Successful Multidisciplinary Repair of Severe Bilateral Uretero-Enteric Stricture with Inflammatory Reaction Extending to the Left Iliac Artery, after Robotic Radical Cystectomy and Intracorporeal Ileal Neobladder

Uretero-enteric anastomotic strictures (UES) after robot-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) represent the main cause of post-operative renal dysfunction. The gold standard for treatment of UES is open uretero-ileal reimplantation (UIR), which is often a challenging and complex procedure associated with significant morbidity. We report a challenging case of long severe bilateral UES (5 cm on the left side, 3 cm on the right side) after RARC in a 55 years old male patient who was previously treated in another institution and who came to our attention with kidney dysfunction and bilateral ureteral stents from the previous two years. Difficult multiple ureteral stent placement and substitutions had been previously performed in another hospital, with resulting urinary leakage. An open surgical procedure via an anterior transperitoneal approach was performed at our hospital, which took 10 h to complete, given the massive intestinal and periureteral adhesions, which required very meticulous dissection. A vascular surgeon was called to repair an accidental rupture that had occurred during the dissection of the external left iliac artery, involved in the extensive periureteral inflammatory process. Excision of a segment of the external iliac artery was accomplished, and an interposition graft using a reversed saphenous vein was performed. Bilateral ureteroneocystostomy followed, which required, on the left side, the interposition of a Casati-Boari flap harvested from the neobladder, and on the right side a neobladder-psoas-hitching procedure with intramucosal direct ureteral reimplantation. The patient recovered well and is currently in good health, as determined at his recent 24-month follow-up visit. No signs of relapse of the strictures or other complications were detected. Bilateral ureteral reimplantation after robotic radical cystectomy is a complex procedure that should be restricted to high-volume centers, where multidisciplinary teams are available, including urologists, endourologists, and general and vascular surgeons.

Đánh giá kết quả điều trị ung thư bàng quang xâm lấn lớp cơ bằng phẫu thuật cắt bàng quang triệt căn để lại vỏ tuyến tiền liệt kết hợp nạo hạch chậu mở rộng và tạo hình bàng quang từ hồi tràng

TÓM TẮT Đặt vấn đề: Phẫu thuật cắt bỏ toàn bộ bàng quang được xem là phẫu thuật tiêu chuẩn đối với ung thư bàng quang xâm lấn. Tạo hình bàng quang mới từ hồi tràng, cũng như nạo vét hạch nhằm tránh di căn và nâng cao tỉ lệ sống sau 5 năm rất quan trọng. Bên cạnh đó, chất lượng cuộc sống của bệnh nhân sau phẫu thuật cũng rất đáng quan tâm. Mục tiêu: Đánh giá kết quả điều trị ung thư bàng quang xâm lấn lớp cơ bằng phẫu thuật cắt bàng quang triệt căn để lại vỏ tuyến tiền liệt kết hợp nạo hạch chậu mở rộng và tạo hình bàng quang từ hồi tràng. Nội dung và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu tiến cứu, mô tả lâm sàng không nhóm chứng 43 bệnh nhân nam được chẩn đoán ung thư bàng quang xâm lấn (cT2a - T4aN0M0), được phẫu thuật cắt bàng quang triệt căn để lại vỏ tuyến tiền liệt, nạo hạch chậu mở rộng và tạo hình bàng quang mới từ hồi tràng từ tháng 1/2015 đến 12/2020 tại khoa ngoại Tổng hợp BVTW Huế. Kết quả: Thời gian phẫu thuật trung bình: 213,5 ± 29,7 phút. Lượng máu mất trung bình: 130 ± 90 ml. Lấy được 11,5 ± 4,5 hạch. Thời gian nằm viện trung bình: 17,12 ± 6,45 ngày. Tỷ lệ biến chứng sớm sau mổ 32,6%. Đa số bệnh nhân khi xuất viện đều tiểu được nhưng tia tiểu yếu, tiểu són, thể tích nước tiểu ít dưới 150 ml.Thể tích bàng quang tăng có ý nghĩa qua các lần tái khám (p < 0,05). Tỷ lệ kiểm soát tiểu tiện ban ngày: 97,2% sau 6 tháng. 1/43 tái phát tại miệng nối bàng quang - niệu đạo sau 4 tháng. 7 trường hợp tử vong do ung thư tiến triển. Kết luận: Cắt bàng quang triệt căn để lại vỏ tuyến tiền liệt, nạo hạch chậu mở rộng và tạo hình bàng quang mới từ đoạn ruột non theo phương pháp Hautmann - Studer vẫn giải quyết triệt để vấn đề ung thư học, giảm khả năng tái phát di căn hạch, bệnh nhân vẫn còn khả năng tình dục và tiểu tự chủ sau mổ. ABSTRACT OUTCOMES OF INVASIVE BLADDER CANCER TREATED BY PROSTATE SPARING RADICAL CYSTECTOMY WITH EXTENDED PELVIC LYMPHADENECTOMY AND ORTHOTOPIC ILEAL NEOBLADDER Background: Radical cystectomy is considered a “gold standard” procedure to treat invasive bladder cancer. Orthotopic ileal neobladder after cystectomy as well as lymphadenectomy, which avoids metastasis and enhances postoperative 5 - years survival rate are important. Moreover, the quality of life after this kind of surgery is a great concern. Purpose: Evaluating results of treatment of invasive bladder cancer by prostate sparing radical cystectomy with extended pelvic lymphadenectomy and orthotopic ileal neobladder. Material and Method: Prospective and descriptive clinical study without a control group in 43 males who were diagnosed with invasive bladder cancer (cT2a - T4aN0M0), they underwent prostate sparing radical cystectomy with extended pelvic lymphadenectomy and orthotopic ileal neobladder, from 1/2015 to12/2020 at Department of General Surgery, Hue Central Hospital. Results: The operative time: 213,5 ± 29,7 min. The estimated blood loss: 130 ± 90 ml. The mean number of lympho nodes which is conducted lymphadenectomy: 11,5 ± 4,5. The length of hospital stay: 17,12 ± 6,45 days. Early complication rate: 32,6%. The majority of patients who were discharged from the hospital passed urine with urinary incontinence, weak urine stream and voided volume < 150ml. The volume of the neobladder increased with statistical significance through follow - up examinations (p < 0,05). The daytime continence rate was 97,2% after 6 months. 1/43 case recured at cystourethral anastomosis after 4 months. 7 cases dead due to cancer progression. Conclusion: Prostate sparing radical cystectomy with extended pelvic lymphadenectomy and Hautmann - Studer orthotopic ileal neobladderstill thoroughly solve oncologic issues, reduce the possibility of lymph node metastasis recurrence. The patient still has the sexual ability and urinary continence after this procedure. Keywords: Extended pelvis lymphadenectomy; invasive bladder cancer; radical cystectomy; orthotopic ileal neobladder.

Neuroimaging Study Investigating the Supraspinal Control of Lower Urinary Tract Function in Man With Orthotopic Ileal Neobladder

Introduction: Recent studies employing functional imaging methodology have revealed reference brain regions of urinary tract function, namely, the midbrain periaqueductal gray matter, thalamus, and cingulate and prefrontal cortices. The orthotopic ileal neobladder is a desirable method for urinary diversion after radical cystectomy, but its supraspinal control remains unknown. We aimed to evaluate brain activity while maintaining urinary urgency and voluntary urinary control in male subjects with ileal orthotopic neobladders by performing functional MRI (fMRI) during a block design experiment.Materials and Methods: Patients were recruited at the Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of the Sun Yat-sen University from October 2017 to May 2019. Two tasks were performed during fMRI scanning: (1) repeated infusion and withdrawal of sterile saline solution into and out of the neobladder to simulate urgency; and (2) repeated contraction of the pelvic floor muscle with a full neobladder to induce inhibition of micturition since the subjects were asked not to urinate. The obtained data were visualized and statistically analyzed.Results: Sixteen subjects were recruited in the study, and data were obtained from 10 subjects: mean age 60.1 years, average postoperative time 20.2 months, and daytime continence rate 100%. The parahippocampus, frontal lobe, vermis, and anterior cingulate cortex were activated with large bladder volumes, and the thalamus and caudate nucleus were deactivated during voluntary urinary control.Conclusion: A complex supraspinal program is involved during ileal orthotopic neobladder control, which is significantly different from that with normal bladders, in which the original intestine visceral volume sensation is preserved.

Studying the electrolyte changes in ileal urine at the time of radical cystectomy and ileal conduit diversion

To the Editor, Radical cystectomy (RC) for bladder cancer is a life-changing surgery, associated with high morbidity and mortality rate. Ileal neobladder seems as an attractive way for urine management post cystectomy but would carry the risk of retaining urine in the ileal pouch for a long time, resulting in serum electrolyte changes, that may add to the patients’ morbidity. EAU guidelines recommend against ileal neobladder for patients with liver and renal disorders, as well as for patients > 80 years old [...].

Technique selection of ureteroileal anastomosis in hautmann ileal neobladder with chimney modification: Reliability of patient-based selection strategy and its impact on ureteroentric stricture rate

Objective: We aimed to establish the reliability of technique selection strategy for ureteroileal anastomosis (Bricker vs. Wallace) by comparing perioperative outcomes, complications, and anastomotic stricture rate in a contemporary series of patients who underwent open radical cystectomy followed by reconstruction of modified Hautmann neobladder. Materials and methods: A total of 60 patients underwent radical cystectomy and modified Hautmann neobladder, of whom 30 patients (group I) with Bricker anastomotic technique were compared to 30 matched paired patients with end-to-end ureteroileal anastomosis (group II). Long-term results, including ureteroileal stricture (UIS) and postoperative complication rate at two year follow up were available. The choice of anastomosis type was successively based on chimney size, ureteral length after retro-sigmoidal tunneling and diameter of distal ureter. Postoperative complications were graded according to the Clavien-Dindo system. Results: Ureteroileal stricture rate was 6.6% in group I vs. 0% in group II, after three months (p < 0.05), while anastomotic leakage rate was 6.6% vs. 3.3% (group I vs group II) between the two groups for the same follow up period (p > 0.05). High-grade complications (Clavien III-V) were more in Bricker group as compared to Wallace group and the difference was significant (20% vs 10.3%, p = 0.03). Conclusion: Our preliminary outcomes demonstrate that this selection strategy seems to be clinically reliable, with lower incidence of postoperative complications in Wallace group.