Chapter 1. The Early Years

Elie Halevy ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 11-22
Keyword(s):  
Early Years

Art and the Creation of Mexico’s Communist Party, 1919–1930

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie J. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Communist Party ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
National History ◽  
Art And Politics ◽  
The Arts ◽  
The Creation

Chapter 1 focuses on the founding of Mexico’s Communist Party in 1919, and the Party’s links to the influential national and international artistic movement active in Mexico throughout the 1920s. Although during these early years the Party’s official membership numbers remained relatively insignificant, this chapter argues that the extraordinary influence of these creative participants, both female and male, on the politics of the period was far from trivial. Art and politics intertwined as artists played major roles in political affairs, and government officials appropriated the arts to transmit the “official” national history.

Beaches and Sunlight

2020 ◽  
pp. 16-57
Author(s):  
Erika Hanna
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Young People ◽  
Visual Rhetoric ◽  
Visual Language ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Family Secrets ◽  
Photograph Albums ◽  
Political Discourses ◽  
Personal Histories

Chapter 1 explores the practices and semiotics of photograph albums. Across the twentieth century, making photograph albums moved from an elite to a popular form, and was especially popular among single young people. Familial and personal histories were curated through selecting photographs, arranging them on the page, and fixing their meaning through captioning. In order to unpack these themes in detail, the chapter focuses on photograph albums depicting three ‘ordinary’ Irish lives. These photograph collections can provide us with a host of information about Ireland in the early years of the twentieth century: about how people used a visual language to narrate their lives; received, assimilated, or resisted social and political discourses; and revealed or concealed family secrets. Each of the subjects made particular choices about the stories they told in their albums, drawing on photographic modes drawn from Kodak convention and the visual rhetoric of Ireland.

A Revolution in the Courts

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Milewski
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Federal Agencies ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Legal Rights ◽  
The South ◽  
Federal Support ◽  
White Southerners ◽  
Freedmen's Bureau ◽  
The Face

Chapter 1 traces the long, hard-fought battle over black southerners’ legal rights that took place during and in the wake of the Civil War. Individual African Americans who fought for their rights in the face of incursions by their former masters and other whites were at the front lines of this battle. By appealing to federal agencies like the Freedmen’s Bureau, hiring lawyers, and testifying in courtrooms throughout the South, they mounted a stiff challenge to white southerners’ attempts to continue to largely shut them out of the courts. The federally operated Freedmen’s Bureau and the northern military occupying the South also worked to open southern courts to African Americans during the early years of Reconstruction. In addition, Congressional Republicans’ takeover of Reconstruction helped give some black southerners the federal support to exercise the rights they claimed.

Youthful Horizons

Willy Ley ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jared S. Buss
Keyword(s):  
Science Fiction ◽  
Popular Science ◽  
First World War ◽  
Early Years ◽  
World War ◽  
Weimar Germany ◽  
The First World War ◽  
First World

Chapter 1 pieces together Ley’s childhood in Berlin. It attributes his early fascination with science through his consumption of popular science and science fiction. By analyzing the themes and representations in his favorite books, this chapter presents Ley as an idealistic dreamer, who longed to become an explorer during the First World War and the early years of Weimar Germany.

The Family Man

2019 ◽  
pp. 27-40
Author(s):  
Rachel Hammersley
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Trinity College ◽  
Family Background ◽  
Limited Range ◽  
Early Years ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Connections ◽  
The Relationship

After setting out the limited range of sources available that provide information on Harrington’s life, Chapter 1 explores his family connections and early years. Detail is provided on his immediate family background and the close interaction between him and his siblings as reflected in testamentary evidence. Attention is also paid to the origins of the relationship between the Harrington family and the Stuarts, especially Charles I’s sister Princess Elizabeth, later Queen of Bohemia. The chapter traces Harrington’s early life from his birth in Northamptonshire in 1611 through to the outbreak of the Civil War in 1642. It examines, in particular, his education at Trinity College Oxford and the Middle Temple, and his European tour.

‘History will judge us right’

2019 ◽  
pp. 19-39
Author(s):  
Jennifer Davey
Keyword(s):  
Family Life ◽  
Social Experiences ◽  
Early Years ◽  
The Political ◽  
Biographical Sketch ◽  
Domestic Life

Chapter 1 provides a biographical sketch of the woman at the centre of this book. Starting with her childhood, it charts Mary’s domestic life. We are introduced to Mary as daughter, wife, mother, and widow. It pieces together the little we know about Mary’s childhood, considering the political and social experiences that shaped her early years. It explores Mary’s two marriages: the first to a man thirty-three years her senior, James Cecil, second Marquess of Salisbury, and the second to Edward Stanley, fifteenth Earl of Derby. It considers her experiences of motherhood and widowhood, and what her domestic family life was like. Finally, it explores contemporary impressions of Mary, which reveal much about her personality and interests.

Metamorphosis

2018 ◽  
pp. 31-57
Author(s):  
Deirdre Coleman
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Social Rank ◽  
Early Years ◽  
The Other ◽  
Travel Books ◽  
The World ◽  
The Many

Chapter 1 explores how the natural history discourses of taxonomy and classification are linked to the discourses of human improvement, social rank, and order. Smeathman’s early years in Scarborough are recounted, together with his entry into the world of gentlemen collectors in London, presided over by Dru Drury. The uncertain meaning and status of natural history is discussed by way of the collectors’ rivalry and the many satires of Banks. Did science legitimize empire, or was it the other way around? And what is the link between collecting and territorial conquest? Finally, the popularity of travel books meant that Smeathman must protect his chief investment—the narrative of his tropical adventures.

Coming of Age: The Shock of the Shops and the Dawning of Political Consciousness, 1900–1909

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annelise Orleck
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Labor Movement ◽  
Coming Of Age ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Political Consciousness ◽  
Garment Workers ◽  
Union Leaders

Chapter 1 traces Schneiderman’s, Newman’s, Cohn’s and Lemlich’s early years in New York garment shops at a time when electric sewing machines were doubling the speed at which workers were expected to produce. It examines their first exposure to “the Jewish labor movement,” their battles with male union leaders, their early attempts to organize young women garment workers, prior to 1909.

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