Unusual Roman Iron Age burials on the Links of Pierowall, Westray, Orkney

2021 ◽  
Vol 150 ◽  
pp. 221-246
Author(s):  
James Graham-Campbell ◽  
Fraser Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Iron Age ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Roman World ◽  
Full Attention ◽  
Roman Glass ◽  
Late 18Th Century ◽  
Personal Appearance

Antiquarian accounts and surviving finds allow two Iron Age cist-burials found in the late 18th century on the Links of Pierowall on Westray, Orkney, to be reconstructed, although no details of the bodies survive (but both were most probably inhumations); the unusual finds have not previously received full attention. One burial contained a polished stone disc, used as a palette for grinding some valued substance, probably cosmetic, medical or narcotic. A review of the type emphasises its particular prevalence in northern Scotland, and places it within the wider context of an increase in artefacts linked to personal appearance and behaviour in the Roman Iron Age. The other burial contained a well-known Roman glass cup and a hitherto ignored ‘metal spoon’ which can reasonably be identified as a Roman import as well, plausibly of silver. Such spoons are rare import goods, known from rich burials beyond the frontier on continental Europe in the late 2nd and 3rd century AD. This suggests that the Roman world adopted similar approaches to its varied neighbours in terms of the goods offered in (most likely) political or diplomatic connections.

Recent excavations and speculations on the Navan complex

Antiquity ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 76 (292) ◽  
pp. 532-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.P. Mallory ◽  
C.J. Lynn
Keyword(s):  
Iron Age ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Major Portion ◽  
Small Lake ◽  
Late 18Th Century

Emain Macha, the legendary seat of the kings of Ulster, has long been identified with the Navan complex, 2.6 km west of Armagh. This complex comprises more than a dozen proximate, in some cases presumably associated. prehistoric monuments (Warner 1994). Excepting a number of outlying monuments, the major portion of the Navan complex is anchored between to large enclosures, each with adjacent sitcs associated with votive depositions in water. On the east is Navan Fort defined by a hengiform bank-and-ditch enclosure some 230 m across and containing two field monuments: Site A, a ring-work c. 50 m across with a low rise in the centre, and Site B, a 6–7-m high mound (FIGURE 1) . At the eastern base of the drumlin on which the enclosure sits is Loughnashade, a small lake from whose marshy edge four large Iron Age horns, at least one of which bore La The decoration, were recovered in the late 18th century (Raftery 1987).

scholarly journals »… sie bitten, sie weinen, sie drohen« – Emotionen in katholischen Ehedispensverfahren vom ausgehenden 18. bis zum Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts

Administory ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-60
Author(s):  
Margareth Lanzinger
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Government Regulations ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Late 18Th Century ◽  
Administrative Procedures ◽  
The One ◽  
Areas Of Interest

Abstract The points of departure for the contribution are the Catholic Church’s prohibition of consanguineous and affinal marriage and the practice of dispensation with a geographic focus on the Diocese of Brixen, which comprised parts of historical Tyrol and Vorarlberg during the period of study. Granting dispensation was and remained an act of grace, even when government regulations began to interfere in administrative procedures in the late 18th century. The amount of dispensation applications regarding close degrees of consanguinity and affinity significantly increased during this time. Emotions were an integral part of these proceedings. Two central areas of interest are: What were the effects of recording emotions in the dispensation paperwork, and how were the ways that emotions were described in writing expressed in social interactions? The hypothesis of this study is that applicants tried using emotions as instruments for expediting their applications on the one hand, and that lower-level clergy used the practice of recording emotions in order to legitimize supporting dispensation applicants on the other hand.

scholarly journals RECORDS OF MID-TO-LATE 18TH CENTURY ACADEMIC EXPEDITIONS AS A TOOL FOR CONSTRUCTING IMPERIAL SPACE

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-43
Author(s):  
T.A. Zagidulina ◽  
◽  
E.O. Novikova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Literature ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Scientific Study ◽  
The Other ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Important Link ◽  
Late 18Th Century ◽  
Mental Map ◽  
Study Review

Statement of the problem. The article deals with the problem of constructing the imperial space in Russia in the 18th century through the reports on Academic expeditions. It is about mental geography, ideas about oneself and the Other, center and periphery, colonies and metropolis. The purpose of this article is to analyze the situation of constructing an imperial space through the text of a scientific study. Review of scientific literature on the problem. A lot of both Russian and international studies are devoted to this problem. These are works by E. Said, M. Bassin, T. Roboli, Y. Slezkin, A. Etkind. Methodology (materials and methods). The approach to the analysis of the imperial mental map formation toolkit is interdisciplinary. The work uses the structural and typological method and is grounded on post-structuralist research (M. Foucault). The study was carried out on the basis of reports on the Academic Expeditions of P. Pallas, I. Lepekhin, N. Ozeretskovsky. Research results. Based on the analysis made, it can be concluded that reports become an important link in the construction of a new imperial space, it is in them that ideologically important oppositions are identified: center-periphery, friend-foe, colony-metropolis. The documentary character of the texts maintains maximum objectivity in assessing the representations presented in them.

PORTRAIT OF THE CHARACTER PUGACHEV IN A.S. PUSHKIN’S NOVEL THE CAPTAIN’S DAUGHTER: FROM THE ORIGINAL TO THE TRANSLATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (Special) ◽  
pp. 97-104
Author(s):  
Thuong Linh Vu
Keyword(s):  
Original Work ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Late 18Th Century ◽  
The One

The novel The Captain's Daughter by Pushkin has been acknowledged by researchers as a prose encyclopedia about Russian life in the late 18th century. In this work, Pushkin proved himself not only a responsible historian, but also a talented portrait painter. This article is aimed at clarifying the art of creating the portrait of the character Pugachev in Pushkin's novel The Captain's Daughter. By making a comparison between the original and the translation by Professor Cao Xuan Hao, we have found that the translator has made fairly accurate depictions of the characters. However, there remain some limitations in the Vietnamese translation, including the incorrect translation of several portrait features of the characters and the omission of some details. These drawbacks, on the one hand, have reduced the expressiveness of the characters’ portraits; on the other hand, they have hindered the readers from fully perceiving the spirit of the original work.

Toward a Psychology of Knowledge: VI. The Sublime, the Mystical, and the Inner Creative

1968 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 767-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley Stark
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Main Section ◽  
True Believer ◽  
Peak Experience ◽  
The Sublime ◽  
Psychology Today ◽  
Late 18Th Century ◽  
Self Actualization ◽  
History Of

The purpose of this paper is threefold: (1) to contribute to a psychology of the Sublime, an important concept in the history of aesthetics, (2) to relate the Sublime to the kind of psychology today called “existential” and/or “humanistic,” and (3) to unfold further the Rorschach framework of interpretation, particularly in regard to its limits The first of the paper's two main sections shows that most of Samuel Monk's basis for distinguishing Wordsworth from the “Blue Stockings and picturesque travelers” of late 18th century England is irrelevant to the framework. In so doing, it interprets the Sublime in terms of mystical—including psychedelic—experience. The other main section suggests the relevance of the foregoing to Viktor Frankl's “logotherapy,” and Abraham Maslow's “self-actualization,” “peak-experience,” and “Being-cognition.” A third section refers to Eric Hoffer's “true believer.” In sum, the paper associates all these individuals and/or concepts with each other and with what Rorschach meant by the capacity for inner creation.

Ways to Deal with Contingency Violence and Dialogue

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-21
Author(s):  
Pablo Oyarzun R. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Heinrich Von Kleist ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Paul Celan ◽  
Late 18Th Century ◽  
The One ◽  
The 19Th Century

In this paper contingency is estimated as an essentially identifying trait of the (modern) world emerging from the radical upheavals of the late 18th century and the beginnings of the 19th century. If contingency is the mark of the (modern) world as world, the question arises how human beings should, or merely could deal with it. For the purpose of discussing this issue, the usual alternative of violence and dialogue is considered. Nevertheless, the intention is not merely to oppose violent to rational conduct. Taking recourse to two authors who had a particularly acute sense of contingency, Heinrich von Kleist and Paul Celan, the aim of this paper, on the one hand, is to discuss a concept of violence that is not merely instrumental, nor attributable to merely subjective intentions, but that has the significance of the principle of overcoming contingency by way of absolutely forcing order or absolutely renouncing to it. On the other hand, it involves discussing a concept of dialogue that is essentially different to what may be called the institution of Western dialogue, characterized by the disembodiment of the word, and therefore to suggest the concept of a radically embodied dialogue as a way to positively deal with contingency.

Church Architecture in Neo-Classical England

1979 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-119
Author(s):  
Damie Stillman
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Royal Academy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Church Architecture ◽  
Late 18Th Century ◽  
Substantial Change

The usual appraisal of the 18th century in England as a nonreligious era is, in part, confirmed by such practices as the re-siting of churches for aesthetic rather than ecclesiastical reasons and by formal concerns, especially the general emphasis on lightness. But a substantial number of churches were erected during the second half of the century, and over 80 designs for churches were exhibited at the Royal Academy and the Society of Artists. Many of these utilized such traditional formats as the nave-aisle basilica or the hall church, though with characteristically delicate and elegant Neo-classical decoration and a penchant for attenuation. There were others, however, that exhibited a fascination with unusual shapes, ranging from octagons and ovals to Greek crosses, triangles, circles, and squares. Similarly, the late 18th-century concern both for archaeology and for stark, powerful, and plain surfaces is also evident in executed churches and unexecuted designs. Perhaps most clearly epitomizing the divergent tendencies of this age in terms of shape, decoration, and overall character are such dramatically different examples as Stuart and Newton's Greenwich Chapel of 1782-1788 and Bonomi's Great Packington of 1789-1792. Most of the other major architects of the period, from Adam and Chambers to Dance, Wyatt, and Soane, also produced designs that reflect the interaction of architecture and religion at a time when both of these forces were undergoing substantial change.

Nature, poetry and medicine in late 18th century England: a unified perspective of Erasmus Darwin

1976 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 537-537
Author(s):  
M. McNEIL
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Nature Poetry ◽  
Medicine And Philosophy ◽  
Late 18Th Century ◽  
Medical Theory ◽  
Lunar Society Of Birmingham ◽  
Organizational Principles ◽  
Century Science ◽  
Erasmus Darwin

Erasmus Darwin was the focus and embodiment of provincial England in his day. Renowned as a physician, he spent much of his life at Lichfield. He instigated the founding of the Lichfield Botanic Society, which provided the first English translation of the works of Linnaeus, and established a botanic garden; the Lunar Society of Birmingham; the Derby Philosophical Society; and two provincial libraries. A list of Darwin's correspondents and associates reads like a "who's who" of eighteenth century science, industry, medicine and philosophy. His poetry was also well received by his contemporaries and he expounded the evolutionary principles of life. Darwin can be seen as an English equivalent of Lamarck, being a philosopher of nature and human society. His ideas have been linked to a multitude of movements, including the nosological movement in Western medicine, nineteenth century utilitarianism, Romanticism in both Britain and Germany, and associationist psychology. The relationships between various aspects of Darwin's interests and the organizational principles of his writings were examined. His poetical form and medical theory were not peripheral to his study of nature but intrinsically linked in providing his contemporaries with a panorama of nature. A richer, more integrated comprehension of Erasmus Darwin as one of the most significant and representative personalities of his era was presented.

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