scholarly journals Imperatives for the Amendment of the Nigerian Oil Pipelines Act

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Obioma Helen Onyi-Ogelle
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring System ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Pipeline System ◽  
Gas Pipelines ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Oil Pipelines ◽  
Oil And Gas Pipelines

Pipelines have been recognized to be one of the most effective means of transportation in any oil producing state. It however has its technicalities, hence the provision of regulations and guidelines for their operation. Nigeria as an oil producing state has been operating with pipelines for many years now, but in all ramifications it has not had the best and efficient oil pipeline system. This research work was as a result of the failure of the Oil Pipelines Act and its subsidiary Regulation, Guidelines and Procedure for the Construction, Operation and Maintenance of Oil and Gas Pipelines and their Ancillary Facilities, to create for an effective pipeline operation. This research applied a doctrinal type of methodology and adopted an analytical, comparative and descriptive approach. It was found that the problem with the Nigerian Oil Pipelines Act, is that it is outdated. The Act has been in existence for more than 50 years; and because of this, it cannot meet the current needs and trends in the country. Some of the needs are: meeting up with Technological Advancements, Managerial and maintenance skills, Environmental Protection, Efficiency in transportation and Security issues. More importantly it cannot take care of the current exigenecies in the country with regard to transportation of oil. This research has offered some recommendations to improve the oil pipeline system. Some of which includes a proper creation for an effective monitoring system. This should be done by qualified personnel and also with the use of advanced technology obtainable in some countries like the US. This advanced technological monitoring system will not only report any vandalization, but will also indicate when there is need for maintenance especially pipeline corrosion. There should be more creation of oil and gas pipelines in all the cities to discourage transportation of petroleum products through tanker which over the years have been the cause of so many road accidents and fire outbreaks. There should be an improvement on the types of pipelines operated; this should include new age pipelines. These problems associated with the Oil Pipelines Act necessitated the call for its amendment.

Engineering: Economic Characteristics of Hot Crude Oil Pipelines

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongsheng Cui ◽  
Changchun Wu ◽  
Xiaokai Xing
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Economic Index ◽  
Gas Pipelines ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Oil Pipelines ◽  
Oil And Gas Pipelines

As a well-known means for pumping crude oil with high pour point, the economic effect of a hot oil pipeline to be built will depend on such factors as pipeline capacity, pipeline length, properties of the oil to be pumped, environmental conditions along the right of way, design scheme and operation scenarios. Generally speaking, engineering-economic characteristics of oil and gas pipelines are a complete set of the economic relationships relevant to engineering factors of the pipelines, each relationship involving at least an economic index or parameter. The engineering-economic characteristics of hot oil pipelines reflect basic regularities governing the general economic effect and each economic index of the pipelines, so it is helpful understanding these characteristics for the decision-making about whether and how to build a hot oil pipeline. In some cases, for a specific hot oil pipeline project, a decision or judgment on macro level may be made only from some common engineering-economic characteristics of hot oil pipelines, without the need for the engineering design and the economic analysis of the project in detail. The frame of engineering-economic characteristics of oil and gas pipelines is outlined in this paper, and some key elements are discussed on the basis of a large amount of engineering calculation and economic analysis of virtual hot oil pipeline projects, including the optimal pipe diameter and the optimal flow velocity for a given pipeline capacity, the economic capacity limits and the economic flow velocity limits for a given pipe diameter, the economically feasible maximum pipeline length for a given pipeline capacity, and the economically feasible minimum pipeline capacity for a given pipeline length. Though the basic economic data used in our research come from China, its research results and conclusions on engineering-economic characteristics of hot oil pipelines also would be helpful for hot oil pipeline projects in other countries all over the world.

Double Block and Bleed and the Effects of Its Definitions on Pipeline Safety

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Fournell
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
American Petroleum Institute ◽  
International Standards ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Pipeline System ◽  
Gas Pipelines ◽  
Double Barrier ◽  
Oil And Gas Pipelines ◽  
Pipeline Safety ◽  
Pipeline Pressure

Double Block and Bleed (DBB) is the term commonly used to describe the systems or valving arrangements that provide double barrier pressure isolation of those performing work on a pipeline system downstream of the barrier. The consequences of releasing pipeline pressure downstream to an unsuspecting maintenance crew go without stating. If the risks are so high as to demand not single, but double barrier isolation between the fury of pipeline pressure and the safety of personnel and equipment, why then has it been so difficult to develop a consensus for the definition or description of DBB systems? This paper will explore in detail the internationally published definitions for DBB and analyze their merits with respect to pipeline safety. Definitions from organizations such as the American Petroleum Institute (API), Occupational Health and Safety (OHSA), the International Standards Organization (ISO) will be reviewed to determine what they contribute or fail to contribute to the intent of worker protection. Some Provincial Governments have written specific requirements for pipeline isolation into law, while others do not address the matter. These issues will also be explored and compared to the practices of companies operating oil and gas pipelines. Some insight on the division of definitions is offered through an understanding of the purposes or needs of the definer. For example, a valve manufacturer with a need to demonstrate that his valve will indeed block flow from both directions and thereby permit maintenance of the valve without removal from the pipeline may not fully appreciate the pipeline maintenance employee’s need to isolate himself from pipeline pressure by two independent barriers. It will be shown that standards and specifications are available to support both perspectives and that there are compelling reasons for deriving commonality between these perspectives. With the development of International Standards for oil and gas pipelines and increasing emphasis on the harmonization of various national standards, matters such as operator safety must not be compromised. Interesting opportunities exist to revisit topics such as definitions for DBB and perhaps derive a set of words that allows consensus and encompasses the true intent of the concept.

scholarly journals PROBLEMS OF DETERMINATION AND CONTINUATION OF THE RESOURCE OF SECURITY OPERATION OF MAIN PIPELINES

2019 ◽  
pp. 116-121
Author(s):  
R. T. Martyniuk ◽  
M. R. Shyian
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Industry ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Steel Structures ◽  
Air Transport ◽  
Pipeline System ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Gas Pipelines ◽  
Metal Structures ◽  
Main Pipelines ◽  
Oil And Gas Pipelines

The scale of the Ukrainian pipeline system, the large variety of complex hydrogeological conditions for pipe laying, and a significant number of those that have worked, predetermine a particular attitude to the work to ensure their reliable functioning. The continuation of the resource for the safe exploitation of steel structures has now become acute in all industrialized countries. For Ukraine, the importance of their solution is due to a decrease in the volumes of production of metal structures to replace those that are being decommissioned. This primarily concerns the objects of energy, oil and gas pipelines, the chemical industry, land and air transport and construction.

scholarly journals Detection and Numerical Simulation of Potential Hazard in Oil Pipeline Areas Based on UAV Surveys

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Yan ◽  
Shuyue Ma ◽  
Shuyao Yin ◽  
Sheng Hu ◽  
Yongqing Long ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Site Investigation ◽  
Western China ◽  
Potential Hazard ◽  
Geological Hazards ◽  
Gas Pipelines ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Oil And Gas Pipelines ◽  
Multi Phase

Western China is rich in oil and gas resources, and many oil and gas pipelines are under construction or have been completed. However, many water-related natural hazards, such as landslides, collapses, rockfalls, and debris flows, have developed in the areas passed through by oil and gas pipelines and seriously threaten the operational safety of these pipelines. Therefore, it is urgent to carry out large-scale identification and assessment of pipeline geological hazards. At present, conventional on-site investigation, evaluation, monitoring, and early warning methods are difficult to apply for rapid identification and evaluation of pipeline geological hazards across large-scale areas. Based on this, this study takes the pipeline of Sinopec Marketing South China Branch in Yunnan Province as the research area. In this research, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and photogrammetry technology were used to quickly and accurately obtain multi-phase images of an oil pipeline passing through the study area, and the images were post-processed to obtain multi-phase high-resolution, high-precision digital orthophoto maps and digital terrain models (DTMs) to identify landform changes and deformation. The focus of this research is to propose a set of technical methods for UAV point cloud filtering. The DTMs obtained based on this method can effectively identify unstable areas of oil pipelines. In addition, we have carried out numerical simulations under different motion scenarios in unstable regions, providing scientific support for future geological hazard prevention and mitigation and engineering practices in oil pipeline areas.

Application of HAZOP Study in Key SOP of Oil and Gas Pipelines

2013 ◽  
Vol 827 ◽  
pp. 112-117
Author(s):  
Deng Feng Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Operating Procedure ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Pipeline System ◽  
Gas Pipelines ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Accident Rate ◽  
Oil And Gas Pipelines ◽  
Operation Procedure

For long distance oil and gas pipeline system has the characteristics of high accident rate tending to happen in personnel job activity, this paper expounds the necessity and application steps of HAZOP (Hazard and Operability Analysis) analysis for long-distance pipeline system key operation procedure (SOP). The HAZAOP analysis of deviation, causes of deviation, consequences, existing control measures and recommending measures, make the key operating procedure safer, and also contributes to the improvement of the oil and gas pipeline system safety and fitness between operating procedures and hardware facilities. The results of application examples show that HAZOP is able to identify key operating procedure loopholes, helps enterprises optimize key operating procedures, improves the hardware facilities, and has an important role to improve the security of the key operation of oil and gas pipelines.

scholarly journals Application of the LM-BP neural network approach for landslide risk assessments

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junnan Xiong ◽  
Ming Sun ◽  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Weiming Cheng ◽  
Yinghui Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Hazard Assessment ◽  
Bp Neural Network ◽  
Vulnerability Assessment ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Gas Pipelines ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Oil And Gas Pipelines

Abstract. Landslide disaster is one of the main risks involved with the operation of long-distance oil and gas pipelines. Because previously established disaster risk models are too subjective, this paper presents a quantitative model for regional risk assessment through an analysis of the laws of historical landslide disasters along oil and gas pipelines. Using the Guangyuan section of the Lanzhou–Chengdu–Chongqing (LCC) Long-Distance Products Oil Pipeline (82 km) in China as a case study, we successively carried out two independent assessments: a hazard assessment and a vulnerability assessment. We used an entropy weight method to establish a system for the vulnerability assessment, whereas a Levenberg Marquardt-Back Propagation (LM-BP) neural network model was used to conduct the hazard assessment. The risk assessment was carried out on the basis of two assessments. The first, the system of the vulnerability assessment, considered the pipeline position and the angle between the pipe and the landslide (pipeline laying environmental factors). We also used an interpolation theory to generate the standard sample matrix of the LM-BP neural network. Accordingly, a landslide hazard risk zoning map was obtained based on hazard and vulnerability assessment. The results showed that about 70 % of the slopes were in high-hazard areas with a comparatively high landslide possibility and that the southern section of the oil pipeline in the study area was in danger. These results can be used as a guide for preventing and reducing regional hazards, establishing safe routes for both existing and new pipelines and safely operating pipelines in the Guangyuan section and other segments of the LCC oil pipeline.

IDENTIFICATION, EVALUATION AND MINIMIZATION OF INDUSTRIAL RISKS RELATING TO OIL PIPELINES

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marius- Nicolae Badica ◽  
Carmen- Matilda Marinescu Badica ◽  
Silvian Suditu ◽  
Monica Emanuela Stoica
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Basic Component ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Identification Evaluation ◽  
Oil Pipelines ◽  
Oil And Gas Pipelines ◽  
Technical Status ◽  
Industrial Risks ◽  
Processing Requirement

The security of the functioning systems represents, through the four specific components (security, availability, reliability and maintenance), a basic component of the processing requirement. Monitoring of all specific intrinsic and operating parameters of oil and gas pipelines can be technically detected and diagnosed by: • existing defects. • rapid and effective intervention to eliminate the damage, if they occurred. To establish the maintenance programs that can ensure the proper functioning of the oil pipelines, it is necessary to establish their technical status. The research done helps reduce the risk of oil pipeline damage.

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