air ambulances
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Author(s):  
J. Jeyanathan ◽  
D. Bootland ◽  
A. Al-Rais ◽  
J. Leung ◽  
J. Wijesuriya ◽  
...  

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic has placed exceptional demand on Intensive Care Units, necessitating the critical care transfer of patients on a regional and national scale. Performing these transfers required specialist expertise and involved moving patients over significant distances. Air Ambulance Kent Surrey Sussex created a designated critical care transfer team and was one of the first civilian air ambulances in the United Kingdom to move ventilated COVID-19 patients by air. We describe the practical set up of such a service and the key lessons learned from the first 50 transfers. Methods Retrospective review of air critical care transfer service set up and case review of first 50 transfers. Results We describe key elements of the critical care transfer service, including coordination and activation; case interrogation; workforce; training; equipment; aircraft modifications; human factors and clinical governance. A total of 50 missions are described between 18 December 2020 and 1 February 2021. 94% of the transfer missions were conducted by road. The mean age of these patients was 58 years (29–83). 30 (60%) were male and 20 (40%) were female. The mean total mission cycle (time of referral until the time team declared free at receiving hospital) was 264 min (range 149–440 min). The mean time spent at the referring hospital prior to leaving for the receiving unit was 72 min (31–158). The mean transfer transit time between referring and receiving units was 72 min (9–182). Conclusion Critically ill COVID-19 patients have highly complex medical needs during transport. Critical care transfer of COVID-19-positive patients by civilian HEMS services, including air transfer, can be achieved safely with specific planning, protocols and precautions. Regional planning of COVID-19 critical care transfers is required to optimise the time available of critical care transfer teams.


Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (22) ◽  
pp. 7536
Author(s):  
Sabrina Islam Muna ◽  
Srijita Mukherjee ◽  
Kamesh Namuduri ◽  
Marc Compere ◽  
Mustafa Ilhan Akbas ◽  
...  

Air corridors are an integral part of the advanced air mobility infrastructure. They are the virtual highways in the sky for the transportation of people and cargo in a controlled airspace at an altitude of around 1000 ft. to 2000 ft. above ground level. These corridors will be utilized by (unmanned) air taxis, which will be deployed in rural and metropolitan regions to carry passengers and freight, as well as air ambulances, which will be deployed to offer first responder services such as 911 emergencies. This paper presents fundamental insights into the design of air corridors with high operational efficiency as well as zero collisions. It begins with the definitions of air cube, skylane or track, intersection, vertiport, gate, and air corridor. Then a multi-layered air corridor model is proposed. Traffic at intersections is analyzed in detail with examples of vehicles turning in different directions. The concept of capacity of an air corridor is introduced along with the nature of distribution of locations of vehicles in the air corridor and collision probability inside the corridor are discussed. Finally, results of traffic flow simulations are presented.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jey Jeyanathan ◽  
Duncan Bootland ◽  
Andrew Al-Rais ◽  
Jonathan Leung ◽  
Julian Wijesuriya ◽  
...  

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic has placed exceptional demand on Intensive Care Units, necessitating the critical care transfer of patients on a regional and national scale. Performing these transfers required specialist expertise and involved moving patients over significant distances. Air Ambulance Kent Surrey Sussex (AAKSS) created a designed critical care transfer team and was one of the first civilian air ambulances in the United Kingdom to move ventilated COVID-19 patients by air. We describe the practical set up of such a service and the key lessons learned from the first 50 transfers. Methods Retrospective review of air critical care transfer service set up and case review of first 50 transfers. Results We describe key elements of the critical care transfer service, including coordination and activation; case interrogation; workforce; training; equipment; aircraft modifications; human factors and clinical governance. A total of 50 missions are described between 18 December 2020 and 1 February 2021. The mean age of these patients was 58 years (29–83). 30 (60%) were male and 20 (40%) were female. The mean total mission cycle (time of referral until the time team declared free at receiving hospital) was 264 minutes (range 149–440 min). The mean time spent at the referring hospital prior to leaving for the receiving unit was 72 minutes (31–158). The mean transfer transit time between referring and receiving units was 72 minutes (9–182). Conclusion Critically ill COVID-19 patients have highly complex medical needs during transport. Critical care transfer of COVID-19-positive patients by civilian HEMS services, including air-transfer, can be achieved safely with specific planning, protocols and pre-cautions. Regional planning of COVID-19 critical care transfers is required to optimise the time available of critical care transfer teams.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noriaki YAMADA ◽  
Yuichiro KITAGAWA ◽  
Takahiro YOSHIDA ◽  
Sho NACHI ◽  
Hideshi OKADA ◽  
...  

Abstract Background:Some emergency departments use triage scales, such as the Canadian Triage and Acuity Scale and the JUST, to detect the status of life-threatening situations. However, these triage systems have not been used for aeromedical services in Japan. Therefore, we investigated these profiles and conducted a pilot study.Method:We retrospectively evaluated the helicopter emergency medical service cases from 1 April 2015 to 31 March 2020 at Gifu University Hospital using our mission record. In this study, we only evaluated cases that dealt with internal medicine. We excluded cases that were influenced by external factors such as trauma or cases that included hospital-to-hospital transportation, focusing only on prehospital care. We evaluated the validity of medical emergencies such as emergency interventions and the necessity of hospital admission. In addition, we evaluated the validity of the suggested diagnoses and the associated risk factors.Result:A total of 451 cases were suitable for inclusion in the study. In the analysis for all emergency calls, 235 (52.11%) needed emergency intervention and 300 (64.4%) required hospital admission. The suggested diagnosis was valid for 261 (57.87%) cases. After the first assessment by emergency medical technicians (EMTs), 75 cases were removed from the analysis.Therefore, the results of the analysis for all emergency calls requiring emergency intervention were: 52.31%, need admission: 70.26%, and the suggested diagnosis was valid for 69.41% of cases. Results of a multivariate analysis of some key variables identified risk factors for emergency intervention, namely, age, under sports, and gasping. Hospital admission risk factors are being years old only. The suggested diagnosis was only valid in under sports situations.In the first analysis, the risk factors for emergency intervention are years old, being male, under sports, and gasping, and for hospital admission they are years old, being male, detecting stroke symptoms, and disturbance of consciousness. The suggested diagnosis was only valid in under sports situations.Conclusion:There are some “second” keywords/phrases that predict medical emergencies. Therefore, the dispatch commander should gather these keyword/phrases to assess.


Author(s):  
François-Xavier DUCHATEAU ◽  
Eugene DELAUNE ◽  
Eric VANHALEWYN ◽  
Anne LEPETIT

Stroke ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L Patterson ◽  
Wendy Dusenbury ◽  
Thomas G Devlin ◽  
Ansley Stanfill ◽  
Georgios K Tsivgoulis ◽  
...  

Background: Transfer times from primary stroke centers/acute stroke ready hospitals (PSCs/ASRHs) to higher levels of care have been shown to be excessive in many cases, promoting some to believe that bypass regulations should be instituted. Yet barriers to rapid transfer remain undescribed in the literature. The purpose of this work is to investigate these issues and the locus of control for transfer time delays. Methods: Six national focus groups with PSC/ASRH staff experienced with stroke transfers were conducted by web conference. Interviews were conducted using pre-scripted open-ended questions; information was recorded, and data were transcribed, for theme identification. Results: Participants were from Northeast, Mid-Atlantic, Southeast, Midwest, and West Coast USA. Data were grouped into 3 main categories representing where transfer problems initiated. Themes emerging within the Internal PSC/ASRH Category were exclusively emergency department (ED) physician focused including knowing how/when to use advanced imaging and telemedicine resources. Of note, all participants were compliant with door-to-CT and treatment time metrics. Within the Transport Category , themes included inadequate time-to-response by ground and air ambulances, and specialty transport costs. Within the Internal Comprehensive Stroke Center (CSC) Category , themes included complex communication, overwhelmed systems, and poor guidance on patient selection. Conclusions: While ED physician contributors to transfer delays are within the control of PSCs/ASRHs, more challenging factors to rapid transfer include factors within transport systems and CSCs themselves. Quantification of these factors is warranted to support transfer system redesign with rapid access to care.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuke Mihara ◽  
Payuhavorakulchai Pawnlada ◽  
Aki Nakamoto ◽  
Tsubasa Nakamura ◽  
Masaru Nakano

Array ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 100047
Author(s):  
Joseph Tassone ◽  
Salimur Choudhury

Array ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 100031 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Tassone ◽  
Geoffrey Pond ◽  
Salimur Choudhury
Keyword(s):  

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 263-268
Author(s):  
Stian Mohrsen

The COVID-19 pandemic is so widespread that any patient in the prehospital environment is considered a significant transmission risk. UK charity air ambulances are affected by challenges regarding air equipment decontamination, staff redeployment and acquisition of personal protective equipment. This has led services to change their mode of operation and contribute to other areas of healthcare that have sprung up in response to the pandemic. Implementing adapted processes and assuming a clear clinical approach can help prevent transmission and uphold service integrity.


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