Study of Serum Adenosine Deaminase Level in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and its Correlation with Glycemic Control

Diabetes mellitus is a cluster of abnormal metabolic disorder having common features of hyperglycaemia with a state of increased free radical activity. Chronic hyperglycemic status favours auto-oxidation and the formation of advanced glycation end products. Adenosine deaminase (ADA) is considered as a good marker of cell mediated immunity. Increased ADA activity in diabetic individuals could be due to altered insulin related T-lymphocyte function. Hyperglycaemia is associated with increased level of (ADA), which is one of the factor which leads to increase oxidative stress level by generatingthe reactve oxygen species (ROS) leading to insulin resistance. In our study, ADA level was significantly high in controlled diabetes mellitus type 2 (group II with HbA1c < 7) and was much higher in uncontrolled diabetics (group III with HbA1c > 7) compared to healthy controls (group I). The present study was aimed to find the level of Serum (ADA) among the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus through a case control study and correlation of Adenosine deaminase with glycemic control (HbA1c). Comparison of the parameters fasting plasma glucose (FPG), post prandial plasma glucose (PPPG) HbA1c, and ADA between the 3 groups were done using Student t test and was statistically significant. Pearson’s coefficient correlation was done between ADA and HbA1c and a positive correlaion was seen that was also statistically significant. This indicates that ADA ses with the extent of severity of type 2 diabetes. Positive correlation of ADA with HbA1c provides the information that ADA can be considered to reflect the glycemic status of the individual.

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A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF EFFICACY AND SAFETY AMONG METFORMIN WITH SITAGLIPTIN, METFORMIN WITH VOGLIBOSE, AND METFORMIN WITH GLIMEPIRIDE IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i12.22050 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 313

Author(s):

Kala P ◽

Jamuna Rani R ◽

Kumar Js

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Plasma Glucose ◽

P Value ◽

Efficacy And Safety ◽

Group Iii ◽

Group I ◽

Group Ii

Objective: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a most common metabolic disorder. The present study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety among metformin with sitagliptin, metformin with voglibose, and metformin with glimepiride in patients with type 2 DM. Methods: This study was a prospective, randomized clinical trial study, conducted in patients attending the diabetology outpatient department of SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Center, Potheri, Kancheepuram, Tamil Nadu, from January 2013 to January 2014. The patients were randomized into three groups with 40 patients in each group. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2 hrs postprandial plasma glucose (PPG), and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level were assessed in all the patients before starting the treatment. In Group I, patients were prescribed metformin 500 mg with sitagliptin 50 mg, in Group II, patients were given metformin 500 mg with voglibose 0.2 mg, and in Group III, patients were put on metformin 500 mg with glimepiride 1 mg in the fixed combination. The outcome of the therapy was based on the level of improvement in the blood parameters. Results: There was a significant reduction of FPG level seen in all three groups (p value - Group I <0.0001, Group II < 0.005, and Group III <0.0001). Group I and III showed significant reduction of PPG with p value <0.0001. There was a significant reduction of HbA1c seen in all the three groups (p<0.0001). Conclusion: From the results of this study, it could be concluded that all the three groups were comparable in their efficacy.

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Glycemic Control And Raised Adenosine Deaminase Activity In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences ◽

10.9790/0853-1601095356 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 16 (01) ◽

pp. 53-56

Author(s):

Hariprasath. G ◽

Ananthi. N

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Glycemic Control ◽

Adenosine Deaminase ◽

Adenosine Deaminase Activity

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Raised Serum Adenosine Deaminase Level in Nonobese Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2013/404320 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Vineet Kumar Khemka ◽

Debajit Bagchi ◽

Arindam Ghosh ◽

Oishimaya Sen ◽

Aritri Bir ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Adenosine Deaminase ◽

Plasma Glucose ◽

Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Fasting Plasma

The role of inflammation being minimal in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in nonobese patients; the aim of the study was to investigate the role of adenosine deaminase (ADA) and see its association with diabetes mellitus. The preliminary case control study comprised of 56 cases and 45 healthy controls which were age and sex matched. 3 mL venous blood samples were obtained from the patients as well as controls after 8–10 hours of fasting. Serum ADA and routine biochemical parameters were analyzed. Serum ADA level was found significantly higher among nonobese T2DM subjects with respect to controls (38.77±14.29versus17.02±5.74 U/L;P<0.0001). Serum ADA level showed a significant positive correlation with fasting plasma glucose (r=0.657;P<0.0001) level among nonobese T2DM subjects, but no significant correlation was observed in controls (r=-0.203;P=0.180). However, no correlation was observed between serum ADA level compared to BMI and HbA1c levels. Our study shows higher serum ADA, triglycerides (TG) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels in nonobese T2DM patients, and a strong correlation between ADA and FPG which suggests an association between ADA and nonobese T2DM subjects.

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A global study of the unmet need for glycemic control and predictor factors among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who have achieved optimal fasting plasma glucose control on basal insulin

Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews ◽

10.1002/dmrr.2858 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. e2858 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Denis Raccah ◽

Engels Chou ◽

Stephen Colagiuri ◽

Zsolt Gaàl ◽

Fernando Lavalle ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Glycemic Control ◽

Plasma Glucose ◽

Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽

Unmet Need ◽

Global Study ◽

Predictor Factors

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Comparison of efficacy of add-on therapy of vildagliptin versus pioglitazone among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients inadequately controlled on dual therapy of metformin plus sulfonylurea

Asian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3126/ajms.v5i3.9482 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 77-81 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Kirandeep Kaur ◽

Rupinder Kaur ◽

Naveen Mittal ◽

Shalini Arora ◽

Sandeep Kaushal

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Plasma Glucose ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Dual Therapy ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Group I ◽

Hba1c Levels

Objectives: To compare the efficacy of add on therapy of Vildagliptin versus Pioglitazone among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients inadequately controlled on dual therapy of metformin and sulfonylureas. Methods: This was an open label prospective non randomized trial conducted on 50 patients attending Endocrinology Outpatient Department in a tertiary care hospital. Patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (Type 2 DM) with age between 30 to 70 years of either gender, on dual oral anti-diabetic treatment (Metformin + Sulfonylurea) for at least last 3 months; HbA1c >7% and < 11%, BMI >25 kg/m2, were included. Group I patients were started on pioglitazone (30 mg once daily) and those in group II started on vildagliptin (50 mg twice daily), in addition to their earlier treatment of metformin and sulfonylurea. Primary end point was change in HbA1c levels after 12 weeks from baseline and secondary outcomes were change from baseline in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels and percentage of patients with endpoint HbA1c < 7% at 12 weeks. Results: A significant fall in HbA1c levels was seen in both the groups after 12 weeks of treatment with metformin, sulfonylureas and pioglitazone/ vildagliptin (p<0.001), however the decrease in HbA1c levels at 12 weeks were not statistically different between the two groups (p = 0.16). Only four patients out of a total of 50, showed HbA1c <7% at 12 weeks, out of which three were from pioglitazone and one patient from vildagliptin group. The FPG and random plasma glucose levels also decreased significantly in both the groups (p < 0.001). No adverse effect was reported by the patients. Conclusion: Both vildagliptin and pioglitazone provided additional HbA1c lowering to that achieved with metformin and sulfonylurea. Vildagliptin demonstrates similar efficacy and safety to pioglitazone when added to metformin and sulfonylureas for three months. The clinical study is registered with Clinical Trials Registry of India, no. CTRI/2013/04/003582. Asian Journal of Medical Science, Volume-5(3) 2014: 77-81 http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v5i3.9482

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Efficiency of empagliflosin in combined nephroprotective therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Nephrology (Saint-Petersburg) ◽

10.36485/1561-6274-2021-25-6-56-62 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 25 (6) ◽

pp. 56-62

Author(s):

E. S. Krutikov ◽

V. A. Tsvetkov ◽

S. I. Chistyakova ◽

R. O. Akaev

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Blood Flow ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Glycemic Control ◽

Renal Blood Flow ◽

Sglt2 Inhibitor ◽

Group I

INTRODUCTION. The data obtained in clinical studies of recent years of the possible inhibitors of sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 (SGLT2) nephroprotective effect in type 2 diabetes mellitus necessitate the further study of these drug's effect on kidney injury risk factors.THE AIM: to study the effect of SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin as part of combination therapy on the main mechanisms of kidney damage in patients with type 2 diabetes.PATIENTS AND METHODS. We have completed a clinical randomized study in parallel groups in patients with type 2 diabetes of nephroprotective effects of SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin during 2 years. The study included 244 patients with type 2 diabetes with a preserved glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and moderate arterial hypertension (AH), who had previously taken perindopril and indapamide, but did not reach target blood pressure (BP) values. Patients were randomized into 2 groups: Group I (n = 120) took Perindopril 10 mg per day, Indapamide retard 1.5 mg per day, β-blocker Carvedilol 12.5-25 mg 2 times a day; Group II (n = 124) was additionally prescribed empagliflozin 25 mg per day. The study endpoints were GFR changes, albuminuria, and renal blood flow as measured by Doppler imaging. Also studied the dynamics of blood pressure and glycemic control.RESULTS. It was found that empagliflozin as part of complex therapy for type 2 diabetes is able to reduce albuminuria and prevent a decrease in GFR within a 2-year follow-up period. The use of empagliflozin promoted an increase in the rate of renal blood flow and a decrease in intrarenal vascular resistance and had a corrective effect on the daily dynamics of blood pressure and glycemic control.CONCLUSION. Empagliflozin improves intrarenal and systemic hemodynamics, prevents a decrease in GFR, reduces albuminuria, and improves glycemic control in type 2 diabetes.

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Correlation between glycemic control and dyslipidemia in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patient

International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology ◽

10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20192207 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (6) ◽

pp. 1387

Author(s):

Neha Yadav ◽

Sujata Singh ◽

Smita Gupta ◽

Saurabh Mishra ◽

Krishna Singh

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Glycemic Control ◽

Correlation Coefficient ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

Group Iii ◽

Group I ◽

Significant Difference

Background: India is one of the countries with highest number of diabetes patients. Patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus are usually dyslipidemic. The objective of the research was to study the pattern of dyslipidemia and to study the correlation of glycemic control with dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.Methods: A cross sectional observational study was performed on patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus over 6 months period. The study included 200 patients and the variables recorded were demographic profile, FBS, PPBS, HbA1C and lipid profile parameters. The patients were divided into 3 groups according to HbA1C level i.e. Group I (Good glycemic control HbA1C 6-7 gm%), group II (Fair glycemic control HbA1C 7.1-8.2 gm%) and group III (poor glycemic control, HbA1C >8.2 gm%).Results: The data showed that TG level was maximum in group III and was minimum in group I. Comparison between the group shows a significant difference between all the groups (P <0.001). A significant positive correlation (Correlation coefficient 0.67, P <0.001) was also observed between level of TG and HbA1C. Similarly, LDL level was also highest in group III with a significant difference with other two groups (P <0.05). Also, a positive correlation (Correlation coefficient 0.64, P <0.05) was observed between LDL and HbA1C. On the other hand, HDL was lowest in group III as compared to groups I and II (P <0.001) and a negative correlation (Correlation coefficient -0.716, P <0.001) was seen between HDL and HbA1C.Conclusions: Dyslipidemia is less prevalent in diabetics who have better glycemic control.

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