as affected by bleaching using modified oyster shell powder (OSP) and periwinkle shell powder (PSP) were evaluated by analysing their physicochemical properties. The two adsorbents potential was improved on by modification using 5 M HCl and H2SO4. The determinations of the parameters were carried out by titration, while the refractive index was determined using a refractometer. The results indicate that the saponification values (SV) of PKO and CTSO increase after bleaching. However, the result further shows that the peroxide values (PV) of bleached PKO using OSP and PSP modified with 5 M HCl decreased (17.49±0.01 and 20.04±0.08 respectively) and also the iodine values decreased (3.15±0.13 and 3.41±0.02 respectively). The same decrease in PV and IV values is observed in PKO bleached using 5 M H2SO4. The values of PV for OSP and PSP are 4.99±0.005 and 12.77±0.77 respectively while the IV values for OSP and PSP are1.85±0.01 and 12.53±0.09 respectively. Also, 5 M HCl and H2SO4 modified OSP and PSP reduced the IV content in CTSO. (5 M HCl OSP and PSP are; 3.15±0.13 and 3.41±0.02 respectively while 5 M H2SO4 OSP and PSP values are; 3.33±0.04 and 3.13±0.06 respectively). The study revealed that the bleaching through the use of OSP and PSP influenced the components and properties of the PKO and CTSO, improved on their qualities and therefore, the adsorbents can serve as alternatives to the costly adsorbents available in the markets.

scholarly journals Physicochemical Properties of Alchornea cordiforlia, Cyperus esculentum and Irvingia gabonensis Seed Oils and Their Applications

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Akpe Michael Akomaye ◽  
Inezi Faith Patrick
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Plant Seeds ◽  
Kernel Oil ◽  
Light Yellow ◽  
Peroxide Values ◽  
Irvingia Gabonensis ◽  
Industrial Use ◽  
Iodine Values

The physicochemical properties of oils extracted from three locally available plant seeds in Nigeria namely: Alchomea cordiforlia, Cyperus esculentum and Irvingia gabonensis using n-Hexane were determined. The results of the analysis revealed that their % yield were 37.00, 27.50 and 33.00 for A. cordiforlia, C. esculentum and I. gabonensis respectively. Their odour was non-offensive and their colours were reddish, light yellow and milky white for A. cordifolia, C. esculentum and I. gabonensis respectively, making them bright and attractive. The specific gravity of the oils at 25oc was 0.91, 0.94 and 0.92 for A. cordiforlia, C. esculentum and I. gabonensis  respectively. Their flash points in °c were also 155, 159 and 229 respectively, indicating that I. gabonensis is the most thermally stable oil and suitable for frying. The chemical properties for A. cordiforlia, C.esculentum, and I. gabonensis respectively were as follows: Acid values in mgKOH/g were 24.67, 5.33 and 3.73. Peroxide values in mEqKg-1 were 7.26, 9.86 and 2.96. Saponification values in mgKOH/g were 162.13, 179.52 and 238.43. Iodine values in g/100g were 24.62, 11.68 and 3.38. These results indicate that the three seeds are viable sources of oil based on their % yield. They are good for both domestic and industrial use based on their acid, saponification and iodine values. Their properties in most cases compete favorably with palm kernel oil (PKO) which is currently being used for many domestic and industrial purposes in Nigeria especially for the making of paints, soap, cosmetics, lubricant, and varnishes.

scholarly journals Transesterification Reaction of Palm Kernel Oil (PKO) on a Bed of Crushed Cashew Nut Shell (CCNS)

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
U.B. Eke ◽  
S.O. Owalude ◽  
A.C. Tella ◽  
O.G. Adejoro
Keyword(s):  
Spectroscopic Data ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Base Catalysis ◽  
Transesterification Reaction ◽  
Palm Kernel Oil ◽  
Kernel Oil ◽  
Cashew Nut ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Cashew Nut Shell

Biodiesel (GA1) was produced by the transesterification reaction of palm kernel oil (PKO) and methanol catalysed by crushed cashew nut shaft. Biodiesel samples GA2 – GA4 were also produced from the palm kernel oil using conventional base catalysis by NaOH and crushed cashew nut shaft combined with NaOH. The physico-chemical properties and spectroscopic data of the four samples were found to be similar and compared favourably to those of standard biodiesel. Keywords: Transesterification, palm kernel oil, cashew nut shell, methanolysis, biodiesel.

scholarly journals The Potential of Some Non-Conventional Vegetable Oils in Biodiesel Applications

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 3919-3929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abolanle S. Adekunle ◽  
John A.O. Oyekunle ◽  
Basirat A. Tijani ◽  
WasiuO. Makinde ◽  
Olaoluwa R. Obisesan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pour Point ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Smoke Point ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Palm Kernel Oil ◽  
Kernel Oil ◽  
Biodiesel Blend ◽  
Conventional Oils

This work studied the potentials of some non-conventional oils biodiesel as an alternative to biodiesel made from a conventional seed oil (palm kernel oil), and petroleum-based diesel. The fruits of three non-conventional oilseeds, namely:PerseaAmericana (Avocado pear), Irvingiagabonenses (Dica nut) and Darcryodesedulis (Native pear)were obtained from local markets in Ile-Ife, Osun State Nigeria while petroleum-based diesel (PBD) used for comparative study was obtained commercially.The outer fleshylayers of the fruitswere separated from the seeds while both were air-dried for some days and later milled. The oils extracted from the milled samples were esterified to produce biodiesel usingmethanol in the presence of NaOH as catalyst. The biodiesels were analyzed for their fuel properties using standard methods.Results showed that the biodiesel yield ofIrvingiagabonensisoil diesel (IGOD),Darcryodesedulisoil diesel (DEOD) and Persia americanaoil diesel (PAOD) were94%, 82% and 96% respectively. These values compared favourably with that of palm kernel oil diesel (PKOD) (91%) produced under same conditions, and with the literature standard yield of 96.5% set for biodiesel. The pour pointsof PKOD, PAOD and DEOD were3, -6 and 1oC,respectively, with PAOD pour point very close to that of PBD (≥-10oC) obtained under similar experimental conditions. Except for IGOD, all the oils have pour points within the standard range of -15 to 16oC set for biodiesel suggesting the suitability of the oils for biodiesel applications.The iodine values of the biodiesel ranged between 9.64 and 16.52 meq/kg and agreed closely with 12-18 meq/kg reported in literature for PKOD. The biodiesel blend with PBD in the ratio 10:90, 20:80, 30:70 and 40:60 demonstratedimprovedphysico-chemical properties (including smoke point, flash point, cloud point, pour point, density, viscosity and acid value) that could meet the fluidity requirements for biodiesel applications.

scholarly journals Extraction, Charaterization and Preparation of Soap from Legenaria siceraria Seed Oil

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Williams Nashuka Kaigama ◽  
Abu Emmanuel Benjamin ◽  
Ibrahim Usman ◽  
Thankgod Daniel
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Foam Height ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Lagenaria Siceraria ◽  
Saponification Value ◽  
Physico Chemical

Due to the high demand for vegetable oil by soap industries, the quest for alternative raw material is on the increase. In this study, vegetable oil was extracted from the underutilise seeds of Lagenaria siceraria using n-hexane; The Physico-chemical properties of the oil were analysed: iodine value 65 Ig/100 g, acid value 2.50 mg/KOH/g, saponification value 256 mgKOH/g, pH 6.20, specific gravity 0.902, the refractive index of 1.47 and oil yield 52%. The properties of the oil were compared with oil extracted from other sources. The properties of the oil suggest it can use for both commercial and industrial purposes. The extracted oil was then used to prepared soap and its properties were compared with the properties of soaps prepared from other oils. The physicochemical parameters of the prepared soaps which include foam height, hardness, pH and cleansing power were evaluated. The soap made from Lagenaria siceraria seeds oil has foam height of 2.0 cm lower than palm kernel oil (2.1 cm) and higher than soya beans (0.55 cm). Soap made from Lagenaria siceraria seed oil has an appreciable degree of hardness and good cleansing power compared to soaps prepared from other oils. The pH of all the soaps prepared is within the standard of the regulating agency in Nigeria. From the result obtained, it shows the underutilised Lagenaria siceraria seed oil can use as an alternative raw material in the commercial production of soap.

Evaluation of anti-lice topical lotion of ozonated olive oil and comparison of its effect with permethrin shampoo

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atoosa Haghighizadeh ◽  
Seyedeh Azadeh Fallah Mortezanejad ◽  
Saba Dadpour ◽  
Omid Rajabi
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Burning Sensation ◽  
Head Lice ◽  
Sharp Decline ◽  
Peroxide Values ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Allotropic Form ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Ozonation Process

Background: Pediculosis is an infestation of lice affecting mostly children and spreads by direct contact with the hair of someone infected. Although topical application of a pediculicide such as permethrin shampoo is the most common cure for head lice, the addition of alternative treatments is necessary due to permethrin resistance and some safety concerns, including irritation, burning sensation, tingling, and breathing problems. Recent studies have indicated that ozone, which is an allotropic form of oxygen, may have anti-pediculosis effects. Objective: This study focused on the evaluation of an ozonated olive oil topical lotion for the treatment of pediculosis and the comparison of its effects with permethrin shampoo. Methods: 121 patients with proven head pediculosis were divided into two groups. They were treated with either topical ozonated olive oil lotion or permethrin shampoo for one week. Results: It was shown that the ozonation process enormously improved the physico-chemical properties of olive oil. Specifically, acid and peroxide values increased 60 fold and 200 fold, respectively, while there was a sharp decline for the iodine index (81.8±1.28 to 0 g iodine per 100 g). Additionally, all patients who received the ozonated olive oil lotion were entirely cured after one week of treatment, while those who were treated with permethrin, required to receive more. Statistical analysis of the data also proved this claim. Conclusion: The prepared lotion has shown significant effects in controlling head lice. Thus, it can be prescribed as an effective anti-pediculosis medicine which is biocompatible and has high potential.

scholarly journals Assessment of Physico-chemicaal Properties, Antifungal and Anti-sprouting Efficacy of Essential oils (Moringa oleifera and Sesame indicum Oil)

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 59-71
Author(s):  
Abel Y.K. ◽  
Olaleye O.O. ◽  
Ayanda I.S. ◽  
Olasope T.D.
Keyword(s):  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Seed Oils ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Peroxide Values ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Antifungal Potential

This study was aimed at evaluating the physico-chemical properties, antifungal and anti-sprouting efficacy of Moringa oleifera and Sesame indicum seed oil extracts. Physico-chemical parameters were determined and compared for both oils. There was significant (p < 0.05) difference observed between the refractive values (1.4570 and 1.4633), free fatty acid (FFA) (2.04 and 3.21 mg KOHg-1), acid values (6.08 and 6.43 mg KOHg-1), pH values (4.55 and 5.33), saponification values (210.75 and 215.57 mg of KOHg-1), peroxide values (5.40 and 5.80 meqO2/kg), specific gravity (0.8897 to 0.9161 g/cm3) and yield (8.25% and 32.02%) for cold press extracts of Sesame and Moringa seed oils respectively. In vitro antifungal efficacy of both oils (M. oleifera and S. indicum) against Aspergillus niger shows a range of 43.63% to 58.18% inhibition. No anti-sprouting effect was recorded across all concentrations tested for the two oils. However, the antifungal potential of both seed oil extracts (Moringa and Sesame) exhibited moderate inhibitory properties with the highest percentage inhibition at 48 hrs.

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