scholarly journals Sanitation and Water Quality in Port Harcourt Waterfront Settlements

2020 ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
H. O. Stanley ◽  
C. J. Ugboma ◽  
M. A. S. Horsfall
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Fecal Coliform ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Temperature Conductivity ◽  
Coliform Count ◽  
Physiochemical Parameters ◽  
Port Harcourt

Sanitation and water quality are a good measure to judge the living standard and health status of a community. This study focused on the assessment of surface and ground water resources from selected waterfront areas within Port Harcourt metropolis notable for their poor sanitary conditions as receptacles for domestic wastes. Surface water (river) and ground water samples were collected from Abuloma waterfront, Marine Base and Afikpo (Diobu) and their microbiological and physiochemical parameters determined using standard laboratory methods. The microbiological parameters analyzed include total heterotrophic bacteria count (THBC), fecal coliform count, total coliform count, Salmonella count, Shigella count and Vibrio count. The physiochemical parameters monitored include pH, temperature, conductivity, salinity total dissolved solids (TDS), dissolved oxygen (DO), turbidity and biological oxygen demand (BOD). The THBC ranged from 15x101cfu/ml to 1.3x102 cfu/ml; total coliform count ranged from 0 to 17cfu/ml; all the samples had no fecal coliform; the Salmonella count ranged from 0 to 15 cfu/ml; the Shigella count ranged from 0 to 30cfu/ml and Vibrio count ranged from 0 to 15 cfu/ml. The pH values ranged from 5.9-7.6; temperature from 27.5°C to 29.6°C; salinity from 0.012 mg/l to 0.379 mg/l; conductivity from 17.8 s/cm to 19370 s/cm; TDS from 12.3 mg/l to 13610 mg/l; DO from 2.41 mg/l -3.4mg/l, turbidity from 0.24 NTU to 1.11 NTU and BOD from 16 mg/l to 120 mg/l. The results obtained showed that the water resources are not safe and pose risk to human health. These findings highlight the need to improve the sanitary condition of waterfront areas and promote water treatment to ensure the health and safety of the public.

scholarly journals Physicochemical and Microbial Groundwater Quality Assessment and Evaluation in Noakhali Region, Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Protima Sarker ◽  
Sabikun Nahar ◽  
Runa Begum ◽  
S. K. Sayed Reza ◽  
Md. Shiblur Rahaman
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Fecal Coliform ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Present Condition ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
High Positive Correlation

Groundwater is an essential and valuable natural source of drinking water. But sometime ground water contains different types of chemical or biological substance which make water unsuitable for consumption. Quality of the ground water varies in different location. The recent study emphasized on monitoring the present condition of groundwater in the coastal region of Noakhali. The study area covered 24 different locations of two large Upazila Subarnachar and Kabirhat of Noakhali District. Groundwater quality was examined by analyzing various physicochemical parameters and microbial parameters such as pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Salinity, Total Hardness, Potassium, Sulphate, Chloride ions, Total Coliform, Fecal Coliform, and Total Bacterial Viable Count. These parameters were compared with the drinking water quality standards recommended by WHO and Bangladesh local standards. From the analysis, it was observed that pH, Sulphate, Potassium were within the acceptable limit according to WHO and Bangladesh standards. But maximum tube-wells water contains huge amount of TDS (6040 mg/l), EC (1786µs/cm), Salinity (6.8%) and hardness (1050 mg/l), which is not safe for human health. From the correlation studies of the water quality parameters, relatively high positive correlation between some chemical parameters was found. And it signifies a common origin or progressive enrichment of both parameters. The analysis of biological parameters showed the presence of bacteria in many of the water samples. Maximum value of Total coliform found from the groundwater was TNTC and fecal coliform was 3×101 CFU/ml. According to WHO and Bangladesh standard the groundwater of this region is not suitable for drinking. So, some simple primary treatment is needed prior to use this water for drinking purposes and necessary steps should be taken for alternative safe source of drinking water in this region.

scholarly journals Microbiological Assessment of Elechi Creek Receiving Wastewater Effluents from Industrial Operations in Port Harcourt City

2021 ◽  
pp. 40-49
Author(s):  
D. N. Ogbonna ◽  
P. C. Meregini-Ikechukwu ◽  
L. B. Kpormon
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Coliform Count ◽  
Wastewater Effluents

Disposal of wastewater and other effluents into water bodies from activities around water bodies have for long been of major concern and challenge to the environment leading to several infectious diseases. The amount of industrial untreated solid wastes from companies, wastewater from car washing activities, open drainages and agricultural runoffs located close to Elechi creek constitutes the wastewater effluents received by the creek thus resulting in the imbalance of the ecosystem. The study was therefore aimed at determining the microbiology of water quality at different stations of the Elechi creek. Surface water, wastewater and sediment samples were collected during a seven month period and analysed using standard microbiological procedures. Results obtained revealed that the average microbial counts ranged as follows: Total Heterotrophic bacteria 1.12±0.13x108 to 1.28±0.09x108 cfu/ml, Total coliform count; 6.4±0.21 to 7.8±0.13 cfu/ml, Total Staphylococcus Count; 6.9±0.06 to 7.9±0.08 cfu/ml, Total Shigella count; 7.9±0.11 to 8.5±0.14 cfu/ml, Total Salmonella Count; 5.4±0.13 to 7.9±0.08 cfu/ml, Total Vibrio Count; 5.9±0.13 to 7.4±0.09 cfu/ml, and Total Pseudomonad Count; 2.5±0.08 to 4.8 ±0.10 cfu/ml, in surface water, Total Heterotrophic bacteria 1.02±0.08 x108 cfu/ml to 2.68±0.08 x108 cfu/ml, Total coliform count; 4.4±0.10a to 4.9±0.11a cfu/ml, Total Staphylococcus Count;4.7±0.10 to 5.9±0.12 cfu/ml, Total Shigella count; 4.0±0.08 to 4.8±0.11 cfu/ml, Total Salmonella Count; 3.2±0.16 to 4.6±0.08 cfu/ml, Total Vibrio Count; 2.0±0.15 to 4.8±0.11 cfu/ml, and Total Pseudomonad Count2.7±0.13 to 3.9±0.09cfu/ml, in wastewater and Total Heterotrophic bacteria 2.16±0.07 x109 cfu/g to 2.24±0.09 x109 cfu/g, Total coliform count; 1.01±0.13 to 1.36±0.06b cfu/g, Total Staphylococcus Count; 6.8±0.11 to 9.1±0.08 cfu/g, Total Shigella count; 4.0±0.09 to 6.5±0.06 cfu/ml, Total Salmonella Count; 4.1±0.11 to 9.7±0.12 cfu/g, Total Vibrio Count; 6.8±0.10 to 9.5±0.09 cfu/g, and Total Pseudomonad Count; 4.0±0.16 to 5.9±0.07 cfu/g, in sediment samples. Bacterial isolates belonging to the genera Bacillus, Staphylococcus, Enterococcus, Pseudomonas, Proteus, Klebsiella, Providencia, Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Shigella, Vibrio and Enterobacter were isolated and identified. The occurrences of these bacterial isolates as potential pathogens could cause poor water quality through fouling and render the water for various uses and may pose a public health threat to our water resources. Adherence to good hygienic practices and proper treatment of wastewater before discharge into the environment should be encouraged to minimize the spread of infectious diseases and fouling of water bodies. This may also affect the aquatic life in such ecosystems.

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