Curved display based on programming origami tessellations

Curved displays have recently become very popular, with wide applications for both industry and consumers. However, built upon initially flat films, most flexible displays are often incompatible with general nondevelopable surfaces. In this paper, we report a method for producing curved displays of nondevelopable shapes by using a structure-mechanics-inspired functional optimization method to design tessellation patterns that fold into the desired shapes. Representative displays in spherical and saddle shapes are demonstrated. The microfabrication process is employed for manufacturing 2D flexible foldable circuit boards, pick-and-place technology is used for placing illuminant elements onto the boards, and mold guidance is used for folding 2-D sheets into curved 3D display prototypes. The proposed technology is feasible for mass production and advances the application of next-generation curved displays.

ADMINISTRATIVE-TERRITORIAL REFORM: TRANSFORMATION OF LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT IN THE REGIONAL CONTEXT (A CASE STUDY OF THE UDMURT REPUBLIC)

Within the framework of this article, the transformation of local self-government in the regional context (on the example of the Udmurt Republic) is considered with some reservations. Two main tasks of the administrative-territorial reform are identified: the unification of municipal districts into enlarged municipal districts; and the level-by-level reconfiguration of management processes based on functional optimization. It is proposed to create six enlarged municipal districts in the Udmurt Republic. Mixed municipal areas are identified as a result of the combination of urban settlements and rural areas. Excessive administrative-territorial management in relation to rural areas of the Udmurt Republic is revealed. An enlarged scheme of functional optimization of administrative processes of administrative-territorial management is proposed. Quantitative optimization and qualitative (functional) optimization of administrative-territorial management are distinguished. The necessity of a single digital management platform as the basis of administrative-territorial reform is shown. The transition from a fractal management system to an antifractal management system is proposed through the functional optimization of management processes, in relation to which administrative and territorial management should be built. The necessity of compliance of administrative-territorial reform with digital management is shown. Brief examples of functional optimization in relation to regional educational social processes and in relation to regional agricultural social processes are given. The possible reduction of budget expenditures by 5.8 billion rubles relative to the expenditures of the consolidated budget of the Udmurt Republic for 2019 is calculated, which is 5.99 % of this budget in the traditional version of the regional reconfiguration of management processes

Mean–Variance Portfolio Management with Functional Optimization

This paper introduces a new functional optimization approach to portfolio optimization problems by treating the unknown weight vector as a function of past values instead of treating them as fixed unknown coefficients in the majority of studies. We first show that the optimal solution, in general, is not a constant function. We give the optimal conditions for a vector function to be the solution, and hence give the conditions for a plug-in solution (replacing the unknown mean and variance by certain estimates based on past values) to be optimal. After showing that the plug-in solutions are sub-optimal in general, we propose gradient-ascent algorithms to solve the functional optimization for mean–variance portfolio management with theorems for convergence provided. Simulations and empirical studies show that our approach can perform significantly better than the plug-in approach.

Functional Optimization of Radionuclide Pairs in Theranostics of Prostate Cancer

The functional optimization of the composition of radiopharmaceutical pairs based on the prostatespecific membrane antigen (PSMA) for the radionuclide theranostics of castration-resistant prostate cancer was carried out. The analysis of radiation-physical and dosimetric characteristics of 9 radionuclides for diagnostic components of theranostic pairs and 6 radionuclides for therapeutic components is carried out. It was shown that positron-emitting radionuclides 18F and 68Ga should be considered optimal for the diagnosis and monitoring of the effectiveness of theranostics, and 177Lu beta-emitting radionuclide and 225Ac alphabeta-emitting radionuclide should be considered as the radionuclide therapy. The values of the total and organ radiation risks of secondary radiation-induced cancers in patients who have completed several courses of theranostics are calculated. It is shown that for 2 teranostic pairs based on 177Lu‑PSMA the radiation risk is higher than significant, while for 2 teranostic pairs based on 225Ac the risk falls within the range of a significant level. The calculated radiological criteria for discharge of patients after a course of theranostics from nuclear medicine departments show the fundamental possibility of performing an outpatient treatment regimen using any of the 4 considered theranostic pairs.

BED FUND OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION: DYNAMICS OF ITS MAIN INDICATORS

Despite the fact that the process of structural and functional optimization of the hospital bed fund is currently underway, the basis for the provision of medical care remains the assistance provided in around the clock and day time hospitals, which is the most costly because it requires the constant involvement of a large amount of staff, material, technical, financial and other types of resources. The main indicators of the bed fund in around the clock and daily stay hospitals in the Russian Federation, Federal District and regions in dynamics for 2010-2018, as well as mortality in around the clock hospitals, are analyzed using descriptive statistics. In the Russian Federation from 2010 to 2018 the absolute number of hospitals decreased from 5705 to 4323 (by 24.2%), both due to the reduction in the number of hospital beds and in connection with the unification of medical organizations. At the same time, the number of round-the-clock beds decreased from 1250120 to 1044875 (by 16.4%); provision with hospital beds decreased (from 87.5 to 71.1 per 10,000 population - by 18.7%), the average treatment duration (from 12.6 days to 10.7 - by 15.1%) and, unfortunately, average bed occupancy per year (from 325 to 313 days - by 3.7%). In 2018, the extreme values of the indicator of hospitalization rate for 24-hour hospital beds in the regions of the Russian Federation differ 1.8 times, provision with hospital beds - 2.9 times, average bed occupancy per year - 1.2 times, average treatment duration - 1 8 times. The established differences may indicate an imbalance in the ongoing structural transformations. The overall mortality rate in the Russian Federation increased: from 1.5% in 2010 to 1.9% in 2018 (by 28.4%), a similar trend was observed in all regions. The provision of beds in day care hospitals increased from 15.4 per 10,000 in 2010 to 17.0 in 2018 (10.7%). Multidirectional tendencies are noted, both towards increasing and decreasing the number of places in day hospitals, both in the Federal Districts as a whole and in individual regions. The extreme values of the indicator of the provision of places for day care hospitals in the regions of the Russian Federation differ by 30 times, what reflects the disproportionate organization of a network of day care hospitals in the country's regions. During the observation period in the Russian Federation, the level of hospitalization in round-the-clock hospitals decreased from 222.0 to 203.5 per 1000 population (by 8.3%), while the level of hospitalizations in day care hospitals steadily increased from 26.4 to 35.0 per 1,000 (32.8%), what indicates the implementation of the expected hospital-replacing function of day care in the country as a whole. The issue of further structural and functional optimization of the hospital bed fund of the country remains relevant.