scholarly journals Overview of the Role of Glucagon like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists in the Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

2021 ◽  
pp. 312-318
Author(s):  
Asma Alshenqiti ◽  
Ghaida Almohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Receptor Agonists ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder that affects premenopausal women. It is a multifactorial disease that involves hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction, insulin resistance and genetic factors. Women with PCOS present with menstrual disorder, hirsutism, and obesity. Diagnosis of PCOS involves evidence of ovulation dysfunction, hyperandrogenism, either physical or biochemical, and ultrasonographic evaluation of the ovarian morphology. There is no single treatment for PCOS but rather it is a symptom-oriented management. Glucagon-like-peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are insulin sensitizers usually involved in the management of PCOS. Aim: This article aims to review the evidence regarding the role GLP-1 RAs in the management of polycystic ovary syndrome. Conclusion: GLP-1 RAs found to improve PCOS outcomes in the form of increasing menstrual frequency, reducing androgens levels, higher pregnancy rates, weight reduction, and improving insulin resistance. Mild and transient adverse events were observed such as nausea, diarrhea, headache, insomnia and mild hypoglycemic events. However, long term studies are required to assess long term effect of GLP-1 RAs and its safety during pregnancy.

scholarly journals MANAGEMENT OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Morbidity in polycystic ovary syndrome

2017 ◽  
Vol 176 (2) ◽  
pp. R53-R65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorte Glintborg ◽  
Marianne Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Polycystic Ovaries ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Irregular Menses ◽  
Long Term Prognosis

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most prevalent endocrine condition in premenopausal women. The syndrome is characterized by hyperandrogenism, irregular menses and polycystic ovaries when other etiologies are excluded. Obesity, insulin resistance and low vitamin D levels are present in more than 50% patients with PCOS, these factors along with hyperandrogenism could have adverse effects on long-term health. Hyperinflammation and impaired epithelial function were reported to a larger extent in women with PCOS and could particularly be associated with hyperandrogenism, obesity and insulin resistance. Available data from register-based and data linkage studies support that metabolic-vascular and thyroid diseases, asthma, migraine, depression and cancer are diagnosed more frequently in PCOS, whereas fracture risk is decreased. Drug prescriptions are significantly more common in PCOS than controls within all diagnose categories including antibiotics. The causal relationship between PCOS and autoimmune disease represents an interesting new area of research. PCOS is a lifelong condition and long-term morbidity could be worsened by obesity, sedentary way of life, Western-style diet and smoking, whereas lifestyle intervention including weight loss may partly or fully resolve the symptoms of PCOS and could improve the long-term prognosis. In this review, the possible implications of increased morbidity for the clinical and biochemical evaluation of patients with PCOS at diagnosis and follow-up is further discussed along with possible modifying effects of medical treatment.

scholarly journals Obesity and Insulin Resistance Are the Main Determinants of Postprandial Lipoprotein Dysmetabolism in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tommy Kyaw Tun ◽  
Anne McGowan ◽  
Niamh Phelan ◽  
Neuman Correia ◽  
Gerard Boran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Apolipoprotein B ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Mixed Meal

Postprandial dyslipidaemia may be a plausible mechanism by which polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) increases cardiovascular risk. We sought to investigate whether the postprandial glucose and insulin and lipid and lipoprotein responses, including that of apolipoprotein B-48 (apoB-48) containing chylomicrons, to a mixed meal are different in obese PCOS women when compared to obese control subjects and whether differences, if any, are related to obesity, insulin resistance (IR), hyperandrogenaemia, or PCOS status. 26 women with PCOS (age30.4±1.2years (mean ± SEM), body mass index (BMI)36.8±1.5 kg/m2) and 26 non-PCOS subjects (age34.1±0.9years, BMI31.5±1.0 kg/m2) were studied before and up to 8 hours following a standard mixed meal. AUC-triglyceride (AUC-TG) was higher and AUC-high-density lipoprotein (AUC-HDL) lower in PCOS women. These differences were not apparent when BMI was accounted for. Insulin sensitivity (SI), AUC-apoB-48, and AUC-apolipoprotein B (AUC-apoB) were found to be independent predictors of AUC-TG, accounting for 55% of the variance. Only AUC-insulin remained significantly elevated following adjustment for BMI. Obesity related IR explains postprandial hypertriglyceridaemia and hyperinsulinaemic responses. Management of obesity in premenopausal women with PCOS is likely to reduce their cardiovascular risk burden.

scholarly journals Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Insulin Resistance, and Obesity: Navigating the Pathophysiologic Labyrinth

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joselyn Rojas ◽  
Mervin Chávez ◽  
Luis Olivar ◽  
Milagros Rojas ◽  
Jessenia Morillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Main Culprit ◽  
Exact Etiology

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a highly prevalent endocrine-metabolic disorder that implies various severe consequences to female health, including alarming rates of infertility. Although its exact etiology remains elusive, it is known to feature several hormonal disturbances, including hyperandrogenemia, insulin resistance (IR), and hyperinsulinemia. Insulin appears to disrupt all components of the hypothalamus-hypophysis-ovary axis, and ovarian tissue insulin resistance results in impaired metabolic signaling but intact mitogenic and steroidogenic activity, favoring hyperandrogenemia, which appears to be the main culprit of the clinical picture in PCOS. In turn, androgens may lead back to IR by increasing levels of free fatty acids and modifying muscle tissue composition and functionality, perpetuating this IR-hyperinsulinemia-hyperandrogenemia cycle. Nonobese women with PCOS showcase several differential features, with unique biochemical and hormonal profiles. Nevertheless, lean and obese patients have chronic inflammation mediating the long term cardiometabolic complications and comorbidities observed in women with PCOS, including dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease. Given these severe implications, it is important to thoroughly understand the pathophysiologic interconnections underlying PCOS, in order to provide superior therapeutic strategies and warrant improved quality of life to women with this syndrome.

Fasting and post-prandial glucagon like peptide 1 and oral contraception in polycystic ovary syndrome

2014 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 588-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kadriye Aydin ◽  
Gulcan Arusoglu ◽  
Gulden Koksal ◽  
Nese Cinar ◽  
Duygu Yazgan Aksoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Oral Contraception ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1

scholarly journals An adolescent with polycystic ovary syndrome

2006 ◽  
Vol 155 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S149-S152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marja Ojaniemi ◽  
Michel Pugeat
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Polycystic Ovaries ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Menstrual Irregularities ◽  
Term Basis

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common clinical condition that manifests during adolescence with menstrual irregularities, acne, and hirsutism. As these symptoms are frequently observed in healthy teenagers, it can be difficult to recognize PCOS. Establishment of hyperandrogenism, polycystic ovaries, and identifying a metabolic disorder are required for the management of PCOS in a teenager. The underlying defects in PCOS are still unclear; however, insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome are common in both obese and non-obese PCOS patients, so that the evaluation of glucose tolerance is recommended. More than 50% of PCOS patients are overweight or obese, and will benefit from an increase in physical activity and weight loss. Metformin is a treatment option that requires further investigation before being recommended on a long-term basis.

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