scholarly journals Analysis of GIS Based Morphometric Parameters and Hydrological Changes in Indrawati River Sub-Basin of Godawari Basin, Chhattisgarh, India

2020 ◽  
pp. 72-81
Author(s):  
Adikant Pradhan ◽  
T. Chandrakar ◽  
A. Kerketta ◽  
S. K. Nag ◽  
S. C. Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Thermal Emission ◽  
Quantitative Description ◽  
Eastern Ghats ◽  
Mobile Belt ◽  
Elongation Ratio ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Stream Length ◽  
Basin Surface

Basin is main carrying surface of rainwater collected from basin area and moves to main drain as river system. The basin surface characteristic governs the movement, storage and drainage in basin due to rainwater. Morphometric analysis is a quantitative description of a basin with important aspect of the basin character. Godawari basin divided into five sub-basins. Indrawati is main tributary river of Godawari originated from Mardiguda, Dandakarnya range of Kalahandi district, Odisha. The basin includes BastarCraton covering a large area (>2105 km2) in Central India, bounded by two Mesoproterozoic mobile belts, the Eastern Ghats Mobile Belt (EGMB) to the east, Satpura Mobile Belt to the northwest, and two major Palaeozoic tectonic features the Godavari Graben to the southwest and the Mahanadi Graben in the northeast. The basin has been extracted using Advanced Space borne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTERGDEM)30 m (USGS, 2012) images by giving pour points and it has been projected on WGS 1984 UTM zone 45 for the morphometric analysis was used. Morphometric analysis expresses various aspects of basin characters which are 8 stream order (u), 85636 stream number, 42259.27 Stream length (Lu) (km), 0.493 Mean Stream length (Lsm), 3.144 Bifurcation ratio (Rb), 0.002 Length of overland flow (Lg), 0.110 drainage density (Dd), 3.088 Stream frequency (Fs), 1.220 Form factor (Ff), 2.634 Circulatory ratio (Rc), 0.0040 Elongation ratio (Re), 6.348 Leminscate method (k) and 1.758Reliefratio of Indrawati basin.

Geo-informatics based Morphometric Analysis of a Reservoir Catchment in Shivalik Foothills of North-West India

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (03) ◽  
pp. 286-299
Author(s):  
Mahesh Chand Singh ◽  
Rohit Singh ◽  
Abrar Yousuf ◽  
Vishnu Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Form Factor ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Elongation Ratio ◽  
Alos Palsar ◽  
Bifurcation Ratio ◽  
Runoff Potential ◽  
Drainage Texture

The present study examined 35 morphometric parameters related to stream/drainage network, catchment geometry, and relief aspects for hydrological characterization of the Thana Dam catchment using geospatial tools and techniques. The dam catchment was delineated using the high-resolution Advanced Land Observing Satellite Phased Array type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (ALOS PALSAR) Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data in ArcGIS 10.4.1 software using the Arc Hydro tools. The catchment is comprised of 4th order stream, obtained using a stream threshold value of 100 m length. The lower values of elongation ratio (0.61), circularity ratio (0.22), and form factor (0.29) indicated higher soil erosion potential, mainly due to their inverse relationship with land erodibility. Moreover, the higher values of stream frequency (15.7), drainage density (>5.0), drainage texture (7.48 km-1), and mean bifurcation ratio (4.08-6.33) indicated higher runoff potential, which would intensify the soil erosion, mainly due to their direct relationship with erodibility. Bifurcation ratio, elongation ratio, circulatory ratio, form factor, altogether indicated an elongated shape of the catchment with a fine drainage texture. The higher values of bifurcation ratio and texture ratio of the catchment also indicated severe overland flow (low infiltration rate) with a limited scope for groundwater recharge in the area, which in turn might significantly encourage the soil erosion. Overall, it was concluded that the catchment has a huge runoff potential resulting in high soil erosion due to its fine texture, impermeable subsurface material, steep slope, low infiltration rate, limited vegetation, longer duration of overland flow, and higher surface runoff. The morphometric analysis was found to be suitable for identifying catchment shape and the factors affecting hydrologic conditions and erodibility of the catchment. Thus, Geo-informatics based morphometric analysis of a reservoir catchment can be useful to study the erosion potential in relation to hydrologic (rainfall-runoff relationship) and other related land characteristics (e.g., relief, slope, infiltration rate, etc.).

Computation of Watershed Parameters of Kansa Watershed in Satara Using Remote Sensing and GIS

Agropedology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Bowlekar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Form Factor ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Drainage Density ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Elongation Ratio ◽  
Stream Length ◽  
Order Stream

In present study Kansa watershed in Satara district of Maharashtra was characterized for watershed parameters. Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and a high-resolution Digital Elevation Model (DEM) has been utilized for the estimation of morphological parameters. Several morphometric parameters have been computed and analyzed viz. linear aspects such as stream order, stream number, stream length, mean stream length, stream length ratio; areal aspects such as drainage density, stream frequency, drainage texture, elongation ratio, circularity ratio, form factor, constant of channel maintenance; relief aspects such as relief, relief ratio, relative relief, ruggedness number, length of overland flow. Impacts of morphometric parameters on flash flood characteristics have also been investigated. The presence of the maximum number of the first order segments shows that the basin is subjected to erosion and also that some areas of the basin are characterized by variations in lithology and topography. The form factor is 0.21, and the circulatory ratio is 0.42, which suggests an elongated type of catchment. Elongation ratio is 0.52, which indicates that watershed has high relief and steep slope. The estimated catchment characteristics may be useful to stimulate hydrological responses of the catchment.

scholarly journals Morphometric Study of Dhatarwadi River Basin Using RS and GIS Techniques

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Priti S. Jayswal ◽  
Narendra Kumar Gontia ◽  
Ketan N. Sondarva
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Morphometric Study ◽  
Elongation Ratio ◽  
Drainage Pattern ◽  
Stream Length ◽  
Agricultural Engineering ◽  
Drainage Texture

Aims: Morphometric study of Dhatarwadi river basin. Place and Duration of Study: This study is a work done for the research work in Ph.D. degree at College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat, India. Methodology: Morphometric analysis involved determination of linear, aerial and relief aspects of the Dhatarwadi river basin, which was carried out using 30 X 30 m SRTM DEM in ArcGIS 10.5 software using standard formulae. Results: The obtained results revealed that the Dhatarwadi river basin is 6th order drainage basin. The total number of 1327 streams were identified out of which 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th order streams are counted as 1036, 239, 42, 7, 2 and 1 number, respectively. The mean bifurcation ratio value is 4.31 for the study area which indicates that the geological structures are not distorting the drainage pattern. Stream length ratio varies between 0.14 and 2.14 indicates late youth geomorphic stage. The length of overland flow was found as 0.3084 km which also indicates very less structural disturbance, low runoff conditions and having higher overland flow. The stream frequency of the basin is 1.5448 km-2, indicates that this basin is having high permeable geology, low relief and the almost flat topography. The form factor, elongation ratio, circularity ratio and compactness coefficient are found as 0.3951, 0.7094, 0.3126 and 1.7882, respectively of the study basin is suggests that the Dhatarwadi river basin shape is elongated. The drainage texture is 7.1426 km-1 which shows that the Dhatarwadi river basin has short duration for peak flow. The relief, relief ratio and relative ratio of the basin are found as 0.438 km, 0.009372 and 0.2352, respectively. Conclusion: All these parameters indicate that the Dhatarwadi river basin is of flat terrain with small hillocks/inselbergs having low to medium runoff potential.

scholarly journals Morphometric Analysis and Prioritization of Sub-Watersheds in Watershed of Nashik, Maharashtra of Godavari River Basin using Remote Sensing and GIS as a Tool.

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1553-1559
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Drainage Density ◽  
Stream Order ◽  
Elongation Ratio ◽  
Remotely Sensed Data ◽  
Drainage Pattern ◽  
Stream Length ◽  
Order Stream ◽  
Godavari River

Hydrological analysis and for the integrated development of the watershed, it is essential to do geomorphometric analysis. A comprehensive study of drainage pattern, topography, and most essential erosion status can be analyzed through morphometric analysis. Prioritization of sub-watersheds according to the capacity of the water table of Nashik district watershed was evaluated by linear, aerial and relief aspects. The morphometric analysis has been used for the prioritization of seven sub-watersheds of the Godavari river basin in the Nashik district, Maharashtra. Using the Digital Elevation Model, the sub-watersheds were delineated in ArcMap 10.4 and also few extraction works were done in Erdas Imagine. Drains and their corresponding characteristics including stream length, stream order, stream frequency, circulatory ratio, texture ratio, compactness coefficient, elongation ratio, form factor, drainage density, bifurcation ratio is analyzed and their value has evaluated for each sub-watershed by using the Remotely Sensed-data and geospatial techniques. Finally based on morphometric behavior the priority has been given to each sub-watershed & rank has assigned to them, the most sensitive sub-watershed is identified. The reveled analysis says stream order ranges from 1 to 6. The overall stream segments of all order are 1,115 in the watershed. On the account of morphometric analysis prioritization of watershed is done. Resulting prioritization rank assigned to each watershed based upon the evaluated compound parameter given to them. Those Sub-watersheds having least compound parameter value has assigned the highest priority. Further, sub watersheds accordingly categorized into three type i.e. high (3.4-3.8), medium (4.0-4.2) and low (4.4) priority based on their maximum priority score (4.5) and minimum score (3.4).

scholarly journals Geospatial and Artificial Neural Network Applications for Prioritization of Watershed Prediction

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 231-236
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Artificial Neural Network ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Elongation Ratio ◽  
Stream Length ◽  
Bifurcation Ratio ◽  
Natural Factors ◽  
Artificial Neural

Characteristics of the river basin formed by natural factors and non-natural factors that makes up an ecosystem. One of the characters that create the river basin of the physical element is morphometry. Morphometry has three parameters such as linear, relief, and areal. The linear aspect consist of stream order (U), stream length (Lu), bifurcation ratio (Rb ), stream length ratio (Rl ), bifurcation ratio (Rb ). Relief aspect consists of basin relief (Bh), relief ratio (Rh), ruggedness number (Rn). Areal elements comprise drainage density (Dd ), stream frequency (Fs ), texture ratio (T), form factor (Rf ), circularity ratio (Rc ), elongation ratio (Re ), length of overland flow (Lg ), constant channel maintenance (C). This study aims to analyze the characteristics of watershed morphometry and implement Geographical Information System (GIS) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to get watershed priority predictions. After analyze, the prioritization based on morphometry that is six sub-watershed with very high priority, two sub-watershed with high priority, four sub-watershed with medium priority and five sub-watershed have low priorities. From the test results by measuring method using a neural network based, it is known that neural network algorithms yield accuracy values 90.00%, and class precision 90.82 %. The model produced satisfactory results and showed a very good agreement between the predicted and observed data.

scholarly journals Tectonic control over drainage basin of South Andaman Island: study toward hydro-morphometric analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Swati Ghosh ◽  
Ashis Kr. Paul
Keyword(s):  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Quantitative Description ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Drainage Density ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Andaman Island ◽  
Stream Length ◽  
Tectonic Control ◽  
South Andaman

Abstract Scientists and researchers in ancient and modern times have profoundly applied morphometric analysis to evaluate quantitative description of landforms or drainage basins and large regions. The objective of this study is to enlighten certain features like tectonic control over drainage basin, the hydro-geomorphic characteristics of the drainage system and the geomorphic maturity of terrain of South Andaman Island. After extensive studies, drainage system in this particular island is broadly classified into five major drainage patterns (dendritic, trellis, parallel, radial and centripetal). An attempt has been made here to investigate the in-depth morphometric characteristics of dendritic pattern of a fourth-order watershed. In earlier attempts, researchers have used morphometric analysis to calculate stream ordering, stream length, length ratio and bifurcation ratio as part of linear aspects and drainage density, stream frequency, form factor, circulatory ratio, elongated ratio as part of areal aspects. The present case study has been carried out in remote sensing and geographical information system (GIS) environment. Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission data has been used to prepare the digital elevation model and GIS to evaluate all linear, areal and relief aspects of this small drainage basin in South Andaman Island which was never unearthed till date.

scholarly journals Prioritization of Flash Flood-Prone Areas in Small Coastal Basins around the Mediterranean Using Geomorphological Variables

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
V. A. Kotinas
Keyword(s):  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Flash Floods ◽  
Drainage Density ◽  
Elongation Ratio ◽  
Management Planning ◽  
Coastal Basins ◽  
Drainage Texture

The present study aims to model flash flood risk in small coastal watersheds in areas that are characterized by Mediterranean climate through extensive morphometric analysis which can prove invaluable for the investigation of flood risk, in ungauged watersheds, where flash floods are frequent. The available topographic data (EU-DEM) are analyzed through Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to produce all the secondary variables that are necessary for this morphometric analysis. Watershed prioritization techniques that are applied on geomorphological variables have proven to be an effective way of estimating the relative flash flood risk in a sub-watershed level. A series of morphometric parameters are used (bifurcation ratio, drainage frequency, drainage density, drainage texture, length of overland flow, circularity ratio, form factor, elongation ratio) which have an effect on flood risk. In small watersheds, with intermittent runoff, this effect can be different than in larger watersheds, so our methodology differs significantly from the methodology other researchers use. The compound factor is calculated by aggregating the assigned ranks of these morphometric indices and the sub-watersheds are prioritized according to their flash flood risk. The study area is located in the island of Samos, in Eastern Greece, where flood events are usual and pose a risk to villages and infrastructure around the island. The selected watershed (Imvrasos river) is divided into several sub-watersheds (W-1 to W-8) and a series of morphometric indices are calculated and evaluated through statistical procedures and by applying prioritization techniques, in order to locate the sub-basins that have the highest risk to flash floods. Sub-watersheds W-2 and W-3 (on the southern part of Imvrasos area) show the highest prioritization values, and should be prioritized for better watershed management planning.

scholarly journals Computation of Watershed Parameters of Kansa Watershed in Satara Using Remote Sensing and GIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Bowlekar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Form Factor ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Drainage Density ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Elongation Ratio ◽  
Stream Length ◽  
Order Stream

In present study Kansa watershed in Satara district of Maharashtra was characterized for watershed parameters. Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and a high-resolution Digital Elevation Model (DEM) has been utilized for the estimation of morphological parameters. Several morphometric parameters have been computed and analyzed viz. linear aspects such as stream order, stream number, stream length, mean stream length, stream length ratio; areal aspects such as drainage density, stream frequency, drainage texture, elongation ratio, circularity ratio, form factor, constant of channel maintenance; relief aspects such as relief, relief ratio, relative relief, ruggedness number, length of overland flow. Impacts of morphometric parameters on flash flood characteristics have also been investigated. The presence of the maximum number of the first order segments shows that the basin is subjected to erosion and also that some areas of the basin are characterized by variations in lithology and topography. The form factor is 0.21, and the circulatory ratio is 0.42, which suggests an elongated type of catchment. Elongation ratio is 0.52, which indicates that watershed has high relief and steep slope. The estimated catchment characteristics may be useful to stimulate hydrological responses of the catchment.

scholarly journals Morphometric Analysis and Prioritization of Microwatershed of Bisalpur Reservoir using Geospatial Techniques

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2991-2997
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Thermal Emission ◽  
Flow Direction ◽  
Stream Length ◽  
Geospatial Techniques ◽  
Sediment Yields ◽  
Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission ◽  
Elevation Model

Limited natural resources and their wide utilization with increasing population is a major concern. Conservation of natural resources is of prime importance for sustainable development and to mitigate the demand and supply gap between resources. Rivers are major source of water, Morphometric analysis of watershed covers the drainage networks and parameters such as drainage area, gradient and relief. Morphometric analysis is significant for prediction of floods, soil erosion and sediment yields. Present study covers linear aspects of Morphometric analysis in Bisalpur Reservoir by using Geospatial techniques. Watershed delineation, flow accumulation, flow direction, Flow length followed by Stream ordering have been accomplished by using Hydrology tool in ArcGIS 10.2.2 Software. Advanced space-borne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) and Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission (SRTM) Digital Elevation model (DEM) have been used for preparation of linear aspects of Morphometric parameters. Drainage characteristic have been calculated such as stream length, mean stream length and Bifurcation Ratio for basin evolution studies, such studies are extremely useful for planning rainwater harvesting and Watershed Management

scholarly journals GIS-Based Approach in Drainage Morphometric Analysis of Bharathapuzha River Basin, India

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Dhanusree ◽  
G. Bhaskaran
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Structural Control ◽  
Resource Planning ◽  
Drainage Density ◽  
Stream Order ◽  
Elongation Ratio ◽  
Stream Length ◽  
Bifurcation Ratio ◽  
Stream Frequency

Aims: The paper aims to study about the river basin morphometry namely the physical, linear and aerial parameters for the basin. Study Design: The Study has been carried out with the help of Geospatial techniques and statistical formulas. Place and Duration of Study: Bharathapuzha river basin, Kerala, India between January 2018 to July 2018. Methodology: The Study of River morphometry of Bharathapuzha River basin has been done with the help of SRTM satellite data. The downloaded data has been analyzed with the help of ARC GIS Software. The morphometric analysis has been carried out by dividing the basin into nine watersheds based on Water shed Atlas of India Prepared by Soil and Land Use board of           India. Relief, Linear and areal parameters of the basin is calculated with the help of statistical formulas. Results: Based on the analysis it is noted that there is not much difference in morphometric values except in some watersheds. Watershed number 5A2B5, 5A2B6 and 5A2B7 has highest drainage density, stream frequency, relief, relief ratio, ruggedness number, stream length ratio and lowest bifurcation ratio. These watersheds are characterized by highest surface runoff and erosion. The values of form factor, circulatory ratio and elongation ratio suggests that most of the watersheds are elongated and has high basin relief. The maximum stream order frequency is observed in case of first order streams and then for second order streams. Hence it is noted that there is decrease in stream frequency as stream order increases. Conclusion: The mean bifurcation ratio of the Bharathapuza basin is 1.52 which indicates the whole basin is less effected by structural control. This present study is valuable for the erosion control, watershed management, land and water resource planning and future prospective related to runoff study.

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