The Use of Bulk Fill Resin-Based Composite in the Sealing of Cavity with Margins in Radicular Cementum

The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate if the newly introduced bulk fill resin-based composite provides a better marginal sealing in cavity preparations with margins in dental cementum. The population investigation comparison outcome (PICO) framework was: in cavity preparation with margins in dental cementum of human extracted teeth, do bulk fill resin base composites provide a better marginal sealing than non-bulk fill resin-based composites? We performed our research on April 21, 2020. Two authors independently evaluated the abstract and titles for eligibility criteria. Two authors independently extracted the data and assessed the risk of bias in single studies. After the initial screening of 400 abstract and titles, the full text of the articles, that could meet the eligibility criteria, were obtained via the university library. A total of 36 full-text articles were evaluated; 11 articles were finally eligible for the review. Eight studies showed statistically differences, but not significant, in the marginal sealing between bulk fill and nonbulk fill resin-based composite (p > 0.05). One study showed statistically significant differences: SonicFill and Grandio showed better marginal sealing than GrandioSo and SDR(r) (Sirona Dentsply, New York, United States) and the latter two showed better marginal sealing than Filtek Supreme (p < 0.05). One study showed statistically significant less marginal gap of SDR than Filtek Bulk Fill (p = 0.0015) and Filtek Supreme (p < 0.0001). One study showed SDR to have a significantly higher microleakage than the other materials tested (p < 0.05). Based on our current literature review, there are not enough data to establish if bulk fill resin base composite provides a better or a worse marginal sealing at cementum margins.

Anatomical and histological structure of the cavy’s teeth as a basis for diagnosis of dental diseases

The cavy’s dentition can be shortly described as diphyodont, heterodont, and hypselodont. Histologically, each tooth consists of enamel formed of 4 layers of cells, which together form an apical bud, dentin formed by odontoblasts, and dental cementum. The facies lingualis of incisors is covered with classical acellular cementum, whereas a few circular islands of cementum pearls occur on facies labialis. There are 3 types of cementum in cheek teeth: acellular cementum, cementum pearls, and cartilage-like cementum. Constant tooth growth is ensured by an open pulp cavity within the apex. Periodontal ligaments that are part of the desmodontium are responsible for anchoring teeth in the alveolus.

Combined dental wear and cementum analyses in ungulates reveal the seasonality of Neanderthal occupations in Covalejos Cave (Northern Iberia)

We propose for the first time the use of the combination of two high-resolution techniques, dental wear (meso- and microwear) and dental cementum analyses, to gain a better understanding of Neanderthal subsistence strategies and occupational patterns. Dental wear analysis provides information not only on ungulate palaeodiet and palaeoenvironments but also on hunting time and seasons. Dental cementum analysis allows the accurate determination of the age and season at death of a prey. Our study has focused on the Cantabrian region and has applied both methods to investigate the Mousterian faunal assemblages in Covalejos Cave. Identification of the ungulate palaeodiet reveals information on the environmental conditions of the studied region. Moreover, it may facilitate observation on the evolution of both palaeodiet and palaeoenvironment throughout the site sequence. Results show a general stability in the palaeoenvironmental conditions and in the ungulate palaeodiet throughout the Mousterian sequence; this finding may be attributed to the role of the area as a climate refuge, and slight differences in levels 8, 7 and 4 suggest long- or short-term but repeated Neanderthal occupations at different seasons in the annual cycle.

Endodontic Management of Hypercementosis in Conjunction with Asymptomatic Apical Periodontitis: A Case Report

Introduction: Hypercementosis is characterized by an excessive deposit of dental cementum. While it is considered a benign pathology, it can sometimes be associated with a chronic pulpal or periapical infection. Furthermore, its management is complex, because establishing an accurate apical limit for a root canal procedure is not always possible. Methods: When a periapical lesion is present, a conservative, surgical approach to remove the inflammatory tissue from the periapical lesion can be considered as a treatment option. Conclusion: This paper reports on the management of a tooth with hypercementosis accompanied by an asymptomatic apical periodontitis affecting a left mandibular second molar.