P-B02 Does the length of alimentary limb make a significant difference in the weight loss in Roux en y gastric bypass patients?

Background Roux en Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery for morbid obesity is considered as gold standard, but there can be a difference in the length of alimentary and biliopancreatic limb to achieve optimum weight loss. Till now there is no agreed consensus on the ideal limb lengths and their effect on the weight loss. We would like to evaluate the change in the alimentary limb length on the weight loss after the gastric bypass surgery, as a short to medium term single center study. Methods A retrospective analysis from prospectively maintained database of 523 patients who underwent RYGB from 2012 till 2018 was done. Patient who had at least a follow up of 2 years(n = 388) were included. At our center we use alimentary limb of 120 +/- 10 cm for Body Mass Index (BMI) < 40 kg/m2 (group A) and 150+/-10 cm for the BMI >40 kg/m2 (Group B). The biliopancreatic limb length varies from 50 to 70 cm and this does not change with BMI. The percentage excess weight(EWL) loss was measured and analyzed at 1st and 2nd year post operatively. We used paired t test to check for statistical significance. Results There were 172 patients in Group A and 216 in Group B. The number of females were 330 and males were 58. The average age was 44 years . The mean preoperative BMI for the 120 cm limb group was 37.1 kg/m2 and that for 150 cm limb was 45.3kg/m2. The EWL for the group A at 1 year and 2 year post op was a Mean and standard deviation of 79.3% +/- 39.4% and 78.3% +/- 35.2% respectively and for group B was 58.8% +/- 26.6% and 58.6% +/- 23.2% respectively. The difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001) . The analysis and interpretation for metabolic syndrome is yet to be determined. Conclusions In our study, Increasing the alimentary limb length for higher BMI reduced EWL. This is consistent with few other publications regarding the same. This has resulted in a change in our practice namely keeping the length of alimentary limb constant and varying the BP limb length. We will be analyzing and presenting this data in future.

A pilot study about the development and characterization of a Roux en Y gastric bypass model in obese Yucatan minipigs

Performing the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) in obese Yucatan minipigs provides an opportunity to explore the mechanisms behind the effects of this surgery in controlled environmental and nutritional conditions. We hypothesized that RYGBP in these minipigs would induce changes at multiple levels, as in obese humans. We sought to characterize RYGBP in a diet-induced obese minipig model, compared with a pair-fed sham group. After inducing obesity with an ad libitum high-fat/high-sugar diet, we performed RYGBP (n = 7) or sham surgery (n = 6). Oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) were performed before and after surgery. Histological analyses were conducted to compare the alimentary limb at sacrifice with tissue sampled during RYGBP surgery. One death occurred in the RYGBP group at postoperative day (POD) 3. Before sacrifice, weight loss was the same across groups. GLP-1 secretion (OGTT) was significantly higher at 15, 30 and 60 min at POD 7, and at 30 and 60 min at POD 30 in the RYGBP group. Incremental insulin area under the curve increased significantly after RYGBP (p = 0.02). RYGBP induced extensive remodeling of the alimentary limb. Results show that RYGBP can be safely performed in obese minipigs, and changes mimic those observed in humans.

Petersen-hernia, egy ritka sérvtípus megjelenése osztályunkon

Összefoglaló. 61 éves nőbeteg anamnéziséből 3 évvel korábbi, morbid obezitás miatti bariátriai műtét (Roux Y gastric bypass, műtét előtti BMI 42, aktuális BMI 22), hysterectomia, hypertonia említendő. Négy napja tartó diffúz hasi fájdalom, hányás, hányinger, székletkimaradás miatt került SBO érintésével sebészeti osztályunkra. Felvételkor mérsékelt hasi distenzió, diffúz felhasi 3-5/10 fájdalom volt, defensus nélkül, NG szonda jelentős tartalmat nem hozott. Ileusra jellemző auscultációt, rectalis vizsgálattal üres ampullát találtunk. Álló natív hasi felvételen jobb oldalon L II–III. csigolya mellett kissé gázos, nem tágabb vékonybélkacs került leírásra, benne 2-3 cm-es nívóval. Hasi UH-vizsgálaton folyadékkal telt, tág, 30–35 mm átmérőjű vékonybeleket írtak le. CT-vizsgálat során a duodenum, jejunum és néhány proximalis ileumkacs kóros distensióját igazolták, nívókkal, innen aboralisan összeesett vékonybeleket. Tekintettel a kliniko-radiológiai képre, urgens műtét során Hasson-technikával laparoszkópos inspekciót végeztünk, azonban a masszív ileus okozta térhiány miatt kp medián laparotómiára konvertáltunk. Az exploráció során a Petersen-hernián át a jobb hasfélbe herniálódott alimentáris, biliopancreatikus és közös vékonybélszakaszt észleltünk a terminális ileum közepéig. A bél életképesnek bizonyult. A Petersen-hernián át a kizáródott szakaszt a bal hasfél felé visszahelyeztük, majd a Petersen-herniát nem felszívódó fonallal a colon transversum és az alimentáris kacs mezentériuma közt tovafutó varrattal zártuk. A beteg az ötödik postoperatív napon gyógyultan távozott. Summary. 61 years old female with previous surgical history of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (3 years ago) and earlier hysterectomy admitted to our surgical department with clinical and radiological signs of small intestinal obstruction. Urgent intervention had been performed with following findings: Petersen herniation of alimentary tract including the – biliopancreatic tract and the small bowel extending to the midpart of the terminal ileum. Viability of herniated intestinal tract had been confirmed, and reposition of herniated parts through the Petersen hernia had been done. Closure with non-absorbable running suture of the gap between the transverse colon and the mesenteriun of the alimentary limb had been performed. Patient was fit for discharge on the fifth postoperative day.

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass with a long compared to a short biliopancreatic limb leads to better weight loss and glycemic control in obese mice

Objective Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) shows durable long-term weight loss and control of comorbidities in randomized controlled trials. However, the impact of the proportions of the biliopancreatic limb (BPL) and the total alimentary limb (TALL) on weight loss or glucose metabolism is still unclear. Methods Six weeks old C57BL/6J mice were fed high fat diet (HFD) to induce obesity and glucose intolerance. Mice underwent RYGB surgery with a very-long BPL (35% of total bowel length [TBL]), long BPL (25% of TBL), short BPL (15 % of TBL), or sham surgery. The alimentary limb (AL) was adjusted in dependency on the BPL to achieve a fixed CC length. Glycemia was assessment by intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests. Results Mice undergoing RYGB with a very-long BPL showed excessive weight loss and mortality and were therefore excluded for further analyses. Total weight loss (TWL%) was significantly higher in the long BPL- compared to short BPL-group. Mice with a long BPL showed significantly improved glucose tolerance 14 days postoperatively, while 35 days postoperatively, the improvement in glucose tolerance with a long BPL was much less distinctive. Conclusion RYGB with a longer BPL leads to improved results including weight loss and glucose tolerance. However, the metabolic improvements seem to decrease over time. These findings could potentially be translated to humans by adjusting the BPL according to body weight and comorbidities. To avoid possible negative effects of a longer BPL total bowel length measurement is mandatory.

Surgical Management of a Caustic Ingestion in a Gastric Bypass Patient: A Case Report

Introduction: Bariatric surgery is recognized as the most effective treatment for obesity. Increased rate of psychological disorders has been noted after surgery. However, no case of caustic ingestion after bariatric surgery and its surgical management has been reported in the literature. Presentation of Case: A 48-year-old woman, who underwent a Rouxen- Y gastric bypass 9 years ago, ingested caustic substances as a suicide attempt, causing necrosis of the entire alimentary limb without severe lesion of esophageal tract or gastric pouch. During exploratory laparotomy, resection of the alimentary limb and gastrostomy in the neogastric pouch were performed. Three months later, the patient presented to the emergency room with a dislodged gastrostomy tube. Exploratory laparotomy was performed with restoration of anatomical continuity via gastro-gastric anastomosis. Discussion: Bariatric surgery is correlated to a higher postoperative risk of psychological disorders until suicide attempt. This case is the first description of caustic ingestion after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and its surgical management. It underlines the importance for bariatric teams to consider psychological aspect of surgical patients pre- and postoperatively.

Mechanical colon obstruction due to the alimentary limb after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: a case report

Background Small bowel obstruction is a known and potentially lethal complication after gastric bypass surgery, in both the early and the late postoperative course. Colon or large bowel obstruction, on the other hand, seems to be rare after gastric bypass surgery and thus is not routinely considered. Case presentation We present the case of a 21-year old morbidly obese caucasian patient who underwent laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery and developed an early severe transverse colon obstruction due to compression of the transverse colon by the antecolic alimentary limb. Emergency revisional surgery showed a short and tense alimentary limb mesentery and possibly tight closure of Petersen’s space contributing to the compression. Through opening of Petersen’s space and mobilization of alimentary limb mesentery, decompression was achieved, and the patient fully recovered. Conclusions This is a rare case of colon obstruction caused by direct compression of the transverse colon by the antecolic alimentary limb. We propose that a combination of short tense alimentary limb mesentery and perhaps tight closure of Petersen’s space was responsible for the obstruction in this case. Surgeons and treating physicians need to be aware of such rare causes of early postoperative bowel obstruction and take these into consideration when evaluating patients.

Characterization of one anastomosis gastric bypass and impact of biliary and common limbs on bile acid and postprandial glucose metabolism in a minipig model

Background/Objectives: The alimentary limb has been proposed to be a key driver of the weight-loss-independent metabolic improvements that occur upon bariatric surgery. However, the One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass (OAGB) procedure, consisting of one long biliary limb and a short common limb, induces stronger beneficial metabolic effects compared to Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB) in humans, despite the lack of an alimentary limb. The aim of this study was to assess the role of the biliary and common limbs in the weight-loss and metabolic effects that occur upon OAGB. Subjects/Methods: OAGB and sham surgery, with or without modifications of the length of either the biliary limb or the common limb, were performed in Gottingen-like minipigs. Weight loss, metabolic changes, and the effects on plasma and intestinal bile acids (BAs) were assessed 15 days after surgery. Results: OAGB significantly decreased body weight, improved glucose homeostasis, increased postprandial GLP-1 and fasting plasma BAs, and qualitatively changed the intestinal BA species composition. Resection of the biliary limb prevented the body weight loss effects of OAGB and attenuated the postprandial GLP-1 increase. Improvements in glucose homeostasis along with changes in plasma and intestinal BAs occurred after OAGB regardless of the biliary limb length. Resection of only the common limb reproduced the glucose homeostasis effects and the changes in intestinal BAs. Conclusions: Our results suggest that the changes in glucose metabolism and BAs after OAGB are mainly mediated by the length of the common limb, whereas the length of the biliary limb contributes to body weight loss.