scholarly journals Investigation of the Effectiveness of Cortexin in the Treatment of Cardiac Arrhythmias in Children

2021 ◽  
pp. 287-293
Author(s):  
Madina Borkhaevna Bolgucheva ◽  
Khadizhet Alikhanovna Barakhoeva ◽  
Nellya Karoevna Avakian ◽  
Iznor Musaevich Tutaev ◽  
Tatiana Sergeevna Baranova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrhythmias ◽  
Congenital Malformations ◽  
Cardiac Rhythm ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Metabolic Therapy ◽  
Child Population ◽  
Conduction Disorders ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Cardiovascular Pathologies ◽  
New Look

In this article, a new look at cardiac rhythm and conduction disorders in children is outlined. These deviations, along with congenital malformations, have taken one of the first places in the structure of cardiovascular pathologies. This is one of the most serious problems that stands at the intersection of cardiology and pediatrics. The frequency of occurrence of severe forms of arrhythmias reaches 1:5000 of the child population, and life-threatening arrhythmias – 1:7000. Treatment of cardiac arrhythmias and conduction disorders is one of the most difficult sections of clinical pediatrics. There are medicinal and non-medicinal methods. According to experimental new data, nootropics, in particular the drug Cortexin, along with cardiotrophic drugs, form the basis of neuro-metabolic therapy and correction of children's arrhythmias.

Cardiac arrhythmias

2020 ◽  
pp. 3350-3389
Author(s):  
Matthew R. Ginks ◽  
D.A. Lane ◽  
A.D. McGavigan ◽  
Gregory Y.H. Lip
Keyword(s):  
Ventricular Fibrillation ◽  
Cardiac Arrhythmia ◽  
Cardiac Arrhythmias ◽  
Cardiac Rhythm ◽  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Loop Recorder ◽  
Alternative Strategies ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Optimal Quality

The term cardiac arrhythmia (or dysrhythmia) is used to describe any abnormality of cardiac rhythm. The spectrum of cardiac arrhythmias ranges from innocent extrasystoles to immediately life-threatening conditions such as asystole or ventricular fibrillation. The key to the successful diagnosis of cardiac arrhythmias is the systematic analysis of an ECG of optimal quality obtained during the arrhythmia. Continuous monitoring is necessary for identification when arrhythmias are intermittent. Ambulatory ECG recordings are of most value when they provide correlation between the patient’s symptoms and the cardiac rhythm at that moment. Alternative strategies for the detection of infrequent arrhythmias include the use of a patient-activated recorder, which is applied and activated during symptoms, or an external or implanted loop recorder.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF MEDICAL EXAMINATIONS IN PREVENTING SUDDEN DEATH AMONG MILITARY PERSONNEL

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
Sergei V Voronin ◽  
Vadim V Tyrenko ◽  
Dmitry V Cherkashin ◽  
Sergei G Bologov
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Sudden Death ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Cardiac Arrhythmias ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Cardiac Rhythm ◽  
Medical Examination ◽  
Conduction Disorders ◽  
The Military

Objective. Stratify the risk of sudden cardiac death in the military, depending on the findings of the medical examination of cardiac rhythm and conduction disorders. Materials and methods. An analysis of medical documents of 254 servicemen, recognized by the military medical commission (therapeutic) profile of the S. M. Kirov Military Medical Academy, that are limited to fit and not fit for military service, was conducted. Based on the classification of the risk of sudden cardiac death, proposed by R. Fogoros, the stratified military personnel were assessed for the risk of sudden cardiac death, based on the cardiac arrhythmias. Results of the study. According to the results of the work, it is shown that every third serviceman, recognized by the military medical commission as being limited to fit or not fit for military service, was recognized as such because of his cardiac arrhythmias and conduction. Only 13.2% of military personnel with cardiac rhythm and conduction disorders had a structurally normal heart. 51.8% of the surveyed military personnel with cardiac arrhythmias and conduction had a low risk of sudden death, 42.2% had an average risk of sudden cardiac death, and 6% had a high risk. Conclusion. The system of medical examination of servicemen based on the results of the survey allows stratification of military personnel in the risk of sudden cardiac death and, subject to this, make a legally meaningful decision on its category of fitness for military service (4 tables, bibliography: 8 refs).

Cardiac arrhythmias

2010 ◽  
pp. 2688-2716
Author(s):  
S.M. Ginks ◽  
Gregory Y.H. Lip ◽  
D. Lane ◽  
S.M. Cobbe ◽  
A.D. McGavigan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ventricular Fibrillation ◽  
Cardiac Arrhythmia ◽  
Cardiac Arrhythmias ◽  
Cardiac Rhythm ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Life Threatening

The term cardiac arrhythmia (or dysrhythmia) is used to describe any abnormality of cardiac rhythm. The spectrum of cardiac arrhythmias ranges from innocent extrasystoles to immediately life-threatening conditions such as asystole or ventricular fibrillation. The key to the successful diagnosis of cardiac arrhythmias is the systematic analysis of an ECG (see ...

scholarly journals ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC PRESENTATION AT ICTAL AND POSTICTAL PERIODS OF EPILEPTIC SEIZURE

2018 ◽  
pp. 92-102
Author(s):  
R. A. Terian ◽  
S. E. Serdyuk ◽  
K. V. Davtyan ◽  
O. М. Drapkina
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Death ◽  
Epileptic Seizure ◽  
Cardiac Rhythm ◽  
Epileptic Seizures ◽  
Ecg Changes ◽  
Conduction Disorders ◽  
St Segment ◽  
Life Threatening

In epilepsy patients during video-electroencephalographic monitoring there are various electrocardiographic (ECG) changes during the epileptic seizure, sometimes remaining at postictal period as well. In the literature, various cardiac rhythm and conduction disorders are described, ventricular and supraventricular disorders, ST segment shifts. Some among these might be life-threatening, probably leading to unexplained sudden death in epilepsy. In the review, we focus on the most common ECG changes in patients with ongoing epileptic seizures.

Noninvasive three-dimensional electrocardiographic imaging of ventricular activation sequence

2005 ◽  
Vol 289 (6) ◽  
pp. H2724-H2732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Indiresha Ramachandra ◽  
Zhongming Liu ◽  
Basharat Muneer ◽  
Steven M. Pogwizd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Potential ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Cardiac Arrhythmias ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Electrocardiographic Imaging ◽  
Ventricular Activation ◽  
Body Surface Potential ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Activation Sequence

Imaging the myocardial activation sequence is critical for improved diagnosis and treatment of life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias. It is desirable to reveal the underlying cardiac electrical activity throughout the three-dimensional (3-D) myocardium (rather than just the endocardial or epicardial surface) from noninvasive body surface potential measurements. A new 3-D electrocardiographic imaging technique (3-DEIT) based on the boundary element method (BEM) and multiobjective nonlinear optimization has been applied to reconstruct the cardiac activation sequences from body surface potential maps. Ultrafast computerized tomography scanning was performed for subsequent construction of the torso and heart models. Experimental studies were then conducted, during left and right ventricular pacing, in which noninvasive assessment of ventricular activation sequence by means of 3-DEIT was performed simultaneously with 3-D intracardiac mapping (up to 200 intramural sites) using specially designed plunge-needle electrodes in closed-chest rabbits. Estimated activation sequences from 3-DEIT were in good agreement with those constructed from simultaneously recorded intracardiac electrograms in the same animals. Averaged over 100 paced beats (from a total of 10 pacing sites), total activation times were comparable (53.3 ± 8.1 vs. 49.8 ± 5.2 ms), the localization error of site of initiation of activation was 5.73 ± 1.77 mm, and the relative error between the estimated and measured activation sequences was 0.32 ± 0.06. The present experimental results demonstrate that the 3-D paced ventricular activation sequence can be reconstructed by using noninvasive multisite body surface electrocardiographic measurements and imaging of heart-torso geometry. This new 3-D electrocardiographic imaging modality has the potential to guide catheter-based ablative interventions for the treatment of life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias.

scholarly journals Holter Monitoring and Loop Recorders: From Research to Clinical Practice

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessio Galli ◽  
Francesco Ambrosini ◽  
Federico Lombardi ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Cardiac Arrhythmias ◽  
Cardiac Rhythm ◽  
Cryptogenic Stroke ◽  
Heart Rhythm ◽  
Holter Monitoring ◽  
Cardioverter Defibrillator ◽  
Proven Efficacy ◽  
Prolonged Monitoring ◽  
Monitoring Technologies

Holter monitors are tools of proven efficacy in diagnosing and monitoring cardiac arrhythmias. Despite the fact their use is widely prescribed by general practitioners, little is known about their evolving role in the management of patients with cryptogenic stroke, paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, unexplained recurrent syncope and risk stratification in implantable cardioverter defibrillator or pacemaker candidates. New Holter monitoring technologies and loop recorders allow prolonged monitoring of heart rhythm for periods from a few days to several months, making it possible to detect infrequent arrhythmias in patients of all ages. This review discusses the advances in this area of arrhythmology and how Holter monitors have improved the clinical management of patients with suspected cardiac rhythm diseases.

scholarly journals Dealing with Sudden Cardiac Death: Who Deserves Device Implantation

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1 (P)) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Dicky Armein Hanafy
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Cardiac Arrhythmias ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Cardiac Insufficiency ◽  
Resynchronization Therapy ◽  
Icd Implantation ◽  
Life Threatening

Sudden cardiac death is one of the leading causes of death in the western industrial nations. Most people are affected by coronary heart disease (coronary heart disease, CHD) or heart muscle (cardiomyopathy). These can lead to life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias. If the heartbeat is too slow due to impulse or conduction disturbances, cardiac pacemakers will be implanted. High-frequency and life-threatening arrhythmias of the ventricles (ventricular tachycardia, flutter or fibrillation) cannot be treated with a pacemaker. In such cases, an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) is used, which additionally also provides all functions of a pacemaker. The implantation of a defibrillator is appropriate if a high risk of malignant arrhythmias has been established (primary prevention). If these life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias have occurred before and are not caused by a treatable (reversible) cause, ICD implantation will be used for secondary prevention. The device can stop these life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias by delivering a shock or rapid impulse delivery (antitachycardic pacing) to prevent sudden cardiac death. Another area of application for ICD therapy is advanced heart failure (heart failure), in which both main chambers and / or different wall sections of the left ventricle no longer work synchronously. This form of cardiac insufficiency can be treated by electrical stimulation (cardiac resynchronization therapy, CRT). Since the affected patients are also at increased risk for sudden cardiac death, combination devices are usually implanted, which combine heart failure treatment by resynchronization therapy and the prevention of sudden cardiac death by life-threatening arrhythmia of the heart chambers (CRT-D device). An ICD is implanted subcutaneously or under the pectoral muscle in the area of the left collarbone. Like pacemaker implantation, ICD implantation is a routine, low-complication procedure today.

scholarly journals A Brief Analysis of Telemetry-Related Events

2019 ◽  
pp. 42-50
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Kukielka ◽  
Kelly Gipson ◽  
Rebecca Jones
Keyword(s):  
Patient Safety ◽  
Cardiac Rhythm ◽  
Reporting System ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Monitoring Equipment ◽  
Safety Reporting ◽  
Common Event ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Compromise Patient Safety

Successful telemetry monitoring relies on timely clinician response to potentially life-threatening cardiac rhythm abnormalities. Breakdowns in the processes and procedures associated with telemetry monitoring, as well as improperly functioning telemetry monitoring equipment, may lead to events that compromise patient safety. An analysis of reports submitted to the Pennsylvania Patient Safety Reporting System (PA-PSRS) from January 2014 through December 2018 identified 558 events specifically involving interruptions or failures associated with telemetry monitoring equipment or with the healthcare providers responsible for setting up and maintaining proper functioning of that equipment. The analysis highlighted a steady increase in the quantity of event reports associated with telemetry monitoring submitted to PA-PSRS. User errors accounted for nearly half (47.1%, 263 of 558) of events in the analysis. The most common event subtypes included: errors involving batteries in telemetry monitoring equipment (14.0%); errors in which patients were not connected to telemetry monitoring equipment as ordered (12.9%); errors involving broken, damaged, or malfunctioning telemetry monitoring equipment (10.9%); and errors in which patients were connected to the wrong telemetry monitoring equipment (9.0%).

Ultrafast four-dimensional imaging of cardiac mechanical wave propagation with sparse optoacoustic sensing

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (45) ◽  
pp. e2103979118
Author(s):  
Çağla Özsoy ◽  
Ali Özbek ◽  
Michael Reiss ◽  
Xosé Luís Deán-Ben ◽  
Daniel Razansky
Keyword(s):  
Wave Propagation ◽  
Cardiac Arrhythmias ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Cardiac Mapping ◽  
Mechanical Wave ◽  
Heart Motion ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Phase Singularities ◽  
Small Model

Propagation of electromechanical waves in excitable heart muscles follows complex spatiotemporal patterns holding the key to understanding life-threatening arrhythmias and other cardiac conditions. Accurate volumetric mapping of cardiac wave propagation is currently hampered by fast heart motion, particularly in small model organisms. Here we demonstrate that ultrafast four-dimensional imaging of cardiac mechanical wave propagation in entire beating murine heart can be accomplished by sparse optoacoustic sensing with high contrast, ∼115-µm spatial and submillisecond temporal resolution. We extract accurate dispersion and phase velocity maps of the cardiac waves and reveal vortex-like patterns associated with mechanical phase singularities that occur during arrhythmic events induced via burst ventricular electric stimulation. The newly introduced cardiac mapping approach is a bold step toward deciphering the complex mechanisms underlying cardiac arrhythmias and enabling precise therapeutic interventions.

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