scholarly journals Evaluation of Selective Fungicides and Biocontrol Agents for Suppression of Banded Leaf and Sheath Blight of Maize (Zea mays)

2020 ◽  
pp. 83-89
Author(s):  
Bolla Venkateswarlu ◽  
Surja Kanta Beura
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Inhibitory Action ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Sheath Blight ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Condition Field

The investigation was carried out for managing leaf and sheath blight of maize (Zea mays L.) by using different fungicides and bio control agents. The bio control agents and fungicides exhibited inhibitory action against the test pathogen under laboratory condition. Field experiment conducted during  kharif  season 2016 revealed that two sprays of  validamycin (0.2%), 30 and 40 days after sowing, gave maximum grain yield (30.0 q/ha) and 100-seed weight (208.0 g) with minimum percentage disease incidence (7%), (severity 1 on 1-5 scale), followed by difenoconazole @ 0.15% and hexaconazole (0.2%) for effective control of BSLB. Use of bio control agents Trichoderma harzianum and Pseudomonas fluorescens was found as best strategy for BSLB management.

scholarly journals Comparative evaluation of maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes based on distinctness, uniformity and stability (DUS) testing using physiological and morphological characters

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 652-657
Author(s):  
Divya Prakash Singh ◽  
Shailesh Marker
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Dus Testing ◽  
100 Seed Weight

A major challenge facing those involved in the testing of new plant varieties for Distinctness, Uniformity and Stability (DUS) is the need to compare them against all those of ‘common knowledge’. A set of maize inbred lines was used to compare how morphological and physio- logical characterization described variety relationships. An experiment was carried out to evaluate test of Distinctiveness, Uniformity and Stability using 26 physiological and 12 morphological characters. Minimum days for 50 % tasseling (50.66 and 50.66 days), minimum days for 50 % silking (53.66 and 53.66 days), minimum days for anthesis silking interval (3.0 and 2.6 days), maximum tassel branching (22.66 and 21.66), maximum cob height (89.70 and 89.16 cm) and maximum cob length (16.96 and 17.75 cm) were recorded in genotype AAIMS-1 in both experiments (2011 and 2012 respectively) and maximum cob width (12.51 and 13.11 cm) and maximum number of grain rows per cob (12.66 and 12.66) were recorded in genotype AAIMS-2 in both experiments (2011 and 2012 respectively). But maximum plant height (155.13 and 153.71cm), minimum days for maturity (86.00 and 88.00 days), maximum grain yield per plant (72.80 and 72.00 g) and maximum 100 seed weight (21.51 and 20.96 g) were recorded in genotype AAIMS-2 and AAIMS-1 respectively in both experiments conducted at experimental farm of Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology & Sciences during the year 2011 and 2012 respectively.

Induction of DIMBOA accumulation and systemic defense responses as a mechanism of enhanced resistance of mycorrhizal corn (Zea mays L.) to sheath blight

Mycorrhiza ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 721-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Yuan Song ◽  
Man Cao ◽  
Li Jun Xie ◽  
Xiao Ting Liang ◽  
Ren Sen Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Sheath Blight ◽  
Enhanced Resistance

GENE EFFECTS IN CORN (ZEA MAYS L.): III. RELATIVE STABILITY OF THE GENE EFFECTS IN DIFFERENT ENVIRONMENTS

1962 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 628-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin E. Gamble
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Relative Stability ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Minor Importance ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Population Means ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
The Cross

Six inbred lines of corn and their F1’s, F2’s, and backcrosses were tested at two locations in each of 2 years. The population means obtained were used to estimate additive, dominance, additive × additive, additive × dominance, and dominance × dominance gene effects for six quantitative attributes.Variance components of cross × environment interactions indicated the presence of major interactions of gene effects with environments. The cross × year interactions were of major importance but the cross × location interactions were of minor importance. Additive gene effects appeared to be the most constant over environments followed by additive × dominance gene effects. The remaining types of gene effects indicated very little stability over environments for most of the attributes studied. Estimates of gene effects were most constant over environments for ear diameter in corn while yield, plant height, and seed weight showed little or no stability of the estimates of the gene effects.

scholarly journals Penggunaan Desikan Abu Dan Lama Simpan Terhadap Kualitas Benih Jagung (Zea mays L.) Pada Penyimpanan Ruang Terbuka

Agrologia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. K Lesilolo ◽  
Jacob Patty ◽  
N. Tetty
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Growth Speed ◽  
Maize Seed ◽  
Seed Growth ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Result Show ◽  
Growth Vigor

This study was aimed to determine the proper dose of ash desiccant on maize seed stored for 30, 60 and 90 days. The design used was a Completely Randomized Factorial Design, with two factors and three replications.  The first factor was desiccant dose (D) : Do = 0 % (control), D1 = 5 % (12.5 g of seed weight), D2 = 10% (25 g of seed weight), D3 = 15 % (37 g of seed weight), D4 = 20 % (50 %g of seed weight), D5 = 25 % (62.5 g of seed weight).  The second factor was length of storage (S) : S1 = 30 day storage, S2 = 60 day storage and S3 = 90 day storage. The result show that use of desiccant only gave effect on the water content of seeds (12.31 %) and speed of seed growth vigor parameters (24.84 %).  Use of desiccant in 90 day storage were able to maintain water content of seeds (12.43 %), seed germination viability parameter (100 %), and vigor of seeds, which consisted of seed growth simultaneity (66.77 %) and seed growth speed (28.71 %).  The interaction between the use off ash desiccant and the length of storage had no effect on  viability and vigor of maize (Zea mays L) seeds but had an effect on their water content after storage (12.73%).

scholarly journals Effect of Seed-borne Fungi on the Germinating Seeds and their Bio-control in Maize

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Debnath ◽  
A Sultana ◽  
AQMB Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Garlic Extract ◽  
Neem Extract ◽  
Maize Cultivars ◽  
Seed Pathology ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
Germinating Seeds

An experiment was conducted in Seed Pathology Center, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to determine the efficacy of biocontrol means (BAU-Biofungicide, Garlic extract and Neem extract) in controlling seedborne fungal diseases of maize (Zea mays). In laboratory experiment, the seeds of maize cultivars cv. Badsha-1, Khai Bhutta, Bornali, Mohor, BARI Bhutta- 5 and BARI Bhutta- 6 were tested by blotter method. The identified  fungi associated with the seeds were A. niger, A. flavus, Fusarium sp., P. oxalicum, C. lunata and R. stolonifer. The seed samples were treated with BAU-Biofungicide @ 2.5% of seed weight, neem extract@ 1:2 w/v and 1:3 w/v and garlic extract @ 1:2 w/v and 1:3 w/v to control the seed-borne pathogens. The effective results were recorded as regards to the highest germination (84.5%) reflected the lowest disease incidence (4.0%) recorded in BAUBiofungicide treated seeds followed by other treatment. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v5i1.11564 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 5(1): 117 - 120, 2012

scholarly journals Seed Biopriming with Microbial Inoculant Triggers Local and Systemic Defense Responses against Rhizoctonia solani Causing Banded Leaf and Sheath Blight in Maize (Zea mays L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 1396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shailendra Singh ◽  
Udai B. Singh ◽  
Deepti Malviya ◽  
Surinder Paul ◽  
Pramod Kumar Sahu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Sheath Blight ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Culture Suspension ◽  
Maize Plants

Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain MF-30 isolated from maize rhizosphere was characterized for several plant growth stimulating attributes. The strain MF-30 was also evaluated for antifungal properties against Rhizoctonia solani causing banded leaf and sheath blight in maize (Zea mays L.) under in vitro conditions and was found to have higher mycelial growth suppression in the culture suspension (67.41%) followed by volatile organic compounds (62.66%) and crude extract (51.20%) in a dual plate assay. The endophytic and epiphytic colonization ability was tested using Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP)-tagging. Visualization through confocal scanning laser microscope clearly indicated that strain MF-30 colonizes the root and foliar parts of the plants. Further, the effects of seed bio-priming with P. aeruginosa MF-30 was evaluated in the induction and bioaccumulation of defense-related biomolecules, enzymes, natural antioxidants, and other changes in maize under pot trial. This not only provided protection from R. solani but also ensured growth promotion under pathogenic stress conditions in maize. The maximum concentration of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was reported in the root and shoot of the plants treated with R. solani alone (8.47 and 17.50 mmol mg−1 protein, respectively) compared to bioagent, P. aeruginosa MF-30 bio-primed plants (3.49 and 7.50 mmol mg−1 protein, respectively). Effects on total soluble sugar content, total protein, and total proline were also found to enhanced significantly due to inoculation of P. aeruginosa MF-30. The activities of anti-oxidative defense enzymes phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), ascorbate peroxidase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase increased significantly in the plants bio-primed with P. aeruginosa MF-30 and subsequent foliar spray of culture suspension of MF-30 compared to pathogen alone inoculated plants. qRT-PCR analysis revealed that seed bio-priming and foliar application of P. aeruginosa MF-30 significantly increased the expression of PR-1 and PR-10 genes with the simultaneous decrease in the disease severity and lesion length in the maize plants under pathogenic stress conditions. A significant enhancement of shoot and root biomass was recorded in MF-30 bio-primed plants as compared to untreated control (p < 0.05). Significant increase in plant growth and antioxidant content, as well as decreased disease severity in the P. aeruginosa MF-30 bio-primed plants, suggested the possibility of an eco-friendly and economical means of achieving antioxidants-rich, healthier maize plants.

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