Symmetry Breaking of a Time-2D Space Fractional Wave Equation in a Complex Domain

(1) Background: symmetry breaking (self-organized transformation of symmetric stats) is a global phenomenon that arises in an extensive diversity of essentially symmetric physical structures. We investigate the symmetry breaking of time-2D space fractional wave equation in a complex domain; (2) Methods: a fractional differential operator is used together with a symmetric operator to define a new fractional symmetric operator. Then by applying the new operator, we formulate a generalized time-2D space fractional wave equation. We shall utilize the two concepts: subordination and majorization to present our results; (3) Results: we obtain different formulas of analytic solutions using the geometric analysis. The solution suggests univalent (1-1) in the open unit disk. Moreover, under certain conditions, it was starlike and dominated by a chaotic function type sine. In addition, the authors formulated a fractional time wave equation by using the Atangana–Baleanu fractional operators in terms of the Riemann–Liouville and Caputo derivatives.

Difference formula defined by a new differential symmetric operator for a class of meromorphically multivalent functions

Symmetric operators have benefited in different fields not only in mathematics but also in other sciences. They appeared in the studies of boundary value problems and spectral theory. In this note, we present a new symmetric differential operator associated with a special class of meromorphically multivalent functions in the punctured unit disk. This study explores some of its geometric properties. We consider a new class of analytic functions employing the suggested symmetric differential operator.

Perturbation of the spectra of complex symmetric operators

An operator T on a complex Hilbert space H is called complex symmetric if T has a symmetric matrix representation relative to some orthonormal basis for H. This paper focuses on the perturbation theory for the spectra of complex symmetric operators. We prove that each complex symmetric operator on a complex separable Hilbert space has a small compact perturbation being complex symmetric and having the single-valued extension property. Also it is proved that each complex symmetric operator on a complex separable Hilbert space has a small compact perturbation being complex symmetric and satisfying generalized Weyl?s theorem.

Applications of $ q $-difference symmetric operator in harmonic univalent functions

<abstract><p>In this paper, for the first time, we apply symmetric $ q $ -calculus operator theory to define symmetric Salagean $ q $-differential operator. We introduce a new class $ \widetilde{\mathcal{H}}_{q}^{m}\left(\alpha \right) $ of harmonic univalent functions $ f $ associated with newly defined symmetric Salagean $ q $-differential operator for complex harmonic functions. A sufficient coefficient condition for the functions $ f $ to be sense preserving and univalent and in the same class is obtained. It is proved that this coefficient condition is necessary for the functions in its subclass $ \overline{\widetilde{\mathcal{H}}_{q}^{m}\left(\alpha \right) } $ and obtain sharp coefficient bounds, distortion theorems and covering results. Furthermore, we also highlight some known consequence of our main results.</p></abstract>

Self-Adjoint Extensions with Friedrichs Lower Bound

We produce a simple criterion and a constructive recipe to identify those self-adjoint extensions of a lower semi-bounded symmetric operator on Hilbert space which have the same lower bound as the Friedrichs extension. Applications of this abstract result to a few instructive examples are then discussed.

Phase-field approximation for a class of cohesive fracture energies with an activation threshold

We study the Γ-limit of Ambrosio–Tortorelli-type functionals {D_{\varepsilon}(u,v)}, whose dependence on the symmetrised gradient {e(u)} is different in {\mathbb{A}u} and in {e(u)-\mathbb{A}u}, for a {\mathbb{C}}-elliptic symmetric operator {\mathbb{A}}, in terms of the prefactor depending on the phase-field variable v. The limit energy depends both on the opening and on the surface of the crack, and is intermediate between the Griffith brittle fracture energy and the one considered by Focardi and Iurlano [Asymptotic analysis of Ambrosio–Tortorelli energies in linearized elasticity, SIAM J. Math. Anal. 46 2014, 4, 2936–2955]. In particular, we prove that G(S)BD functions with bounded {\mathbb{A}}-variation are (S)BD.