Callus Induction, Regeneration and Establishment of Rice Plant from Mature Embryo

Plant growth regulators were used to test callus induction and in vitro regeneration in six rice genotypes (RM-AC-2, BRRI dhan89, BRRI dhan88, Nipponbare, Koshihikari and Zenshan97). Four different concentrations (1, 2, 3 and 4 mg/L) of 2,4-D for callus induction and three different concentrations (1,2 and 3 mg/L) of NAA with three doses (5,10 and 15 µ/L) of kinetin for callus regeneration were used to test the effect of plant growth regulators. This study found a high callus induction on MS medium enriched with 2 mg/L 2, 4-D. In cases of RM-AC-2, BRRI dhan89, BRRI dhan88, Nipponbare, Koshihikari and Zenshan97, callus induction frequencies were 92.7%, 87.8%, 84.6%, 82.9%, 86.2% and 62.9%, respectively. In the regeneration, it was found that an MS medium enriched with 2 g/L Kinetin and 10 µm/L NAA has the ability to induce increased regeneration of different rice varieties (RM-AC-2 (72.4%), BRRI dhan89 (66.9%), BRRI dhan88 (62.5%), Nipponbare (63.3%), Koshihikari (48%) and Zenshan97 (39.6%). From the regenerated plants, one plant of the RM-AC-2 genotype availed to complete its life cycle and generated 32 effective tillers and yielded 89g. This rice plant is very promising for high yielding rice variety development program in Bangladesh. The improved callus development and regeneration ability of this genotype might be helpful for future rice variety development and genetic transformation program.

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Production of Isoflavonoids in Callus Cultures of Pueraria candollei var. mirifica

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C ◽

10.1515/znc-2009-3-415 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 64 (3-4) ◽

pp. 239-243 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Latiporn Udomsuk ◽

Kanokwan Jarukamjorn ◽

Hiroyuki Tanaka ◽

Waraporn Putalun

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Plant Growth Regulators ◽

Growth Regulators ◽

Callus Induction ◽

Culture Medium ◽

Callus Cultures ◽

Stem Explants ◽

Ms Medium ◽

Shoot Induction ◽

Pueraria Candollei

Pueraria candollei Wall. ex Benth. var. mirifica (Airy Shaw & Suvat.) Niyomdham was investigated for callus induction using Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing different plant growth regulators. After 8 weeks of culture, 66 - 100% of leaf or stem explants formed calli. Calli from stem explants cultured on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l thidiazuron (TDZ) gave the maximum of shoot induction (16%) and the highest level of total isoflavonoids [(50.39 ± 7.06) mg/g dry wt], which was 7-fold higher than that of the native tuber [(7.04 ± 0.29) mg/g dry wt]. These results suggest that addition of TDZ to the culture medium markedly enhances the production of isoflavonoids in calli induced from stem explants of P. candollei var. mirifica.

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Sterilization protocols and the effect of plant growth regulators on callus induction and secondary metabolites production in in vitro cultures Melia azedarach L.

AMB Express ◽

10.1186/s13568-022-01343-8 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Fatemeh Ahmadpoor ◽

Nasser Zare ◽

Rasool Asghari ◽

Parisa Sheikhzadeh

Keyword(s):

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Plant Growth ◽

Plant Growth Regulators ◽

Growth Regulators ◽

Callus Induction ◽

Callus Cultures ◽

Melia Azedarach ◽

Ms Medium ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Metabolites Production

AbstractMelia azedarach L. is a valuable source of antioxidants and secondary metabolites. This study is a first extensive report about the effect of different serialization protocols and plant growth regulators (PGRs) on explant disinfection efficiency, callus induction and secondary metabolites production and accumulation in callus cultures of M. azedarach L. In this regard, the effect of plant growth regulators on callus induction and secondary metabolites production were examined. In addition, different sterilization agents were evaluated for disinfection of chinaberry leaf explants. The results showed that the lowest percentage of explant contamination and browning with the highest percentage of callus induction and callus growth obtained with explants pretreated with benomyl (2 g/L) for 2 h and sterilized with 7% H2O2 for 10 min and NaOCl 2% (without pH adjustment) for 12 min. Although adjusting the pH of NaOCl to pH = 7 and 10 significantly reduced the microbial contamination and increased the percentage of contamination-free cultures of M. azedarach L., adversely influenced the explant viability and callus induction and growth. The highest percentage of callus induction obtained on the MS medium containing 3 mg/L NAA/2,4-D and 1 or 3 mg/L Kin/BAP, and the highest callus yield (1804.833 mg/explant) belonged to the MS medium supplemented with 5 mg/L 2,4-D and 5 mg/L Kin. The callus cultures grown on the MS medium supplemented with 3 mg/L NAA and 1 mg/L Kin produced the highest amount of Quercetin (2.06 mg/g fresh weight), Rutin (5.56 mg/g fresh weight) and Kaempferol (1.84 mg/g fresh weight).

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EFFECT OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS ON SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS OF EGGPLANT (SOLANUM MELONGENA L.)

Science and Technology Development Journal ◽

10.32508/stdj.v12i17.2369 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 12 (17) ◽

pp. 71-80

Author(s):

Nam Ngoc Trinh ◽

Sanh Du Nguyen

Keyword(s):

Somatic Embryogenesis ◽

Survival Rate ◽

Plant Growth ◽

Plant Growth Regulators ◽

Growth Regulators ◽

Callus Induction ◽

Somatic Embryos ◽

Solanum Melongena ◽

Ms Medium

On the MS medium containing only 2,4-D, callus induction was inhibited. Moreover, these calli were friable and turned brown after two weeks of culture. the three-week old calli were then transferred to the MS medium containing NAA 0.5 mg/l and kinetin 1 mg/l. The somatic embryos with globular shape appeared after 10 days of culture, while the heart shape, torpedo_shape and cotyledonary_shape embryos appeared successively after 15 days of culture. The abnormal embryos occupied at a rate of 34.3% and rarely germinated to plantlets. On the MS medium without plant growth regulators or only with NAA, somatic embryos could not be induced. On MS medium supplemented with ethephon 3 mg/l somatic embryogenesis from calli was inhibited. Plantlets derived from the eggplant somatic embryos had a survival rate up to 95% when transferred to the pots.

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Influence of growth regulators on plant regeneration in tomato

Horticultural Science ◽

10.17221/3777-hortsci ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 32 (No. 3) ◽

pp. 118-122

Author(s):

J. Gubiš ◽

Z. Lajchová ◽

L. Klčová ◽

Z. Jureková

Keyword(s):

Plant Regeneration ◽

Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽

Plant Growth ◽

Plant Growth Regulators ◽

Growth Regulators ◽

In Vitro Regeneration ◽

Ms Medium ◽

Explant Type ◽

Regeneration Capacity

We studied the effect of different plant growth regulators on in vitro regeneration and plant growth of three cultivars of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) from explants derived from hypocotyls and cotyledons of aseptically grown seedlings. The regeneration capacity was significantly influenced by cultivar and explant type. The highest number of shoots regenerated in both types of explants was recorded on MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/dm<sup>3</sup> zeatin and 0.1 mg/dm<sup>3</sup> IAA. The cultivar UC 82 showed the best regeneration capacity on all types of used media. The most responsive explants were hypocotyls with 90–92% regeneration in dependence on the used cultivars and mean production from 0.18 to 0.38 shoots per explant.  

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Optimization of selected plant growth regulators on callus induction of Oryza sativa L. var MR 219

Food Research ◽

10.26656/fr.2017.5(s4).011 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (S4) ◽

pp. 38-45

Author(s):

Siti Nur Adila H. ◽

Nor Azma Y.

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Plant Growth Regulators ◽

Growth Regulators ◽

Callus Induction ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Indica Rice ◽

Rice Variety ◽

Crop Improvement ◽

Naphthalene Acetic Acid

MR 219, an indica rice from a cross between MR 137 and MR 151 is a long-grain rice variety of high-yielding, good quality of shape and taste, short maturation as well as resistance to blast and bacterial leaf blight. However, it is regarded as a recalcitrant variety due to its low ratio of callogenesis and regeneration in in vitro culturing. This would be a hindrance to crop improvements such as genetic transformation and other crop improvement methods. The objective of this study was to optimize the concentrations and combinations of plant growth regulators (PGRs) which were 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), Kinetin (KIN) and Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) on its callus induction that ranging from 0.5 to 15.0 mg/L. The callus was induced from the mature seeds of MR 219 on the Murashige and Skoog (MS) media supplemented with 4.4 g/L of MS powder with vitamins, 30.0 g/L of sucrose and 3.5 g/L of gelrite with the addition of 2,4-D, KIN and NAA in different concentrations and combinations. All media supplemented with 2,4- D had successfully induced the callus and 2.0 mg/L of 2,4-D was the best concentration for the callus induction with a 100% success rate. The addition of 15.0 mg/L of NAA, provided less time taken for callus induction with better callus morphology which resulted in fewer browning problems.

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Alterations in Microrhizome Induction, Shoot Multiplication and Rooting of Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) var. Bentong with Regards to Sucrose and Plant Growth Regulators Application

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11020320 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 320

Author(s):

Nisar Ahmad Zahid ◽

Hawa Z.E. Jaafar ◽

Mansor Hakiman

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Plant Growth Regulators ◽

Growth Regulators ◽

Zingiber Officinale ◽

Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽

Ms Medium ◽

Zingiber Officinale Roscoe ◽

Planting Materials ◽

Disease Free

Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) var. Bentong is a monocotyledon plant that belongs to the Zingiberaceae family. Bentong ginger is the most popular cultivar of ginger in Malaysia, which is conventionally propagated by its rhizome. As its rhizomes are the economic part of the plant, the allocation of a large amount of rhizomes as planting materials increases agricultural input cost. Simultaneously, the rhizomes’ availability as planting materials is restricted due to the high demand for fresh rhizomes in the market. Moreover, ginger propagation using its rhizome is accompanied by several types of soil-borne diseases. Plant tissue culture techniques have been applied to produce disease-free planting materials of ginger to overcome these problems. Hence, the in vitro-induced microrhizomes are considered as alternative disease-free planting materials for ginger cultivation. On the other hand, Bentong ginger has not been studied for its microrhizome induction. Therefore, this study was conducted to optimize sucrose and plant growth regulators (PGRs) for its microrhizome induction. Microrhizomes were successfully induced in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with a high sucrose concentration (>45 g L−1). In addition, zeatin at 5–10 µM was found more effective for microrhizome induction than 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) at a similar concentration. The addition of 7.5 µM 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) further enhanced microrhizome formation and reduced sucrose’s required dose that needs to be supplied for efficient microrhizome formation. MS medium supplemented with 60 g L−1 sucrose, 10 µM zeatin and 7.5 µM NAA was the optimum combination for the microrhizome induction of Bentong ginger. The in vitro-induced microrhizomes sprouted indoors in moist sand and all the sprouted microrhizomes were successfully established in field conditions. In conclusion, in vitro microrhizomes can be used as disease-free planting materials for the commercial cultivation of Bentong ginger.

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