Improving the quality of recycled water by pulsed electromagnetic treatment

The relevance of this work is of exceptional importance and is widely used in technological processes at most industrial enterprises, including oil refineries. Industrial enterprises of the oil industry are subject to strict controls on environmental protection, water consumption, and the quantity and quality of wastewater discharged. This article presents data on the treatment of recycled water before the clarification section by reverse osmosis using an electromagnetic treatment device. The authors made a pilot reverse osmosis unit with a capacity of 0.370 m3/h, the permeate output (for purified water) was 0.3 m3/h, the concentrate discharge was 0.07 m3/h. The test bench operates in a closed circuit, i.e. the permeate and brine are returned to the original container. The technological scheme of purification to the standards that meet the requirements of makeup water, as well as the technical specification for the design of industrial recycling water supply systems, has been developed.

Novel Concept on the Enhancement of Conventional Solar Still Performance via Constant Heat Rate Supply to the Saline Water

One of most reduction reasons of simple conventional solar still productivity is the coupling between high solar intensity and the high ambient temperature in the same time. The high intensity increases the saline water temperature while the outside temperature increases the glass temperature and consequently reduction in saline water and glass temperature difference leads to reduction in condensation and productivity. The present theoretical study focuses on the completion of the absorbed solar energy in the basin to be constant during the day. The basin water will be in high temperature level all day especially at the time of low outside temperature far away the noon. The absorbed heat in the basin is held constant at αw Imax by extra heat from wind turbine power with battery storage system all day hours. The results show that, the solar still productivity with constant heat supply is more than that with same amount of variable energy during sun rise time only (6 AM to 6 PM) by 69.133 %. So, constant absorbed heat in the water basin (αw Imax) through the 24 hr of the day enhances the performance with productivity up to 248 % with the hybrid solar and electric power consumption of the wind turbine power. The water in the basin is held constant at 2 cm via makeup water to compensate the evaporation rate.

Geochemical modelling of acid injection in high salinity sandstones at reservoir conditions

Waterflooding is widely implemented to enhance oil recovery. The displacement efficiency of this method depends on multiple factors, including makeup water properties, native oil, and formation rock. The incompatibility of the injected fluid with the pore fluid can result in a chemical non-equilibrium state within porous media that may result in different chemical reactions that depend on the type and number of the existing components within the system. The present research aims to develop a mathematical model capable of handling multiple geochemical reactions to predict pH and ions concentration during an acid injection while considering alterations of rock and fluid properties. The dependency of fluid properties (viscosity and density) is considered based on the system ionic concentration, which can be more crucial in high saline media. The validity of the developed model was evaluated using the experimental literature data. The results reveal that in addition to the effect of injected fluid pH, the process efficiency can be influenced by the composition of the injected fluid. In other words, fluid properties dependency on salinity and the injected fluid composition is significant during geochemical simulations. Comparing homogenous and heterogenous mineral distribution shows an insignificant sensitivity to the amount heterogeneity while the total mineral contents remain constant in both cases.