immigrants and refugees
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2022 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
pp. 258-271
Author(s):  
Paulina Górska ◽  
Anna Stefaniak ◽  
Marta Marchlewska ◽  
Joanna Matera ◽  
Piotr Kocyba ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Yecai Liu ◽  
Drew L Posey ◽  
Quanhe Yang ◽  
Michelle S Weinberg ◽  
Susan A. Maloney ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Juan Carlos Martín ◽  
Alessandro Indelicato

AbstractThe current refugees’ crisis is undermining the main government coalitions of many countries in the European Union (EU), and tolerant attitudes and open admission policies toward immigrants seem to be part of the recent past history. The dilemma is gaining a lot of media attention as the public and political debate on migration is now playing an important role in all the European elections. Thus, the aim of this paper twofold. First, an analytical tool is developed to measure two synthetic indicators: (1) the citizens’ openness towards immigration for 23 countries—18 EU Countries, plus Iceland, Israel, Norway, Switzerland, and Russia—included in the 2016 European Social Survey; and (2) the citizens’ openness towards immigrants and refugees for 22 countries (same set without Hungary). And second, the effects of political orientation of citizens over the last synthetic indicator (immigrants and refugees) are studied. The approach of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) will be adopted here, with the purpose of identifying which countries are more, or less, open to the phenomenon of immigration and refugees. The results show that the Nordic countries and leftist are those which show more openness to immigration and refugees.


2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Michael Camp

Abstract This essay examines Representative John Lewis's engagement with the 1987 uprising of Cuban immigrant detainees held in Atlanta's federal penitentiary, which occurred near the beginning of Lewis's time in Congress. Cuban prisoners at the penitentiary took control of the institution and detained several hostages in order to forestall their deportation back to Cuba. After the uprising ended, in contrast to other public figures who advocated harsh punitive treatment, Lewis urged mercy and compassion for the prisoners. Lewis's involvement in the story revealed his underlying understanding of human rights, which he connected to his experiences in the civil rights movement of the 1960s. This broad conception of human rights shaped his engagement with issues of immigration throughout the remainder of his congressional career, especially during the administration of President Donald Trump. Lewis's engagement with issues of immigration is also especially noteworthy in light of metro Atlanta's emergence as a key site for the settlement of immigrants and refugees from around the world, which continues to shape the politics of the metro area.


2021 ◽  
pp. 136346152110480
Author(s):  
Sarah Gillespie ◽  
Jeffrey P. Winer ◽  
Osob Issa ◽  
B. Heidi Ellis

Acculturation styles have important associations with future adjustment among immigrants and refugees, yet less is known about the individual and interpersonal factors that influence the strategy an individual adopts. High rates of discrimination may signal the receiving community’s rejection of one’s ethnic group, increasing pressure to assimilate and suppress one’s heritage identity. Within a sample of Somali young adults (18–30, N = 185) resettled in North America, this study tested whether two acculturation styles (assimilation and integration) longitudinally mediate the relation between discrimination and three mental health outcomes (i.e., anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder), and whether gender moderated these relations. Discrimination had a direct, positive relation with future mental health symptoms for females, which was not mediated by acculturation strategy. By contrast, the association between discrimination and mental health outcomes for males was fully mediated by increased endorsement of assimilation, but not integration. Experiences of marginalization may erode connections to both the Somali community and to the nation of resettlement, which have been identified as particularly strong protective forces within this community. Interventions targeted at the receiving community to reduce the rates of discrimination toward immigrants and refugees and interventions to strengthen youth’s sense of belonging in both the predominant culture and their culture of origin may improve transdiagnostic mental health outcomes.


Author(s):  
Dr. Rita Dhungel

1026 immigrants and refugees tested positive for HIV (IRLWH) in Canada in 2018 (Haddad, et al, 2019). IRLWH experience discriminatory behaviors because of because of the immigration and HIV status; culturally appropriate supports and resources for IRLWH are lacking. Financial difficulties are experienced by many new immigrants, they may be unable to meet their health care or mental health needs, particularly if they are IRLWH (Chen et al., 2015). Language barriers, loss of social support and a lack of health coverage can impact the ability for IRLWH to access care (Rapid Response Service, 2014). There can be stigma surrounding HIV within the cultural community, impacting the level of support for IRLWH (Rapid Response Service, 2014). IRLWH experience mistreatment by service providers, lack of culturally and linguistically appropriate services, lack of awareness of local programs, unemployment and housing issues in Canada (Chen et al., 2015; Gatteri et al., 2020). To augment the limited extant knowledge on the challenges of IRLWH and based on the implications of a study that claimed the need for a further research exploring the voices of IRLWH using photovoice (Getteri, et.al., 2020), this community based photovoice study was designed with an aim to understand intersectional oppressions experienced by IRLWH across Alberta in general, with a focus on the COVID-19 pandemic in particular from determinants of health perspectives. Keywords: Immigrants and Refugees; HIV, Photovoice, Intersectional Violence, Mental Health


2021 ◽  
pp. 233150242110357
Author(s):  
Donald Kerwin ◽  
Daniela Alulema

Over the last five years, the Center for Migration Studies of New York (CMS) has conducted four surveys of Catholic immigrant-serving institutions, programs, and ministries in the United States. These surveys identify the multi-faceted needs of immigrants and refugees, and examine the successes and challenges of Catholic institutions in responding to them. CMS administered its most recent survey, the Catholic Refugee and Immigrant Service Integration Survey (the “CRISIS Survey”) from December 14, 2020 through February 5, 2021. This survey explored the work of Catholic institutions during the Trump administration and the COVID-19 pandemic. The CRISIS Survey documents the reach, diversity, and productivity of Catholic institutions that worked with immigrants and refugees during a pandemic that particularly devastated their communities and an administration whose policies and rhetoric made their work far more difficult. At a time of rampant “Catholic decline” narratives, the survey also documents the reach, vitality, and relevance of Catholic immigrant-serving institutions. It identifies the obstacles encountered by immigrants in accessing Catholic programs and ministries — both organizational (funding, staffing, and siting) and exogenous (federal policies, the pandemic, and community opposition). It underscores the threat posed by US immigration policies to immigrants and to the work of Catholic institutions. Survey respondents reported that they offered new services during this period, such as: Financial assistance for families, particularly those at risk of losing housing or utilities. COVID-19 testing, education, contact tracing, and quarantine services. Mental health services. Grief support and assistance with funeral expenses. Delivery of food and sanitation supplies for infected and other homebound persons. Voter registration and Census promotion activities. Virtually all respondents provided services remotely during the pandemic. Many reported on difficulties faced by immigrants in accessing their services, due to poor internet connections, limited computer access, and lack of communications technology and training. Respondents identified several factors that negatively affected immigrants’ access to their services pre-pandemic. As in previous CMS surveys, these factors included lack of immigration status, negative community attitudes toward immigrants, fear of apprehension (particularly after traffic stops) and deportation, public transportation deficiencies, stigma over receipt of mental health services, and identification requirements to access public benefits. Respondents also reported on obstacles in working with immigrants during the pandemic. These included the pandemic itself, limited funding, demand that outpaced resources, government restrictions on relief and benefit eligibility, and (particularly for students) living arrangements, work, and family caretaking responsibilities. Respondents overwhelmingly believed that immigration enforcement, tied to fear of deportation, very negatively or somewhat negatively affected participation in their services and programs. In Catholic terms, they reported that nativist immigration policies, rhetoric, and media sources interfered with their practice of discipleship. One respondent stated, “Fear of ICE and round-ups, locally in our state and nationally, along with negative immigration rhetoric from the out-going president have made our clients very fearful to access services they rightly qualify for.” A healthcare provider reported that immigrants were “avoiding or delaying seeking treatment for COVID-19 for fear of apprehension and/or deportation.” Many said that enforcement partnerships between Immigration and Customs Enforcement and states and localities made immigrants fearful of reporting crimes or accessing government facilities. One said that potential sponsors feared coming forward to reunify with children. Respondents also cited as problems delays in family reunification, barriers to asylum-seekers entering the United States, decreased refugee admissions, and the Trump administration's rule on the public charge ground of inadmissibility. The report recommends that Catholic institutions take stock of the creative new programs, skills and capacities that they have developed during the pandemic and build on them. It also recommends that scholars and researchers prioritize independent, person-centered research that critically analyzes the work of Catholic immigrant-serving institutions. Such research would ask whether these institutions, in the words of Pope Francis, are putting “the person at the center, in his or her many aspects” and honoring the “fundamental equality” of every person. It would draw on the perspectives of immigrants served by Catholic institutions to examine the degree to which these institutions advance the rights, participation, and wellbeing of immigrants and their families in US society. Finally, it would analyze how Catholic institutions work with each other — within Arch/dioceses, regionally, nationally, and across these realms — in response to the cross-cutting needs of immigrants. The report recommends that Catholic institutions develop programmatic plans to ensure that immigrants can return to or can continue to access their programs and ministries as the pandemic subsides. These plans will need to combine communication strategies, financial support, and services such as transportation and childcare. In addition, Catholic institutions should make it a high priority to ensure that immigrants can access the infrastructure, platforms, and training that will allow them to access virtual services. They should also develop strategies to engage Catholics who do not understand, who ignore, or who work at cross-purposes to Catholic teaching and policy positions in this area. Finally, they should redouble their work with the administration and Congress to reform US immigration laws, and with states and localities to promote welcoming and inclusive communities.


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