Najstarsi mieszkańcy współczesnej wsi a globalne zmiany społeczno-kulturowe (na przykładzie gminy Wręczyca Wielka). Studium socjolingwistyczne

The Oldest Inhabitants of a Contemporary Village and Global Social and Cultural Changes (by the Example of Wręczyca Wielka Municipality): A Sociolinguistic StudyThe main purpose of this article is to show the influence of globalization-related social and cultural changes on the language and linguistic perception of the world presented by the oldest inhabitants of a contemporary village. The research material contains the informal utterances of respondents aged 65+, which were collected during geographical research from 2011 to 2020 in the area of Wręczyca Wielka municipality near Klobuck in the north of Silesia Province. The first part of the article is a short description of the traditional rural community. Next, the author describes the changes which have been seen in Polish villages since 1945. In the second part, on the basis of the respondents’ utterances, the author shows the influence of the aforementioned changes on the language and linguistic perception of the world of the oldest inhabitants of Wręczyca Wielka municipality. Najstarsi mieszkańcy współczesnej wsi a globalne zmiany społeczno-kulturowe (na przykładzie gminy Wręczyca Wielka). Studium socjolingwistyczneGłównym celem artykułu jest próba ukazania wpływu globalnych zmian społeczno-kulturowych na język i językowe postrzeganie świata przez najstarszych mieszkańców współczesnej wsi. Materiał badawczy stanowią nieoficjalne wypowiedzi informatorów powyżej sześćdziesiątego piątego roku życia, zgromadzone podczas badań terenowych w latach 2011–2020 w gminie Wręczyca Wielka na północy województwa śląskiego w powiecie kłobuckim. W pierwszej części artykułu scharakteryzowano pokrótce tradycyjną społeczność wiejską. Przybliżono także szeroko pojęte przemiany, które dokonały się na polskich wsiach po roku 1945. W drugiej części – na podstawie wypowiedzi informatorów – omówiono wpływ wspomnianych przemian na język i językowe postrzeganie świata przez najstarszych mieszkańców gminy Wręczyca Wielka.

REGIONAL CONSTRUCTIVE-GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH IN ECONOMIC ACTIVITY OF LOCAL COMMUNITIES

Problem Statement and Purpose. The problem of rational use of regional and local features of natural conditions and natural resources in the development of modern communities is relevant; constructive-geographical and constructive-landscape research in this process should solve the problem of rational nature management within the territory of each community. In connection with the active reform of the modern economy, it is necessary to gradually move away from standard methods of using natural resources, taking into account their regional and local features, traditions and customs of economic development. This applies to any region of Ukraine. As an example – considered Podillya, and within its boundaries in more detail the Middle Transnistria. Data & Methods. For the preparation of the article the publications of domestic and foreign scientists in the field of constructive geography and landscape science on the mentioned problem, materials of Vinnytsia regional archive, field constructive-geographical researches during 2010–2020 were used. Methods: comparative-geographical, statistical, analysis and synthesis and generalization. The principle of historicism was used to analyze the dynamics of decentralization processes and the significance of the formation of united territorial communities within Middle Transnistria. The comparative-geographical approach allowed to investigate the spatial differences of regional constructive-geographical research in the economic activity of local communities. Results. It is shown that the peculiar, often unique, nature and landscape of Middle Transnistria is now used irrationally, without taking into account their regional and local specifics. It is noted that constructive and geographical studies have made it possible to develop a plan for the rational use of natural resources of Middle Transnistria by local communities, taking into account their specifics, historical traditions, customs and modern needs. It includes both the restoration of traditional and effective in the past (winemaking, horticulture, mulberry, tobacco production), the reconstruction of modern individual industries and the development of new ones (recreation, extreme tourism, modern crafts). Taking into account regional and local peculiarities of natural conditions and resources not only of Middle Transnistria, but also of any region of Ukraine is one of the directions to the prosperity of local communities, preservation and rational use of nature and landscape of their territories.

Dr. J. M. Bell, FRGS: A Canadian Auxiliary Geographer in New Zealand

Using Hodder’s notion of “biography as method,” this paper examines the geographical endeavours of James Mackintosh Bell, Director of the New Zealand Geological Survey from 1905 to 1911, in New Zealand and Canada. Canadian born, Harvard trained, Bell has a significant place in the history of geology in New Zealand and mining geology in Canada, yet much of his writing was explicitly geographical in orientation. This essay analyses this body of work and its significance and limitations in adding to and disseminating knowledge of the geography of NZ, particularly. Bell credentialed himself geographically as a Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society (FRGS). The FRGS were important builders of geographical knowledge in NZ from the 1850s up to the establishment of university geography in the 1930s when formal geographical research commenced. Geologists were a numerically significant group amongst the NZ FRGS, distinctive in that they held university qualifications, and Bell was particularly wide ranging in his geographical interests.

Doing community geography

Community Geography offers researchers, community groups, and students opportunities to engage in action oriented applied geographical research. Creating and sustaining these research programs can be challenging, programs can involve many partners from both academic and the community, have different goals and purposes, and utilize a variety of methods to perform research. In this paper we offer a framework of three primary overarching principles for implementing CG projects; (1) Who, (2) Why, and (3) How. (1) “Who” describes who is involved in CG, including researchers, community partners, academic institutions, (2) “Why” describes the justifications and benefits of taking this approach. (3) “How” explains how CG borrows methodologies from many disciplines within geography and beyond. Our examples are not exhaustive; rather, they serve as starting points to inspire researchers interested in CG.

Paradigm Shifts in Geographical Research and Geospatial Applications

Geography enlightened a vast area of social sciences. It consists earth’s land and ocean surface, different landforms and their formation, evolution, sub-surface phenomena, atmosphere and related activities, environment and its attributes, environment as a habitat of living elements as well as a human being and their reciprocal relationships in a very critical and analytical approach. From the inception of geography as a separate discipline, it evolved through its versatile, comprehensive and holistic nature. Alteration and modification change its nature through space and time. And accordingly, the established paradigm always changed depending on the demand of the geographers. This paper highlighted specifically the paradigm shift in geographical research with special reference to geospatial applications. Geography has two basic aspects, Pure and Applied. Recent trend shows that most of the geographical research is focused on the applied field rather than the pure aspects of the subject itself. The most interesting fact is that the applied research is basically depends upon the Geospatial technology. A distinct paradigm shifts have been taking place in both the Geographical Research and the Geospatial Technology through Digitalization. The large growing population of the world require a logical and scientific shift in both pure and applied research in the domain of geography. Particular mention may be made in the fields of Geography such as geomorphology, population geography, urban geography, rural development and environmental geography. This paper also highlights the major paradigmn shifts in the behavioural geography, systematic geography, regional geography, medical geography, geospatial sustainability and cartography from paper map to digital map. It is now established that no discipline can survive without adopting a new strategy and technology.

Dynamics Of Soil-Geographical Research In The Fergana Valley (1918-1945)

The article describes, in detail, the dynamical development of soil and geographical research conducted in the Fergana Valley in 1918-1945. Exactly at those years the comprehensivestudy introduction of the soils of the Fergana Valley was scientifically substantiated by the prevalence of different soils in the region, and specific scientific ideas were developed. The article describes in detail the growing geo-ecological significance of soil in the process of geographical research conducted in 1918-1945 and describes its scientific results.

Natural Geographical Research In The Fergana Valley

The article describes the study of the components of nature in the Fergana Valley in the second half of the twentieth century, based on its stage of development in space and time, in the fourth quarter of the twentieth century, the geoecological significance of studying in the Fergana Valley. The dynamics and scientific results of complex natural geographical researches carried out during the 2000s are described.