Magnetic dipole moments of the hidden-charm pentaquark states: $$P_c(4440)$$, $$P_c(4457)$$ and $$P_{cs}(4459)$$

In this work, we employ the light-cone QCD sum rule to calculate the magnetic dipole moments of the $$P_c(4440)$$ P c ( 4440 ) , $$P_c(4457)$$ P c ( 4457 ) and $$P_{cs}(4459)$$ P cs ( 4459 ) pentaquark states by considering them as the diquark–diquark–antiquark and molecular pictures with quantum numbers $$J^P = \frac{3}{2}^-$$ J P = 3 2 - , $$J^P = \frac{1}{2}^-$$ J P = 1 2 - and $$J^P = \frac{1}{2}^-$$ J P = 1 2 - , respectively. In the analyses, we use the diquark–diquark–antiquark and molecular form of interpolating currents, and photon distribution amplitudes to obtain the magnetic dipole moment of pentaquark states. Theoretical examinations on magnetic dipole moments of the hidden-charm pentaquark states, are essential as their results can help us better figure out their substructure and the dynamics of the QCD as the theory of the strong interaction. As a by product, we extract the electric quadrupole and magnetic octupole moments of the $$P_c(4440)$$ P c ( 4440 ) pentaquark. These values show a non-spherical charge distribution.

Effect of the oscillations in the photon distribution of a squeezed field on the fluorescence spectrum of the Jaynes–Cummings model

Following the scheme proposed by Eberly and Wodkiewicz for the physical spectrum, we calculate the fluorescence spectrum of the Jaynes–Cummings model when the two-level system interacts with an electromagnetic field that initially is in a squeezed coherent state. We show the appearing of “ringing lines” in the fluorescence spectrum that are echoes of the oscillations in the photon distribution of the compressed field. These ringing lines may be a similar effect as the ringing revivals of the atomic inversion that are a signature of squeezed states.

Optical Properties of Continuous and Pixelated Scintillation Crystals

The optical photon distribution produced inside continuous and pixelated scintillation crystals by the absorption of a γ-ray have been studied with the photon transport program DETECT 2000. With this program the charge signals recorded by a multi-wired anode system, like the Position Sensitive PhotoMultiplier Tube (PSPMT) of a γ-Camera, are simulated. Based on the analytical parametrization which is fitted to experimental data, a new position reconstruction method for PSPMTs is proposed in this work. Planar images have been reconstructed with the new method and compared to the traditional charge center of gravity technique. Data are obtained from a small field, high resolution γ-Camera system with a multi- wired crossed anode using the R2486 (HAMAMATSU) PSPMT. Systematic studies for continuous and pixelated inorganic scintillation crystals of CsI(Tl) have been performed for different phantom geometries using small capillaries of 99mTc. The developed method seems to drastically improve the resolution of the reconstructed planar information, even when homogeneous crystals are used.

Simulation Results of Coherent Light in a Modified Microring Resonator

By using short Gaussian pulses from a monochromatic light source as input ones, we simulate the photon distribution and analyze the output signals of a nonlinear microring resonator with two nonlinear side rings. Such a configuration is called a Panda ring resonator, which is a modified add-drop filter with two alongside phase modulators. We consider the directional couplers, which are characterized by two parameters, i.e., the power coupling coefficient (к) and the power coupling loss (y). The nonlinear refractive index (n2) of the phase modulator affects the center ring and reveals more interesting aspects. The simulation model is constructed, and the results obtained with the use of a combination of the Lumerical FDTD and MODE programs are presented. The photon is conceptually interpreted in terms of a wave packet and discussed for possible applications.