scholarly journals Computation of Watershed Parameters of Kansa Watershed in Satara Using Remote Sensing and GIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Bowlekar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Form Factor ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Drainage Density ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Elongation Ratio ◽  
Stream Length ◽  
Order Stream

In present study Kansa watershed in Satara district of Maharashtra was characterized for watershed parameters. Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and a high-resolution Digital Elevation Model (DEM) has been utilized for the estimation of morphological parameters. Several morphometric parameters have been computed and analyzed viz. linear aspects such as stream order, stream number, stream length, mean stream length, stream length ratio; areal aspects such as drainage density, stream frequency, drainage texture, elongation ratio, circularity ratio, form factor, constant of channel maintenance; relief aspects such as relief, relief ratio, relative relief, ruggedness number, length of overland flow. Impacts of morphometric parameters on flash flood characteristics have also been investigated. The presence of the maximum number of the first order segments shows that the basin is subjected to erosion and also that some areas of the basin are characterized by variations in lithology and topography. The form factor is 0.21, and the circulatory ratio is 0.42, which suggests an elongated type of catchment. Elongation ratio is 0.52, which indicates that watershed has high relief and steep slope. The estimated catchment characteristics may be useful to stimulate hydrological responses of the catchment.

Computation of Watershed Parameters of Kansa Watershed in Satara Using Remote Sensing and GIS

Agropedology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Bowlekar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Form Factor ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Drainage Density ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Elongation Ratio ◽  
Stream Length ◽  
Order Stream

In present study Kansa watershed in Satara district of Maharashtra was characterized for watershed parameters. Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and a high-resolution Digital Elevation Model (DEM) has been utilized for the estimation of morphological parameters. Several morphometric parameters have been computed and analyzed viz. linear aspects such as stream order, stream number, stream length, mean stream length, stream length ratio; areal aspects such as drainage density, stream frequency, drainage texture, elongation ratio, circularity ratio, form factor, constant of channel maintenance; relief aspects such as relief, relief ratio, relative relief, ruggedness number, length of overland flow. Impacts of morphometric parameters on flash flood characteristics have also been investigated. The presence of the maximum number of the first order segments shows that the basin is subjected to erosion and also that some areas of the basin are characterized by variations in lithology and topography. The form factor is 0.21, and the circulatory ratio is 0.42, which suggests an elongated type of catchment. Elongation ratio is 0.52, which indicates that watershed has high relief and steep slope. The estimated catchment characteristics may be useful to stimulate hydrological responses of the catchment.

scholarly journals Evaluation of morphometric characteristics of Betwa drainage basin

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 248-262
Author(s):  
Neetesh Kumar ◽  
◽  
Jagadish Singh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Data Bank ◽  
Drainage Density ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Stream Order ◽  
Stream Length ◽  
Order Stream ◽  
Run Off

The morphometric analysis of any drainage basin is considered useful for water resource studies such as flood assessment, water quality sampling, water use reporting, watershed management etc. Drainage basin is generally defined as the areal extent of land from which the surface runoff flows to a defined drain, channel, stream or river. It is mainly governed by the topography of the terrain. Geographical Information System and Image Processing Techniques can be used for the identification of morphological features and analyzing properties of the basin. The morphometric parameters include linear, areal and relief aspects. ‘Watershed Atlas of India’ (2014) on 1:50,000 scale is an important digital database for planning and monitoring of development programs on a watershed basis. It serves as a uniform baseline for developing a hydrological unit-based data bank to be used for the management of water resources in the country. Run-off, sedimentation, water balance, evapotranspiration and several other catchment characterization related studies may be taken up on a watershed basis. The present study deals with morphometric parameters such as stream order (Nu), stream length (Lu), bifurcation ratio (Rb), drainage density (D) and stream frequency (Fs) of the Betwa drainage basin. Geographically the basin (77° 30′ to 80° 12′ east longitudes and 23°30′ to 25°55′ north latitudes) is located in two states i.e. Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh occupying an area of 43780 km2. The length of the stream segment is maximum for the first-order stream and decreases as the stream order increases. This study would help in understanding the hydrological behaviour of the basin. This, in turn, may enable the local people to utilize the resources of the basin for the sustainable development of the area.

Catchment delineation and morphometric analysis using geographical information system

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (7) ◽  
pp. 1168-1175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoj Kumar ◽  
Rohitashw Kumar ◽  
P. K. Singh ◽  
Manjeet Singh ◽  
K. K. Yadav ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Geographical Information System ◽  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Drainage Density ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Vegetative Cover ◽  
Elongation Ratio ◽  
Drainage Pattern

The geographical information system (GIS) has emerged as an efficient tool in delineation of drainage patterns of watershed planning and management. The morphometric parameters of basins can address linear, areal and relief aspects. The study deals with the integrated watershed management of Baliya micro-watersheds, located in the Udaipur district of Rajasthan, India. Morphometric analysis in hydrological investigation is an important aspect and it is inevitable in the development and management of drainage basins. The determination of linear, areal and relief parameters indicate fairly good significance. The low value of the bifurcation ratio of 4.19 revealed that the drainage pattern has not been distorted by structural disturbance. The high value of the elongation ratio (0.68) compared to the circulatory ratio (0.27) indicates an elongated shape of the watershed. The high value of drainage density (5.39 km/km2) and stream frequency (12.32) shows that the region has impermeable subsoil material under poor vegetative cover with a low relief factor. The morphometric parameters of relief ratio (0.041) and relative relief (0.99%) show that the watershed can be treated using GIS techniques to determine the morphometric presence of dendritic drainage pattern, with a view to selecting the soil and water conservation measures and water harvesting.

scholarly journals Morphometric Analysis and Prioritization of Sub-Watersheds in Watershed of Nashik, Maharashtra of Godavari River Basin using Remote Sensing and GIS as a Tool.

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1553-1559
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Drainage Density ◽  
Stream Order ◽  
Elongation Ratio ◽  
Remotely Sensed Data ◽  
Drainage Pattern ◽  
Stream Length ◽  
Order Stream ◽  
Godavari River

Hydrological analysis and for the integrated development of the watershed, it is essential to do geomorphometric analysis. A comprehensive study of drainage pattern, topography, and most essential erosion status can be analyzed through morphometric analysis. Prioritization of sub-watersheds according to the capacity of the water table of Nashik district watershed was evaluated by linear, aerial and relief aspects. The morphometric analysis has been used for the prioritization of seven sub-watersheds of the Godavari river basin in the Nashik district, Maharashtra. Using the Digital Elevation Model, the sub-watersheds were delineated in ArcMap 10.4 and also few extraction works were done in Erdas Imagine. Drains and their corresponding characteristics including stream length, stream order, stream frequency, circulatory ratio, texture ratio, compactness coefficient, elongation ratio, form factor, drainage density, bifurcation ratio is analyzed and their value has evaluated for each sub-watershed by using the Remotely Sensed-data and geospatial techniques. Finally based on morphometric behavior the priority has been given to each sub-watershed & rank has assigned to them, the most sensitive sub-watershed is identified. The reveled analysis says stream order ranges from 1 to 6. The overall stream segments of all order are 1,115 in the watershed. On the account of morphometric analysis prioritization of watershed is done. Resulting prioritization rank assigned to each watershed based upon the evaluated compound parameter given to them. Those Sub-watersheds having least compound parameter value has assigned the highest priority. Further, sub watersheds accordingly categorized into three type i.e. high (3.4-3.8), medium (4.0-4.2) and low (4.4) priority based on their maximum priority score (4.5) and minimum score (3.4).

scholarly journals Geospatial and Artificial Neural Network Applications for Prioritization of Watershed Prediction

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 231-236
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Artificial Neural Network ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Elongation Ratio ◽  
Stream Length ◽  
Bifurcation Ratio ◽  
Natural Factors ◽  
Artificial Neural

Characteristics of the river basin formed by natural factors and non-natural factors that makes up an ecosystem. One of the characters that create the river basin of the physical element is morphometry. Morphometry has three parameters such as linear, relief, and areal. The linear aspect consist of stream order (U), stream length (Lu), bifurcation ratio (Rb ), stream length ratio (Rl ), bifurcation ratio (Rb ). Relief aspect consists of basin relief (Bh), relief ratio (Rh), ruggedness number (Rn). Areal elements comprise drainage density (Dd ), stream frequency (Fs ), texture ratio (T), form factor (Rf ), circularity ratio (Rc ), elongation ratio (Re ), length of overland flow (Lg ), constant channel maintenance (C). This study aims to analyze the characteristics of watershed morphometry and implement Geographical Information System (GIS) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to get watershed priority predictions. After analyze, the prioritization based on morphometry that is six sub-watershed with very high priority, two sub-watershed with high priority, four sub-watershed with medium priority and five sub-watershed have low priorities. From the test results by measuring method using a neural network based, it is known that neural network algorithms yield accuracy values 90.00%, and class precision 90.82 %. The model produced satisfactory results and showed a very good agreement between the predicted and observed data.

scholarly journals Geographical Information System Approach to Delineate the Watershed’s Morphometric Parameters for Sustainable Hydrological Modeling of Barind Region, Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 23-35
Author(s):  
Md. Ashikur Rahman ◽  
M. H. Sazzad ◽  
R. S. Rupom
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Geographical Information System ◽  
Hydrological Modeling ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Infiltration Capacity ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Basin Surface

Water is an important resource of the earth’s surface and it is integral for all on this planet. The availability or the scarcity of water depends on the watershed characterizes that consider the basic, linear, and shape parameters of any waterbody. The objective of the study was to delineate 14 morphometric parameters in the Barind region (Dinajpur district, Bangladesh) for sustainable hydrological modeling. An ASTER-DEM of 30-meter resolution data, geographical information system (GIS), and Remote sensing technique were used for extracting drainage components of interest region. The whole study region was covered by the flow of the Purnovoba river, Jamuna river, Atrai river (part-1 and part-2). Research results found that the Purnovoba river had a high bifurcation ratio (0.9982) that defined hydrologically more disturbed than the other three watershed areas and it had a high stream frequency (0.8332) that denoted rocky having low infiltration capacity. Jamuna river had a low drainage density (0.7322) that defined more vegetation having higher permeability. Besides, the Jamuna river had the lowest no. of stream order that was insignificant in the steady runoff process and less prone to cause a flash flood. The research predicted that the availability of groundwater might decrease to Jamuna river in the future as it had the lowest basin area (217.42 sqr. km ) and perimeter (114.90 km) and the basin surface slope would become gentle to Atrai river part-1 for the lowest length of overland flow (0.6072). Purnovoba river experienced the lowest form factor  (0.2351) which indicated the most possibility for erosion. The elongated ratio of all basins was greater than 0.5 which considered all the shapes were more elongated. These findings will help for further modeling of an integrated watershed for sustainable hydrological models in the Barind region.

Morphometric Analysis of a Drainage Basin: A Study of Ghatganga River, Bajhang District, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 127-144
Author(s):  
Sandeep Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Drainage Density ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Elongation Ratio ◽  
Stream Length ◽  
Bifurcation Ratio ◽  
Linear Pattern ◽  
Stream Frequency ◽  
Dominant Influence ◽  
Relief Ratio

This study attempts to study the morphometric characteristics of the Ghatganga basin by using Geographical information system (GIS). This analysis has shown that the relation of stream order (U) and stream number (Nu) which gives a negative linear pattern that order increases with a decreasing number of stream segment of a particular order. Different morphometric parameters such as stream length (Lu), bifurcation ratio (Rb), drainage density (D), stream frequency (Fs), texture ratio (T), elongation ratio (Re), circularity ratio (Rc), form factor ratio (Rf), relief ratio (Rh) and river profile have revealed the basin has a dendritic pattern of drainage, indicating high relief and steep ground slope with less elongated young and mature landforms in which geological structures don’t have a dominant influence on the basin.

scholarly journals Prioritization of Flash Flood-Prone Areas in Small Coastal Basins around the Mediterranean Using Geomorphological Variables

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
V. A. Kotinas
Keyword(s):  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Flash Floods ◽  
Drainage Density ◽  
Elongation Ratio ◽  
Management Planning ◽  
Coastal Basins ◽  
Drainage Texture

The present study aims to model flash flood risk in small coastal watersheds in areas that are characterized by Mediterranean climate through extensive morphometric analysis which can prove invaluable for the investigation of flood risk, in ungauged watersheds, where flash floods are frequent. The available topographic data (EU-DEM) are analyzed through Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to produce all the secondary variables that are necessary for this morphometric analysis. Watershed prioritization techniques that are applied on geomorphological variables have proven to be an effective way of estimating the relative flash flood risk in a sub-watershed level. A series of morphometric parameters are used (bifurcation ratio, drainage frequency, drainage density, drainage texture, length of overland flow, circularity ratio, form factor, elongation ratio) which have an effect on flood risk. In small watersheds, with intermittent runoff, this effect can be different than in larger watersheds, so our methodology differs significantly from the methodology other researchers use. The compound factor is calculated by aggregating the assigned ranks of these morphometric indices and the sub-watersheds are prioritized according to their flash flood risk. The study area is located in the island of Samos, in Eastern Greece, where flood events are usual and pose a risk to villages and infrastructure around the island. The selected watershed (Imvrasos river) is divided into several sub-watersheds (W-1 to W-8) and a series of morphometric indices are calculated and evaluated through statistical procedures and by applying prioritization techniques, in order to locate the sub-basins that have the highest risk to flash floods. Sub-watersheds W-2 and W-3 (on the southern part of Imvrasos area) show the highest prioritization values, and should be prioritized for better watershed management planning.

Geo-informatics based Morphometric Analysis of a Reservoir Catchment in Shivalik Foothills of North-West India

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (03) ◽  
pp. 286-299
Author(s):  
Mahesh Chand Singh ◽  
Rohit Singh ◽  
Abrar Yousuf ◽  
Vishnu Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Form Factor ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Elongation Ratio ◽  
Alos Palsar ◽  
Bifurcation Ratio ◽  
Runoff Potential ◽  
Drainage Texture

The present study examined 35 morphometric parameters related to stream/drainage network, catchment geometry, and relief aspects for hydrological characterization of the Thana Dam catchment using geospatial tools and techniques. The dam catchment was delineated using the high-resolution Advanced Land Observing Satellite Phased Array type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (ALOS PALSAR) Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data in ArcGIS 10.4.1 software using the Arc Hydro tools. The catchment is comprised of 4th order stream, obtained using a stream threshold value of 100 m length. The lower values of elongation ratio (0.61), circularity ratio (0.22), and form factor (0.29) indicated higher soil erosion potential, mainly due to their inverse relationship with land erodibility. Moreover, the higher values of stream frequency (15.7), drainage density (>5.0), drainage texture (7.48 km-1), and mean bifurcation ratio (4.08-6.33) indicated higher runoff potential, which would intensify the soil erosion, mainly due to their direct relationship with erodibility. Bifurcation ratio, elongation ratio, circulatory ratio, form factor, altogether indicated an elongated shape of the catchment with a fine drainage texture. The higher values of bifurcation ratio and texture ratio of the catchment also indicated severe overland flow (low infiltration rate) with a limited scope for groundwater recharge in the area, which in turn might significantly encourage the soil erosion. Overall, it was concluded that the catchment has a huge runoff potential resulting in high soil erosion due to its fine texture, impermeable subsurface material, steep slope, low infiltration rate, limited vegetation, longer duration of overland flow, and higher surface runoff. The morphometric analysis was found to be suitable for identifying catchment shape and the factors affecting hydrologic conditions and erodibility of the catchment. Thus, Geo-informatics based morphometric analysis of a reservoir catchment can be useful to study the erosion potential in relation to hydrologic (rainfall-runoff relationship) and other related land characteristics (e.g., relief, slope, infiltration rate, etc.).

scholarly journals Quantitative Geomorphological Analysis & Land Use/ Land Cover Change Detection of Two Sub-Watersheds in NE region of Punjab, India

2014 ◽  
Vol XL-8 ◽  
pp. 371-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kaur ◽  
S. Singh ◽  
V. K. Verma ◽  
B. Pateriya
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Change Detection ◽  
Land Cover Change ◽  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
Stream Length ◽  
Effective Manner

Morphometric analysis is the measurement and mathematical analysis of the landforms. The delineation of drainage system is of utmost importance in understanding hydrological system of an area, water resource management and it's planning in an effective manner. Morphometric analysis and land use change detection of two sub-watersheds namely Kukar Suha and Ratewal of district Shahid Bhagat Singh Nagar, Punjab, India was carried out for quantitative description of drainage and characterisation. The stream order, stream number, stream length, mean stream length, and other morphometric analysis like bifurcation ratio, drainage density, texture, relief ratio, ruggedness number etc. were measured. The drainage pattern of Kukar Suha and Ratewal is mainly dendritic. The agriculture and settlements came up along the drainage network causes the pattern disturbance in the watershed. The study was undertaken to spotlight the morphometric parameters, their impact on the basin and the land use land cover changes occurred over the period of time. Morphometric parameters such as linear aspect, areal aspect and relief aspect of the watershed are computed. The land use/land cover change was extracted from LISS IV Mx + Cartosat1 PAN data. ASTER data is used to prepare DEM (digital elevation model) and geographical information system (GIS) was used to evaluate various morphometric parameters in ArcGIS10 software.

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