scholarly journals A Case Report on Reversible Toxic Optic Neuropathy on Long Term Treatment of Linezolid in Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Patient

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
Sunil Kardani ◽  
Rajesh Hadia ◽  
Ashish Shah ◽  
Ghanshyam Parmar ◽  
Rajesh Maheshwari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Neuropathy ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Tuberculosis Patient ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Toxic Optic Neuropathy ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Drug Regimens

We describe a case of Linezolid-induced severe toxic optic neuropathy in a patient with drug-resistant tuberculosis. Linezolid produced severe toxic optic neuropathy in some who used it for a long time. To the best of our knowledge, the optic neuropathy was completely reversed after omitting Linezolid which is one of the effective drug regimens in his prescription, with significant improvements in eye vision.

scholarly journals ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS AMONG DRUG-RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS TREATMENT: AN OBSERVATIONAL COHORT STUDY

2021 ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
LEYA P. BABU ◽  
NIMMY ROBIN ◽  
JOHNSON V. BABU ◽  
JOICY JOSE ◽  
SHAJI GEORGE
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Symptomatic Treatment ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Routine Monitoring ◽  
Long Term Treatment

Objective: Adverse drug reaction (ADR) is regarded as one of the major challenges in the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB). It can lead to non-compliance or interrupting treatment completion, which can contribute to avoidable morbidity, drug resistance, treatment failure, reduced quality of life, or mortality. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in the Ernakulam district of Kerala from 2016 to 2019. All DR-TB patients registered under the DR-TB center were enrolled in the study. Due to privacy and confidentiality HIV infected patients and patients below 12 y of age were excluded in this study and only the data with ADR reported by patients is collected from medical records. Results: Out of the total 146 patients, about 75 % of patients experienced at least one ADR during treatment, and a total of 208 ADRs were reported. Among all the ADRs, the most common ADR was gastritis (12.98%) followed by ototoxicity (10%) and vomiting (5.76%), etc. It was found that males (78.76%) within the age group 46-65 y exhibited more ADR than females. Some of the ADR requires drug withdrawal and replacement with other drugs and most of the patients also needed symptomatic treatment without modifying the treatment regimen. All ADR reported were collected and causality assessment was done via WHO and Naranjo scale. The majority of ADR belongs to the “probable” category in the WHO scale and Naranjo scale. The evaluation of the severity of ADR by using the Modified Hartwig and Siegel scale indicated that most of the ADR was of moderate level showing a 4b reaction. The study also assessed the preventability of ADR using the Schumock and Thornton preventability scale. Conclusion: Many of the ADRs were unidentified or not reported due to several reasons like milder ADR, patient lack of knowledge, Negligence of symptoms, unawareness of health providers, etc. Whereas the long-term treatment and diversities in age, gender, etc. were found as major contributors to ADR along with comorbidities. New drugs in combination with existing drugs created the potential for previously unnotified reactions. Pharmacovigilance should address the safety of therapy and identify ADRs, especially the serious ones with routine monitoring to prevent mortality, morbidity, and other negative outcomes.

scholarly journals Linezolid-Associated Optic Neuropathy in Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Patients in Mumbai, India

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. e0162138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salil Mehta ◽  
Mrinalini Das ◽  
Chinmay Laxmeshwar ◽  
Sylvie Jonckheere ◽  
Sein Sein Thi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Neuropathy ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis

Linezolid-Associated Optic Neuropathy in a Patient With Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 316-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinu Han ◽  
Kyungsik Lee ◽  
Soolienah Rhiu ◽  
Jong Bok Lee ◽  
Sueng Han Han
Keyword(s):  
Optic Neuropathy ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis

scholarly journals Drug-resistant tuberculosis patient care journeys in South Africa: a pilot study using routine laboratory data

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-91
Author(s):  
J. Hill ◽  
L. Dickson-Hall ◽  
A. D. Grant ◽  
C. Grundy ◽  
J. Black ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Tuberculosis Patient ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Routine Laboratory ◽  
Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis

SETTING: Thirteen districts in Eastern Cape (EC), KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) and Western Cape (WC) Provinces, South Africa.OBJECTIVE: To pilot a methodology for describing and visualising healthcare journeys among drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) patients using routine laboratory records.DESIGN: Laboratory records were obtained for 195 patients with laboratory-detected rifampicin-resistant TB (RR-TB) during July–September 2016. Health facility visits identified from these data were plotted to visualise patient healthcare journeys. Data were verified by facility visits.RESULTS: In the 9 months after the index RR-TB sample was collected, patients visited a mean of 2.3 health facilities (95% CI 2.1–2.6), with 9% visiting ≥4 facilities. The median distance travelled by patients from rural areas (116 km, interquartile range [IQR] 50–290) was greater than for urban patients (51 km, IQR 9–140). A median of 21% of patient's time was spent under the care of primary healthcare facilities: this was respectively 6%, 37% and 39% in KZN, EC and WC. Journey patterns were generally similar within districts. Some reflected a semi-centralised model of care where patients were referred to regional hospitals; other journeys showed greater involvement of primary care.CONCLUSION: Routine laboratory data can be used to explore DR-TB patient healthcare journeys and show how the use of healthcare services for DR-TB varies in different settings.

scholarly journals Anti-Mycobacterial Drug Resistance in Japan: How to Approach This Problem?

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Keisuke Kamada ◽  
Satoshi Mitarai
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Drug Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Long Term Treatment

Mycobacteriosis is mainly caused by two groups of species: Mycobacterium tuberculosis and non-tuberculosis mycobacteria (NTM). The pathogens cause not only respiratory infections, but also general diseases. The common problem in these pathogens as of today is drug resistance. Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health concern. A major challenge in the treatment of TB is anti-mycobacterial drug resistance (AMR), including multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis. Recently, the success rate of the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) has improved significantly with the introduction of new and repurposed drugs, especially in industrialized countries such as Japan. However, long-term treatment and the adverse events associated with the treatment of DR-TB are still problematic. To solve these problems, optimal treatment regimens designed/tailor-made for each patient are necessary, regardless of the location in the world. In contrast to TB, NTM infections are environmentally oriented. Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex (MAC) and Mycobacterium abscessus species (MABS) are the major causes of NTM infections in Japan. These bacteria are naturally resistant to a wide variation of antimicrobial agents. Macrolides, represented by clarithromycin (CLR) and amikacin (AMK), show relatively good correlation with treatment success. However, the efficacies of potential drugs for the treatment of macrolide-resistant MAC and MABS are currently under evaluation. Thus, it is particularly difficult to construct an effective treatment regimen for macrolide-resistant MAC and MABS. AMR in NTM infections are rather serious in Japan, even when compared with challenges associated with DR-TB. Given the AMR problems in TB and NTM, the appropriate use of drugs based on accurate drug susceptibility testing and the development of new compounds/regimens that are strongly bactericidal in a short-time course will be highly expected.

scholarly journals Ketahanan hidup 2 tahun pasien tuberkulosis resisten obat di RS. Moewardi Surakarta tahun 2010-2014

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 371
Author(s):  
Artika Fristi Firnawati ◽  
Riris Andono Ahmad ◽  
Heni Retnowulan
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Tuberculosis Patient ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Regression Test

Two year survival of drug resistant tuberculosis patients in Moewardi hospital in Surakarta in 2010-2014PurposeThe purpose of this study was to determine the two year survival rate and predictor factors of mortality in drug resistant tuberculosis patients during treatment at the Moewardi Hospital in Surakarta.MethodsThis research was a retrospective cohort study of 250 drug resistant tuberculosis patients receiving treatment in the Moewardi Hospital in January 2011-September 2014. Data were analyzed using survival analysis to find factors affecting the 2 year survival. Our variables were demographic factors, disease characteristics and treatment history. We used Cox regression test with 5% significance level.Results2-year survival rates of drug resistant patients was 74.82%. age, the type of patient, HIV status, side effects of medications and culture conversion were significant to survival rate in bivariate analysis. Cox regression test showed that aged ≥ 40 years (HR 3.221; 95% CI 1.037 to 10.001) and have HIV-positive status (HR 18.086; 95% CI 1.958 to 167.073) were related with reduction of two year survival rate in drug resistant tuberculosis patient. ConclusionAge above 40 years old and HIV positive status for drug-resistant tuberculosis patients may accelerate their death. The screening of HIV in drug resistant tuberculosis patients is needed in order to increase two year survival rate of patients during treatment.

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