scholarly journals COASTAL PROCESSES AT OREGON INLET, NORTH CAROLINA

1978 ◽  
Vol 1 (16) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
James T. Jarrett
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Coastal Processes ◽  
Outer Banks ◽  
The North ◽  
Longshore Sediment Transport ◽  
Functional Aspects ◽  
Cape Hatteras ◽  
Cape Hatteras National Seashore ◽  
The Village

Coastal processes In the vicinity of Oregon Inlet, North Carolina were studied in connection with the design of a dual jetty system for that inlet. Oregon Inlet is the northernmost breach through the "Outer Banks" of North Carolina and is situated approximately 40 miles (64 km) north of Cape Hatteras and 90 miles (145 km) south of the ocean entrance to Chesapeake Bay, see Fig. 1. The improvements planned for this inlet are part of an overall plan of development directed at enhancing the fisheries industry of North Carolina through the provision of a modern fisheries center at the village of Wanchese, located on Roanoke Island, see Fig. 1. The general layout of the proposed jetty system is shown on Fig. 2. Certain aspects of this design will be referred to later in this paper. In addition to their structural and functional aspects, a major part of the design of the jetties concerns the structure-shore interaction and means whereby adverse shore processes will be prevented in operating the project. Obviously, the construction of jetties or any other type of littoral barrier at an inlet would disrupt the normal movement of and processes associated with longshore sediment transport. Therefore, artificial means of moving littoral materials around a stabilized inlet must be employed to assure that the adjacent beaches are maintained in at least the same state existing prior to any navigation related improvements. The need for a reliable sand bypassing method at Oregon Inlet is accentuated by the fact that the inlet is bounded on the north by the Cape Hatteras National Seashore and on the south by the Pea Island Wildlife Refuge, both of which are Federally owned beach areas managed for the purpose of preserving the natural quality of the Outer Banks environment. The design of a sand bypassing system must be based on a knowledge of the existing shore and inlet processes, particularly as they relate to the rate and directional distribution of longshore sediment transport. When the existing conditions are known, it is possible to estimate the sediment transport rates with the structures in place and, thus, predict the amount and direction in which material will have to be bypassed. This paper describes the approach taken to evaluate the existing and future longshore sediment transport in the vicinity of Oregon Inlet and briefly discusses the proposed bypassing system for the stabilized inlet.

Terrestrial vegetation monitoring at Cape Hatteras National Seashore: 2019 data summary

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxwell Boyle ◽  
Elizabeth Rico
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Terrestrial Vegetation ◽  
Vegetation Monitoring ◽  
The North ◽  
Cape Hatteras ◽  
Monitoring Effort ◽  
Cape Hatteras National Seashore ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
National Seashore

The Southeast Coast Network (SECN) conducts long-term terrestrial vegetation monitoring as part of the nationwide Inventory and Monitoring Program of the National Park Service (NPS). The vegetation community vital sign is one of the primary-tier resources identified by SECN park managers, and monitoring is currently conducted at 15 network parks (DeVivo et al. 2008). Monitoring plants and their associated communities over time allows for targeted understanding of ecosystems within the SECN geography, which provides managers information about the degree of change within their parks’ natural vegetation. The first year of conducting this monitoring effort at four SECN parks, including 52 plots on Cape Hatteras National Seashore (CAHA), was 2019. Twelve vegetation plots were established at Cape Hatteras NS in July and August. Data collected in each plot included species richness across multiple spatial scales, species-specific cover and constancy, species-specific woody stem seedling/sapling counts and adult tree (greater than 10 centimeters [3.9 inches {in}]) diameter at breast height (DBH), overall tree health, landform, soil, observed disturbance, and woody biomass (i.e., fuel load) estimates. This report summarizes the baseline (year 1) terrestrial vegetation data collected at Cape Hatteras National Seashore in 2019. Data were stratified across four dominant broadly defined habitats within the park (Maritime Tidal Wetlands, Maritime Nontidal Wetlands, Maritime Open Uplands, and Maritime Upland Forests and Shrublands) and four land parcels (Bodie Island, Buxton, Hatteras Island, and Ocracoke Island). Noteworthy findings include: A total of 265 vascular plant taxa (species or lower) were observed across 52 vegetation plots, including 13 species not previously documented within the park. The most frequently encountered species in each broadly defined habitat included: Maritime Tidal Wetlands: saltmeadow cordgrass Spartina patens), swallow-wort (Pattalias palustre), and marsh fimbry (Fimbristylis castanea) Maritime Nontidal Wetlands: common wax-myrtle (Morella cerifera), saltmeadow cordgrass, eastern poison ivy (Toxicodendron radicans var. radicans), and saw greenbriar (Smilax bona-nox) Maritime Open Uplands: sea oats (Uniola paniculata), dune camphorweed (Heterotheca subaxillaris), and seabeach evening-primrose (Oenothera humifusa) Maritime Upland Forests and Shrublands: : loblolly pine (Pinus taeda), southern/eastern red cedar (Juniperus silicicola + virginiana), common wax-myrtle, and live oak (Quercus virginiana). Five invasive species identified as either a Severe Threat (Rank 1) or Significant Threat (Rank 2) to native plants by the North Carolina Native Plant Society (Buchanan 2010) were found during this monitoring effort. These species (and their overall frequency of occurrence within all plots) included: alligatorweed (Alternanthera philoxeroides; 2%), Japanese honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica; 10%), Japanese stilt-grass (Microstegium vimineum; 2%), European common reed (Phragmites australis; 8%), and common chickweed (Stellaria media; 2%). Eighteen rare species tracked by the North Carolina Natural Heritage Program (Robinson 2018) were found during this monitoring effort, including two species—cypress panicgrass (Dichanthelium caerulescens) and Gulf Coast spikerush (Eleocharis cellulosa)—listed as State Endangered by the Plant Conservation Program of the North Carolina Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services (NCPCP 2010). Southern/eastern red cedar was a dominant species within the tree stratum of both Maritime Nontidal Wetland and Maritime Upland Forest and Shrubland habitat types. Other dominant tree species within CAHA forests included loblolly pine, live oak, and Darlington oak (Quercus hemisphaerica). One hundred percent of the live swamp bay (Persea palustris) trees measured in these plots were experiencing declining vigor and observed with symptoms like those caused by laurel wilt......less

Biology and Management of Dogfish Sharks

2009 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
South Carolina ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Outer Banks ◽  
The North ◽  
Gill Net ◽  
Cape Hatteras ◽  
Long Bay ◽  
Time Of Year ◽  
Separate Population

Abstract.—Little information is available about the coastal distribution of spiny dogfish <em>Squalus acanthias </em>south of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, and whether these fish are an extension of the population that overwinters in continental shelf waters off the North Carolina Outer Banks north of Cape Hatteras, or a separate population that remains south of Cape Hatteras. A coastal roaming survey was conducted in February and March 1999 from south of Cape Hatteras to the South Carolina state line to estimate the number of dogfish in coastal waters. Fish aggregations were located by sonar, and a commercial-grade sink gill net of seven different mesh sizes was deployed in waters to assess whether the aggregations were dogfish. Six large dogfish aggregations were located in shallow (10–16 m) coastal waters of Raleigh Bay, Onslow Bay, and Long Bay, covering an estimated surface area of about 66,922 ha. Two additional sets marked by sonar were not dogfish aggregations. No dogfish were caught in exploratory deepwater sets (46–55 m). Using a sensitivity analysis, total population size of all aggregations was estimated at 1.102 to 2.223 million individuals or 2.470 to 4.984 million kg. The sex ratio was 27.1:1 females to males. Aggregations were located near the bottom at a temperature range of 10.4°C to 15.7°C. Temperatures varied little vertically through the water column; laterally temperatures varied by less than 1°C for five of six aggregations. The largest aggregation, in Raleigh Bay, was exposed to the greatest spatial variability in temperature (3.6°C across 15,135 ha). This is perhaps a result of its proximity to the Gulf Stream at this time of year. We believe that dogfish south of Cape Hatteras during the winter are a small portion, probably less than 1%, of the U.S. migratory stock.

Economic Impact of Investments in Bicycle Facilities

2005 ◽  
Vol 1939 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Paul Meletiou ◽  
Judson J. Lawrie ◽  
Thomas J. Cook ◽  
Sarah W. O'Brien ◽  
John Guenther
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
Outer Banks ◽  
North Carolina Department ◽  
Economic Impact Analysis ◽  
The North ◽  
Spending Patterns ◽  
The One

The northern Outer Banks coastal area in North Carolina is well suited to drawing bicycle tourism because of its geography, climate, and attractions. In 2003, the North Carolina Department of Transportation commissioned a study to examine the value of public investment in bicycle facilities that have been constructed in this area over the past 10 years at a cost of approximately $6.7 million. A particular challenge in conducting this study was that tourists visited the Outer Banks for a variety of reasons, not just for cycling. Thus, the collection of information on the amount and nature of bicycling activity and on the spending patterns of bicyclists in the area was critical for the development of an economic impact analysis. Researchers surveyed cyclists using the bicycle facilities (shared-use paths and wide paved shoulders) and obtained data from self-administered surveys of tourists at visitor centers during the primary tourist season. The data collected were then used to determine the economic impact of bicycling visitors to the area. Seventeen percent of tourists to the area reported that they bicycled while there; this translates to 680,000 people annually. The economic impact of bicycling visitors is significant: a conservative annual estimate is $60 million, with 1,407 jobs created or supported per year. This is almost nine times greater than the one-time expenditure required to construct the facilities. Continued investment in bicycle facilities is expected to increase this favorable economic impact and is therefore recommended.

scholarly journals STUDY OF SHORELINE CHANGES AT JENEBERANG RIVER DELTA, MAKASSAR

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakka Sakka ◽  
Mulia Purba ◽  
I Wayan Nurjaya ◽  
Hidayat Pawitan ◽  
Vincentius P. Siregar
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Wave Energy ◽  
Breaking Waves ◽  
Shoreline Changes ◽  
Bay Area ◽  
The North ◽  
Longshore Sediment Transport ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Coastal Dynamic ◽  
The Difference

The study of shoreline changes during 1990 - 2008 in the delta of the River Jeneberang, Makassar was conducted by evaluating sediment transport into and out of a cell. Longshore sediment transport was computed by considering the influence of heights and angles of the breaking waves. Results of calculation of sediment transport showed that the dominant of sediment transport was to the north during the arrival of the southwest and west waves, and to the south when the wave coming from the northwest. Comparison between shore profiles resulting from model and coastline satellite imagery showed similarity. The difference between the two tend to be occurred at the head land part of the shoreline. This was due to complexity of coastal dynamic at the area. The results of the 19 years shoreline simulation showed that there was a tendency of abrasion at the upsteam head land part as the wave energy tend to converge and accretion at the bay part as the wave energy tend to diverge. Abrasion mainly occurred at Tanjung Bunga (head land) where the coast retreat 181.1 m. Accretion occur in the bay area (Tanjung Merdeka) where the coast advance to the sea for about 59.8 m. The shoreline tend to be stable when the profile was straight such as Barombong Coast.Keywords: abrasion, accretion, sediment transport, shoreline changes.

Organic carbon deposition on the North Carolina continental slope off Cape Hatteras (USA)

2002 ◽  
Vol 49 (20) ◽  
pp. 4687-4709 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.J Thomas ◽  
N.E Blair ◽  
M.J Alperin ◽  
D.J DeMaster ◽  
R.A Jahnke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Continental Slope ◽  
Carbon Deposition ◽  
The North ◽  
Cape Hatteras

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal Patterns and Return Periods of Tropical Storm and Hurricane Strikes from Texas to Maine

2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (14) ◽  
pp. 3498-3509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry D. Keim ◽  
Robert A. Muller ◽  
Gregory W. Stone
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
New England ◽  
Gulf Coast ◽  
Tropical Storm ◽  
South Florida ◽  
Return Periods ◽  
North Central ◽  
Outer Banks ◽  
The North ◽  
Southern Florida

Abstract The authors analyze 105 yr (1901–2005) of tropical cyclone strikes at 45 coastal locations from Brownsville, Texas, to Eastport, Maine, with the primary objective of examining spatiotemporal patterns of storm activity. Interpretation of the data suggests that geographically, three focal points for activity are evident: south Florida, the Outer Banks of North Carolina, and the north-central Gulf Coast. Temporally, clusters of hyperactivity are evident in south Florida from the 1920s through the 1950s and then again during the most recent years. North Carolina was a region of enhanced activity in the 1950s and again in the 1990s. A more consistent rate of occurrence was found along the north-central Gulf Coast; the last two years, however, were active in this region. Return periods of tropical storm strength systems or greater range from a frequency of once every 2 yr along the Outer Banks of North Carolina, every three years on average in southeast Texas, southeastern Louisiana, and southern Florida, and about once every 10–15 yr in northern New England. Hurricane return periods range from 5 yr in southern Florida to 105+ years at several sheltered portions of the coastline (e.g., near Cedar Key, Florida, Georgia, and the northeastern seaboard), where some locations experienced only one strike, or no strikes through the entire period of record. Severe hurricane (category 3–5) return periods range from once every 15 yr in South Florida to 105+ in New England.

Optically stimulated luminescence age controls on late Pleistocene and Holocene coastal lithosomes, North Carolina, USA

2008 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Mallinson ◽  
Kevin Burdette ◽  
Shannon Mahan ◽  
George Brook
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Beach Ridges ◽  
Outer Banks ◽  
Mis 3 ◽  
Isostatic Adjustment ◽  
The North ◽  
Coastal Features

Luminescence ages from a variety of coastal features on the North Carolina Coastal Plain provide age control for shoreline formation and relative sea-level position during the late Pleistocene. A series of paleoshoreline ridges, dating to Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5a and MIS 3 have been defined. The Kitty Hawk beach ridges, on the modern Outer Banks, yield ages of 3 to 2 ka. Oxygen-isotope data are used to place these deposits in the context of global climate and sea-level change. The occurrence of MIS 5a and MIS 3 shorelines suggests that glacio-isostatic adjustment (GIA) of the study area is large (ca. 22 to 26 m), as suggested and modeled by other workers, and/or MIS 3 sea level was briefly higher than suggested by some coral reef studies. Correcting the shoreline elevations for GIA brings their elevation in line with other sea-level indicators. The age of the Kitty Hawk beach ridges places the Holocene shoreline well west of its present location at ca. 3 to 2 ka. The age of shoreline progradation is consistent with the ages of other beach ridge complexes in the southeast USA, suggesting some regionally contemporaneous forcing mechanism.

scholarly journals Killer Whales (Orcinus orca) Off the North Carolina Coast 1709–2011

2012 ◽  
Vol 128 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-43
Author(s):  
John Hairr
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Killer Whale ◽  
Popular Literature ◽  
Historical Record ◽  
Orcinus Orca ◽  
Killer Whales ◽  
The West ◽  
Outer Banks ◽  
The North ◽  
North Carolina Coast

Abstract Killer whales, Orcinus orca, were first reported off North Carolina by naturalist John Lawson in 1709, and during the 20th century were documented from North Carolina eight times in the scientific and popular literature. The most recent confirmed sighting of killer whales off North Carolina was in the spring of 2011. There have been no reports of killer whale deaths from North Carolina. There has been only one killer whale stranded along the North Carolina coast, with the animal being alive when it was returned to the sea. All sightings have been in the waters of the Atlantic Ocean, none on the west side of the Outer Banks in the waters of Pamlico or Currituck sounds. Only three confirmed reports are from nearshore waters, while the rest were spotted more than 20 km offshore. Orcas are most frequently reported from the waters off the Outer Banks from Cape Lookout north to the Virginia border. A 200 yr gap exists in the historical record of killer whales from North Carolina.

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