scholarly journals Prevalence of Bacterial Leaf Spot of Bottle Gourd and Pumpkin in Subtropical Zone of Himachal Pradesh

2020 ◽  
pp. 10-19
Author(s):  
Kumud Jarial ◽  
Sujata Kumari ◽  
R. S. Jarial ◽  
Savita Jandaik ◽  
Deepa Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Himachal Pradesh ◽  
Bottle Gourd ◽  
Fruit Rot ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Spot ◽  
Tropical Zone ◽  
Subtropical Zone ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
Esculin Hydrolysis

To assess the prevalence and severity of bacterial leaf spot on bottle gourd and pumpkin, a survey was conducted in Hamirpur, Una and Bilaspur districts of sub tropical zone of Himachal Pradesh, India during the years 2018 and 2019. Data were recorded in terms of disease severity and fruit rot incidence. The associated pathogen from bottle gourd and pumpkin was isolated on nutrient sodium chloride agar medium and identified on the basis of morphological, biochemical and pathogenicity tests on bottle gourd and pumpkin seedlings. Disease was found to be prevalent at all the locations surveyed exhibiting a mean disease severity from 24.70 to 87.55 and 5.30 to 52.92 per cent in bottle gourd and pumpkin, respectively. Fruits of bottle gourd were recorded to be affected badly exhibiting a mean fruit rot incidence of 10.23 to 95.32 to per cent, while, no fruit rot incidence was recorded in pumpkin fruits. The colonies of the isolated bacterium were mucoid, circular, smooth textured and yellow in colour having a diameter of 2-4 mm. The pathogen was found to be Gram–ve and tested positive for esculin hydrolysis as well as protein digestion test. During pathogenicity tests, incubation period of 2 and 4 days was recorded on bottle gourd and pumpkin, respectively. Based on these studies, the identity of the pathogen was confirmed to be Xanthomonas cucurbitae(ex Bryan) Vauterin et al.

scholarly journals Epidemiology and management of bacterial leaf spot on watermelon caused byPseudomonas syringae

Plant Disease ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 101 (7) ◽  
pp. 1222-1229 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Newberry ◽  
L. Ritchie ◽  
B. Babu ◽  
T. Sanchez ◽  
K. A. Beckham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Multiple Regression Model ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Spot ◽  
Progress Curve ◽  
Cool Conditions

Bacterial leaf spot of watermelon caused by Pseudomonas syringae has been an emerging disease in the southeastern United States in recent years. Disease outbreaks in Florida were widespread from 2013 to 2014 and resulted in foliar blighting at the early stages of the crop and transplant losses. We conducted a series of field trials at two locations over the course of two years to examine the chemical control options that may be effective in management of this disease, and to investigate the environmental conditions conducive for bacterial leaf spot development. Weekly applications of acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM) foliar, ASM drip, or copper hydroxide mixed with ethylene bis-dithiocarbamate were effective in reducing the standardized area under the disease progress curve (P < 0.05). Pearson’s correlation test demonstrated a negative relationship between the average weekly temperature and disease severity (–0.77, P = 0.0002). When incorporated into a multiple regression model with the square root transformed average weekly rainfall, these two variables accounted for 71% of the variability observed in the weekly disease severity (P < 0.0001). This information should be considered when choosing the planting date for watermelon seedlings as the cool conditions often encountered early in the spring season are conducive for bacterial leaf spot development.

scholarly journals Heritability of peach tree resistance to bacterial leaf spot

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 366-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Luiz Varago ◽  
Idemir Citadin ◽  
Marcos Robson Sachet ◽  
Gener Augusto Penso ◽  
Maria do Carmo Bassols Raseira
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Peach Tree ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Spot ◽  
Tree Resistance ◽  
Leaf Area Duration ◽  
Xanthomonas Arboricola

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the broad-sense heritability reaction to bacterial leaf spot (Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni), in peach tree populations obtained from directed crosses. Disease severity and defoliation of the genotypes were evaluated in field conditions, with posterior measurement of the healthy leaf area duration (HAD). The observed average heritability (0.51) indicates that the use of the evaluated genitors can be effective for the development of cultivars with higher resistance to the disease.

scholarly journals Cultural Parameters of Xanthomonas cucurbitae Causing Bacterial Leaf Spot of Bottle Gourd and Pumpkin

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 214-218
Author(s):  
Sujata Kumari ◽  
◽  
Kumud Jaria ◽  
R. S. Jarial ◽  
Savita Jandaik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Bottle Gourd ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Spot

Impact of weather parameters on the development of bacterial leaf spot in bottle gourd and pumpkin

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumud Jarial ◽  
R. S. Jarial ◽  
Sujata Kumari ◽  
Arpana Sharma ◽  
Deepa Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Bottle Gourd ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Spot ◽  
Weather Parameters

Cultural Parameters of Xanthomonas cucurbitae Causing Bacterial Leaf Spot of Bottle Gourd and Pumpkin

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 214-218
Author(s):  
Sujata Kumari ◽  
◽  
Kumud Jarial ◽  
R. S. Jarial ◽  
Savita Jandaik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Bottle Gourd ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Spot

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Effect of Seed Treatments, Bactericides, and Cultivars on Bacterial Leaf Spot of Lettuce Caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. vitians

Plant Disease ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Carisse ◽  
A. Ouimet ◽  
V. Toussaint ◽  
V. Philion
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Copper Sulfate ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Seed Treatments ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Spot ◽  
Significant Difference

As a part of a broader program for management of bacterial leaf spot, the effects of lettuce-seed treatments, greenhouse application of bactericides, and cultivars were evaluated. Seed artificially inoculated with Xanthomonas campestris pv. vitians was treated with bactericides or heat treated and evaluated for the incidence of contaminated seed and seed germination. Seed soaked in 1% sodium hypochlorite for 5 and 20 min had an incidence of contaminated seed of less than 10%. Dry-heat (1 h), hot-water (50°C, 2 h), and organic-acid treatments significantly reduced seed germination. Considering both the effects on incidence of contaminated seed and seed germination, the best treatments were soaking the seeds in 1% sodium hypochlorite for 5 or 20 min. Copper sulfate, alone or mixed with Zineb or Dithane, failed to control the disease and caused phytotoxicity. All of the other bactericides significantly reduced the severity of bacterial leaf spot. However, the differences among bactericide efficacy were too small to allow comparison between the different forms of copper used, as well as the effect of adding manganese and zinc (Dithane) or zinc alone (Zineb) to the copper product. Nevertheless, copper hydroxide alone, mixed with Zineb or mixed with Dithane, and basic copper sulfate reduced disease severity by 86.89, 78.67, 80.42, and 81.82%, respectively, without causing phytotoxicity. For the two years of cultivar evaluation, no significant difference in mean disease severity was observed among the cultivars. Based on disease incidence, the most susceptible cultivar was Bellagreen. Cvs. Ideal cos, Grand Teton, Great Lakes, Paris Island, Ithaca, and Optima showed intermediate susceptibility, and the least-susceptible cultivars were Waldmann's and Grand Rapids, both green-leaf type. There was no significant difference between the three romaine (cos) cultivars and between the two crisphead cultivars, but a significant difference was observed between the two butterhead types, Bellagreen and Optima, which had 80.04 and 48.01%, respectively, of their leaves diseased at the time of harvest.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of Pseudomonas syringae pv. coriandricola and Biochemical Changes Attributable to the Pathological Response on Its Hosts Carrot, Parsley, and Parsnip

Plant Disease ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (12) ◽  
pp. 3072-3082
Author(s):  
Tatjana Popović ◽  
Aleksandra Jelušić ◽  
Ivica Dimkić ◽  
Slaviša Stanković ◽  
Dobrivoj Poštić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Housekeeping Genes ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Spot ◽  
Strain Specificity ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
Chlorophyll Bleaching ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Vegetable Farm

Bacterial leaf spot caused by the plant pathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas syringae pv. coriandricola (Psc) was observed on carrot, parsnip, and parsley grown on a vegetable farm in the Vojvodina Province of Serbia. Nonfluorescent bacterial colonies were isolated from diseased leaves and characterized using different molecular techniques. Repetitive element PCR fingerprinting with five oligonucleotide primers (BOX, ERIC, GTG5, REP, and SERE) and the randomly amplified polymorphic DNA-PCR with the M13 primer revealed identical fingerprint patterns for all tested strains. Multilocus sequence analysis of four housekeeping genes (gapA, gltA, gyrB, and rpoD) showed a high degree (99.8 to 100%) of homology with sequences of Psc strains deposited in the Plant-Associated Microbes Database and NCBI database. The tested strains caused bacterial leaf spot symptoms on all three host plants. Host-strain specificity was not found in cross-pathogenicity tests, but the plant response (peroxidase induction and chlorophyll bleaching) was more pronounced in carrot and parsley than in parsnip.

scholarly journals Suppression of Bacterial Leaf Spot by Green Synthesized Silica Nanoparticles and Antagonistic Yeast Improves Growth, Productivity and Quality of Sweet Pepper

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1689
Author(s):  
Eman F. A. Awad-Allah ◽  
Amany H. M. Shams ◽  
Amira A. Helaly
Keyword(s):  
Silica Nanoparticles ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Leaf Spot Disease ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Spot ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Spot Disease ◽  
Antagonistic Yeast

Plants are challenged with many kinds of biotic stresses caused by different living organisms, which result in various types of diseases, infections, and damage to crop plants and ultimately affect crop productivity. Plant disease management strategies based on current approaches are necessary for sustainable agriculture. A pot experiment was carried out under greenhouse conditions to evaluate the potential of green synthesized silica nanoparticles (SiO2-NPs) and antagonistic yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) against pepper bacterial leaf spot disease, caused by Xanthomonas vesicatoria. In addition, to assess their efficacy and suppressive effects in reducing disease severity and improving sweet pepper growth, productivity, and quality. Results revealed that the combination of BCA (5%) and SiO2-NPs (150 ppm) was the most effective treatment for reducing disease severity and improving vegetative growth characters, mineral contents (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and Si in leaves), as well as stimulating polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity of sweet pepper leaves at 90 days from transplanting, while also at harvesting time enhancing sweet pepper fruit yield quality parameters significantly. In conclusion, green synthesized silica nanoparticles combined with antagonistic yeast have the potential to suppress a bacterial leaf spot disease with ecologically-sound management, while also boosting sweet pepper growth, productivity, and quality.

Genetic Diversity of Lettuce for Resistance to Bacterial Leaf Spot Caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. vitians

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolee T. Bull ◽  
Polly H. Goldman ◽  
Ryan Hayes ◽  
Laurence V. Madden ◽  
Steven T. Koike ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Strong Correlation ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Spot ◽  
Severity Levels

Lettuce plants were artificially inoculated with three isolates of Xanthomonas campestris pv. vitians in field and greenhouse evaluations for genetic variation in resistance to bacterial leaf spot. The cultivar Little Gem had the least amount of disease, whether evaluated for disease severity or disease incidence. Disease severity levels for cultivar Batavia Reine des Glaces were not significantly different from those of Little Gem. Several cultivars including Vista Verde, Pybas 251, Pacific, Clemente, Salinas 88, and Sniper were highly susceptible. There was a strong correlation between results obtained in the greenhouse and those obtained in the field (r = 0.77, P = 0.009) indicating that greenhouse assays may be used to increase the number of cultivars evaluated and to speed breeding efforts. Accepted for publication 17 May 2007. Published 17 September 2007.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document