Development of a method for designing specialized machinery based on a hinge tractor

The method of designing frames of special machines for road construction and public utilities is considered, which allows you to design special machines with a given level of reliability and durability. The technique allows using modern computer modeling systems to carry out constructive refinement of the base tractor frame using experimental and mathematical modeling data. Using the design feature of tractors of the T–150K family, namely the presence of an articulated joint, it is possible, using a modular principle, to quickly design various machines for various industries. However, in order to design reliable machines, one must have a methodology for designing such machines. There is currently no such technique. When designing special machines, designers perform calculations only for working equipment. But as practice shows, the critical elements of the machine in this case, the support of the vertical hinge of the tractor frame during the operation of the pressurized machine (wheeled bulldozer and front loader), experience shock loads that lead to the destruction of the frame of the base tractor. The purpose of the article is to develop a methodology for designing a complex of road–building machines on the basis of mass–produced tractors with an articulated frame produced by public limited company "KhTZ".

Climate Adaption for Energy Utilities: Lessons Learned From California's Pioneering Regulatory Actions

This Policy Brief provides lessons learned from regulation of climate adaptation by energy utilities. The regulatory bodies responsible for oversight of investor-owned energy utilities are ill-equipped to regulate climate adaptation in the energy sector; but they may be the only institutions with authority to do so. In 2018, the California Public Utilities Commission initiated the first quasi-legislative procedure to regulate investor owned energy utilities' climate adaptation activities. The Commission's new rules for climate adaptation offer some general guidance on climate adaptation, and require investor owned utilities to conduct and submit climate vulnerability studies. Structural limitations, including conflicting interest, capacity of staff, and scope of the problem hampered the success of adaptation regulation, which failed to address fundamental questions about what constitutes adaptive measures.

JAVNO-PRIVATNO PARTNERSTVO I VODOSNABDEVANjE

Public-private partnership is often proposed as one of the better ways to establish sustainable and economically efficient use of water resources. On the other hand, we are witnessing an obvious crisis of legitimacy in the liberalization of public utilities, both by various civic movements and authors who challenge the success of this concept in financing water supply, emphasizing that numerous practical examples of private capital participation in this area have led to adverse effects on the poorest population strata. In this paper, the author analyzes the results of research related to the concept of public-private partnership, and attempts to answer whether such solutions appear to be necessary and whether they can be harmonized with the current tendency of public policies to recognize the right to water and include it in the catalogue of basic human rights.

Inter-Regional Cooperation in Waste Management: New Trends in Moscow and the Moscow Region

Globalization metrics rank Moscow as an alpha global city and the second most populous city in Europe. The city’s rate of urbanization and population growth has increased over the past decade triggering outward urban sprawl and the attendant need for spatial development within the city’s suburb – the Moscow Region municipality. This study focuses on internal factors and trends facilitating the need for inter-municipal waste management cooperation between the Moscow metropolis and the Moscow Region municipality. The paper reviews the policies driving this partnership and the inter-sectoral network facilitating waste management. Partnership effectiveness is evaluated via a multi-indicator approach, alongside qualitative thematic analysis comprising public surveys and the review of legal, administrative and operational documents. The findings reveal that cooperation between the municipalities is primarily driven by the convergence of socio-cultural factors, common territorial boundaries, the provision of public utilities and urban spatial constraints.

US infrastructure plan will narrow digital divide

Significance However, like many other important sections in the bill, the funding for new digital infrastructure has been cut drastically. Although digital access is a policy priority, it took a back seat to other, more visible priorities such as bridges. Impacts Local and state governments will take the lead on planning and implementing new digital infrastructure programmes. Companies may reduce their overseas digital infrastructure investment if domestic opportunities promise lower risk and higher returns. Public utilities may lead on developing digital infrastructure in the most rural areas.

Regulation of Network Industries in South Africa

The 1980s saw a global shift to the liberalization and regulation of network industries which were previously public utilities. Underperforming SOEs and unsustainable debt forced South Africa down this road in the late 1980s with the additional challenge of addressing racially skewed access post-apartheid. In telecommunications, this resulted in a managed liberalization process which has seen private entry but continual structural problems due to a failure to undertake wholesale regulation of the incumbents. Despite a policy advocating structural separation of transmission and generation within electricity, reform stalled due to a shift in government thinking and successful lobbying by Eskom. The regulator, NERSA, has also failed to impose operational efficiency and rein in large price increases. Within transport, aviation was liberalized in the early 1990s with effective regulatory oversight of the airports and navigation systems. However, a dependency on cross-subsidies between ports and rail within Transnet has stalled reform elsewhere.

THE PRIORITIES OF RECONSTRUCTION OF URBAN SERVICE SUBBRANCHES OF LIFE ACTIVITY IN DONBAS: SOCIO-ECOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS

The article analyzes the state of the main city service subsectors of the sphere of life — heat-, water supply and sewerage systems of the cities affected by the armed conflict in Donbas. Also, the most acute problems of heat-, water supply and sewerage systems of the cities in Donbas which suffer from their ecological condition, quality of public utilities and economic conditions of the relevant municipal enterprises, and therefore need to be addressed restoration are systematized and generalized. Particular attention is paid to assessing the consequences of environmental threats associated with the operation of urban service subsectors in the cities of Donbas, affected by the conflict, as well as analysis of the financial, economic and technical condition of the largest enterprises of water supply and sewerage and heat utilities in post-conflict areas, the dynamics of annual deterioration of the main relevant indicators are estimated. This allows to substantiate the priorities of restoration and ensuring the reliable functioning of urban service subsectors in Donbas, including consideration of the possibility of giving priority to financing projects related to the diversification of urban water supply sources, renewal of production infrastructure, reconstruction of heating facilities with the installation of modern energy-efficient equipment, etc., expanding sources of funding for relevant measures, simplifying the conditions for receiving state aid by urban enterprises in Donetsk and Luhansk regions affected by the armed conflict, through the introduction of state programs to support and develop this functional type of territory. The developed proposals for taking priority measures aimed at restoring and ensuring the reliable operation of heat-, water supply and sewerage systems of cities in the post-conflict areas of Donbas will allow each of the stakeholders (public authorities and local governments, municipal enterprises of relevant urban sub-sectors) social (improving public utilities for all categories of consumers in the region), environmental (ensuring environmental safety and improving the environmental condition of both Donbas cities affected by the conflict and neighbouring cities and regions) and economic effects (increasing efficiency by reducing costs and losses of energy and resources in the production and transportation of relevant services and, therefore, growth of investment attractiveness of both city-serving subsectors and the sphere of life in general).