Transition à la Parentalité et Fonctionnement Conjugal chez les Couples Infertiles en Tunisie

Objectif.-Evaluer l’impact de l’adoption sur le fonctionnement conjugal des couples infertiles. Méthode.-L’échantillon est composé de 146 participants hétérosexuels (73 couples) répartis en un groupe avec enfant adoptif (GAEA) composé de 30 couples infertiles vivant une parentalité adoptive et deux groupes contrôles ; le groupe avec enfant biologique (GAEB) composé de 30 couples fertiles ayant accès à la parentalité biologique et le groupe sans enfant (GSE) qui comprend 13 couples infertiles sans enfants. Résultats : Le GAEA semble éviter moins la proximité que les deux groupes contrôles et apparaît plus anxieux face à l’abandon uniquement par rapport au GAEB. Il utilise significativement plus la communication mutuelle mais uniquement par rapport au GSE et rapporte davantage des comportements de "Demande-Retrait" par rapport aux deux groupes témoins. De plus, Il est plus satisfait sur le plan conjugal que les deux groupes contrôles. Conclusion: L’étude offre une meilleure compréhension des changements au sein des couples infertiles devenant parents par voie d’adoption et ouvre plusieurs pistes d’investigation. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of adoption on the marital functioning of infertile couples. The sample is composed of 146 heterosexual participants (73 couples) divided into a group with adopted children (GWAC) made up of 30 infertile couples living in adoptive parenthood and two control groups; the group with biological child (GWBC) made up of 30 fertile couples with access to biological parenthood and the childless group (GWC) which includes 13 infertile couples without children. The GWAC seems to avoid proximity less than the two control groups and appears more anxious about abandonment only in relation to the GWBC. He used mutual communication significantly more but only in relation to the GWC and reported more "Request-Withdrawal" behaviors compared to the two control groups. In addition, he is more marital satisfaction than the two control groups. The study offers a better understanding of the changes in infertile couples becoming parents by adoption and opens several tracks of investigation.

Parenthood and the concept of the biological tie

It is widely assumed that there is value in the biological tie between parent and child. An implication of this is that adoption is often considered a less desirable alternative to procreation. This paper offers a philosophical defence of adoptive parenthood as a valuable and authentic form of parenthood. While previous defences have suggested that society’s valorisation of the biological tie is unjustified, I argue herein that the conception of the biological tie that features in the normative discourse on parenthood is too narrowly genocentric. Against this genocentric conception, recent work in the philosophy of biology has emphasised the roles of joint determination, dynamic construction, and extended inheritance in development, which I suggest can substantiate a more inclusive conception of the biological tie. Accordingly, I propose that adoptive parents form a rich variety of biological ties with their children, some of which are as heritable and formative as genetic relatedness.

Navigating Methodological Concerns at the Data Collection Stage: Lessons from a Qualitative Indian-Irish Adoption Study

This paper was written to describe the experiences of the researchers in designing cross-cultural research on the culturally sensitive topic of adoptive parenthood, a field in which there is a dearth of literature. Taking the experience and examples from an Indian-Irish study on domestic adoptive parenthood, the paper details the steps as to how the researchers used their own relationship with adoption, and the different cultural contexts to which they belonged, as a starting point in designing and implementing this research. The discussion utilizes a conceptual framework involving insider-outsider positioning, reflexivity and five philosophical assumptions (ontology, epistemology, methodology, axiology, and rhetoric) to show how cross-cultural research can be negotiated. Through the research design and data collection stage, researchers' understanding about themselves and about the adoption process in the two countries, is used as a backdrop for the exploration. While various deliberations and negotiations between the researchers are described, the paper also shows the differences and methodological concerns that can be steered through inter-cultural territory, where reflexivity is central to all stages of the endeavor. These processes and reflections are summarized in this paper, with recommendations for students and academics to promote the discussions around the design of qualitative cross-cultural work.

Mother America

After the Korean War, it became acceptable and expected that American families would adopt Korean children into their homes, symbolizing American prosperity and security. As significant a role as social work played in this process, there currently exists no research that examines the activities of the profession and the origins of Korean adoption. This chapter discusses the maternalist nature of adoption efforts during the 1950s by one international social welfare agency after the Korean War: the American Branch of International Social Service (ISS-USA). Predicated on maternalist ideologies that shaped the social work profession during the Progressive Era, in what the author calls Cold War maternalism, the gendered notions of motherhood were expanded to genderless notions of parenthood. Anticommunist sentiments thrust adoptive parenthood into the political spotlight on an international level, thus serving the best interests of adoptive parents and the nation long before serving those of the children.

Adoptive parenthood in the context of child and parents disability

The article presents selected issues regarding adoption and disability. The first part focuses on the theoretical definition of the concept of health and disability. Then, selected results of Polish and foreign research describing the stress and worries experienced by adoptive parents were analyzed, as well as satisfaction from the role of parent after adoption of a child with disability. The third part focuses on the formal and legal analysis of the possibilities of access to the adoption process by parents with disabilities.

Mother America

After the Korean War, it became acceptable and expected that American families would adopt Korean children into their homes, symbolizing American prosperity and security. As significant a role as social work played in this process, there currently exists no research that examines the activities of the profession and the origins of Korean adoption. This chapter discusses the maternalist nature of adoption efforts during the 1950s by one international social welfare agency after the Korean War: the American Branch of International Social Service (ISS-USA). Predicated on maternalist ideologies that shaped the social work profession during the Progressive Era, in what the author calls Cold War maternalism, the gendered notions of motherhood were expanded to genderless notions of parenthood. Anticommunist sentiments thrust adoptive parenthood into the political spotlight on an international level, thus serving the best interests of adoptive parents and the nation long before serving those of the children.