heat of explosion
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Author(s):  
А.А. Трубников ◽  
В.В. Гордеев ◽  
А.Г. Вакутин

Разработан экспресс-метод расчета теплоты взрыва СаHbNcOdконденсированных взрывчатых веществ с различным кислородным балансом от резко отрицательного до положительного. Предложенный метод использует минимальный набор входных данных, состоящих из элементного состава, плотности энтальпий образований исходного взрывчатого вещества и его продуктов детонации. Расчет теплоты взрыва основывается на корреляционной связи между минимальной и максимальной теплотами взрыва с плотностью высокоэнергетического соединения. В статье подробно приведены реакции разложения взрывчатых веществ для случаев с минимальной и максимальными теплотами взрыва. Проведены расчеты теплоты взрыва по новому способу и методу Пепекина по представленной в статье базы взрывчатых веществ, а также приведены результаты сравнения, которые показали большую точность (в 2,3 раза) предложенного метода. An express method has been developed for calculating the explosion heat of cahbncod condensed explosives with different oxygen balance from sharply negative to positive. The proposed method uses a minimal set of input data consisting of the elemental composition, enthalpy density of the formations of the initial explosive and its detonation products. The calculation of the heat of explosion is based on the correlation between the minimum and maximum heat of explosion with the density of a high-energy compound. The article describes in detail the decomposition reactions of explosives for cases with minimum and maximum explosion heats. Calculations of the heat of explosion according to the new method and the pepekin method are carried out according to the explosives database presented in the article, and comparison results are also presented, which showed a better accuracy (2.3 times) of the proposed method.


Author(s):  
В.В. Гордеев ◽  
М.В. Казутин ◽  
Н.В. Козырев

Синтезированное в ИПХЭТ СО РАН низкочувствительное высокоэнергетическое вещество 1-метил-3-нитро-1,2,4-триазол (1Ме-3Н) рассматривается как перспективная добавка, способная увеличить силу взрыва нанотермитных композиций. В работе приведены результаты исследования силы взрыва (F) нанотермитной композиции CuO/Al/1Me-3H в зависимости от содержания 1Ме-3Н. Исследован ряд составов различной рецептурной компоновки: I – соотношение компонентов тройной смеси CuO/Al/1Me-3H соответствовало максимальной расчетной теплоте взрыва композиции (Q) при заданном содержании 1Ме-3Н; II – соотношение компонентов тройной смеси соответствовало максимальному расчётному значению давления (P), развиваемому при горении композиции в замкнутом объеме; III –соотношение компонентов базовой нанотермитной пары CuO/Al (79/21 % масс.), соответствующее максимальному расчетному значению Q, оставалось постоянным в тройной смеси; IV – соотношение компонентов базовой нанотермитной пары CuO/Al (76/24 % масс.), соответствующее максимальному расчетному значению P, оставалось постоянным в тройной смеси. Для всех типов компоновки выявлен экстремальный характер зависимости силы взрыва от содержания 1Ме-3Н, при этом максимальные значения F наблюдаются при содержании добавки 5 % для компоновки I (F = 107 %), 10 % для компоновки II (F = 128 %), 25 % для компоновки III (F = 151 %) и 30 % для компоновки IV (F = 147 %). The low-sensitivity high-energy substance 1-methyl-3-nitro-1,2,4-triazole (1Me-3H), synthesized at the IPCET SB RAS, is considered as a promising additive capable of increasing the explosion force of nanotermitic compositions. The paper presents the results of a study of the explosion force (F) of the nanothermic composition CuO / Al / 1Me-3H, depending on the content of 1Me-3H. A number of compositions of various prescription configurations were investigated: I - the ratio of the components of the ternary mixture CuO/Al/1Me-3H corresponded to the maximum calculated heat of explosion of the composition (Q) at a given content of 1Me-3H; II - the ratio of the components of the ternary mixture corresponded to the maximum calculated value of the pressure (P) developed during the combustion of the composition in a closed volume; III — the ratio of the components of the base nanothermite pair CuO/Al (79/21 %), corresponding to the maximum calculated value of Q, remained constant in the ternary mixture; IV - the ratio of the components of the base nanothermite pair CuO / Al (76/24 %), corresponding to the maximum calculated value of P, remained constant in the ternary mixture. For all types of prescription configurations, an extreme nature of the dependence of the force explosion on the content of 1Me-3H was revealed, while the maximum values of F are observed at an additive content of 5% for configuration I (F = 107%), 10% for configuration II (F = 128%), 25% for configuration III (F = 151%) and 30% for configuration IV (F = 147%).


Author(s):  
И.Н. Сурначёв ◽  
Б.В. Певченко ◽  
А.В. Курбатов ◽  
Д.В. Пушкин ◽  
М.А. Чеканов ◽  
...  

К настоящему времени накоплен большой объём калориметрических данных о теплоте (энергии) взрыва Q различных взрывчатых веществ (ВВ) и взрывчатых составов (ВС). Получены зависимости Q от начальной плотности ВВ Q(ρ0). Однако, на практике давление детонации в основном заряде можно менять, вызывая пересжатую детонацию, за счёт инициирования основного заряда мощным ВВ, поэтому практический интерес представляют зависимости теплоты взрыва от давления детонации Q(Р), которые можно получить на основе имеющихся зависимостей Q(ρ0) для индивидуальных ВВ, распространив их на ВС. Приведена методика определения зависимостей для расчёта теплоты взрыва различных ВС, включая алюминийсодержащие, как при нормальной так и при пересжатой детонации A large volume of calorimetric data on the heat energy Q of explosion for various explosives (Es) and explosive compositions (EC) has been accumulated by now. The dependences of Q on the initial ES density Q (ρ0) are obtained. However, the detonation pressure in the base charge can be changed in practice causing super compressed detonation, due to the initiation of the base charge by a powerful explosive; therefore, the dependences of the explosion heat on the detonation pressure Q (P), which can be obtained on the basis of the available dependences Q (ρ0) for individual explosives is of practical interest as they can be applied to EC. A method to determine the dependences for calculating the heat of explosion of various aircraft, including aluminum-containing ones, both during normal and super compressed detonation is presented.


RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (41) ◽  
pp. 25764-25776
Author(s):  
Yunhao Xie ◽  
Yijing Liu ◽  
Renling Hu ◽  
Xu Lin ◽  
Jing Hu ◽  
...  

In this work, we construct a self-adaptive design framework to efficiently screen energetic compounds with the desired heat of formation and heat of explosion from the vast chemical space unexplored.


Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 172
Author(s):  
Andrzej Biessikirski ◽  
Dominik Czerwonka ◽  
Jolanta Biegańska ◽  
Łukasz Kuterasiński ◽  
Magdalena Ziąbka ◽  
...  

This work aims to evaluate the possible application of pyrolysis fuel oils obtained through the pyrolysis of waste plastics. by comparing both the blasting properties and morphology results of Ammonium Nitrate Fuel Oil (ANFO), which is applied in the mining industry, and ANFO based on pyrolysis fuel oils (FOs), as well as low-temperature properties of all tested FO samples. The low-temperature research includes the measurements of density, kinematic viscosity, flash point, pour point, and cloud point. Moreover, a stability analysis was carried out based on the Turbiscan Stability Index (TSI) coefficient. Based on the obtained results it was concluded that despite pyrolysis FOs showing some differences in comparison with index FO, none of their properties indicated that pyrolysis FOs should be excluded from possible application in ANFO. Additionally, IR, XRD, and SEM analyses were conducted for all ANFO samples. The instrumental analysis did not show any dribbling effect. The blasting tests such as velocity of detonation (VOD), the heat of explosion, and post-blast fumes revealed that VOD values were lower in comparison to the reference ANFO sample. However, the observed differences were either negligible (heat of explosion) or small enough (VOD) to conclude that polyolefin waste-derived pyrolysis fuel oils can be applied as ANFO’s fuel component.


2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (9) ◽  
pp. 87-97
Author(s):  
Titi Paraschiv ◽  
Tudor Viorel Tiganescu ◽  
George Ovidiu Iorga ◽  
Raluca Elena Ginghina ◽  
Octavian Constantin Grigoroiu

Nitrocellulose based propellants are the main materials used for ballistic and rocket applications. The chemical composition of the propellants, the loading density and propellant grain geometry are the decisive parameters that influence the performance parameters in ballistic application. In this paper the authors evaluate three models of combustion for energetic materials for the determination of heat of explosion and specific volume together with the adiabatic flame temperature. The authors select six types of propellant (two simple base propellants, two double base propellants based on nitroglycerine and two triple base propellants based on nitroguanidine) and the authors determined the heat of explosion and specific volume using a bomb calorimeter and a Julius-Peters device. The results obtained from the combustion models were compared to the experimental results and assumptions were done on the influence of pressure and temperature on the chemical composition of combustion gases produced by the confined deflagration of nitrocellulose-based propellants.


Author(s):  
Jingke Deng ◽  
Guoping Li ◽  
Lianhua Shen ◽  
Yunjun Luo

<p>Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) propellant were prepared with different content of Al/B/Fe2O3 nano thermite, and the mechanical, thermal and energetic performances were studied. Al/B/Fe2O3 nano thermite exhibited good compatibility with HTPB and dioctyl sebacate (DOS) through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) tests. Mechanical experiments show that the mechanical properties of HTPB propellant could be improved by the addition of a small quantity of Al/B/Fe2O3 nano thermite, compared with the absence of Al/B/Fe2O3 nano thermite. For example, with the addition of 3% Al/B/Fe2O3 nano thermite, the tensile strength and elongation of propellant had the increase of 15.3% and 32.1%, respectively. Thermal analysis indicated that the decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) in HTPB propellant could be catalyzed by Al/B/Fe2O3 nano thermite, the high-temperature exothermic peak of AP was shifted to lower temperature by 70.8 °C when the content of Al/B/Fe2O3 nano thermite was 5%, and the heat released was enhanced by 70%. At the same time, the heat of explosion of HTPB propellant could also be enhanced by the addition of Al/B/Fe2O3 nano thermite. Copyright © 2016 BCREC GROUP. All rights reserved </p><p><em>Received: 5<sup>th</sup> November 2015; Revised: 4<sup>th</sup> December 2015; Accepted: 30<sup>th</sup> December 2015</em></p><p><strong>How to Cite</strong>: Deng, J., Li, G., Shen, L., Luo, Y. (2016). Application of Al/B/Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Nano Thermite in Composite Solid Propellant. <em>Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering &amp; Catalysis</em>, 11 (1): 109-114. (doi:10.9767/bcrec.11.1.432.109-114)</p><p><strong>Permalink/DOI</strong>: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.11.1.432.109-114">http://dx.doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.11.1.432.109-114</a></p><p> </p>


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