From Vitruvius to the Science Of Drawing Daniele Barbaro’s Concept of “Scaenographia”

Daniele Barbaro’s treatise on perspective is one of the most authoritative technical-scientific sources of the sixteenth century. Although largely based on the unpublished work of Piero della Francesca, the treatise had the precise and original purpose of filling a gap in the Vitruvian text about the contents of the so-called ‘scaenographia’, a discipline based on optical geometry of which Vitruvius provided only meagre and sibylline words. The subdivision of the treatise, examined here into the individual parts that constitute it, follows a clearly Vitruvian structure, with the first three parts dedicated to ichnographia (perspective drawing of plans), orthographaia (perspective drawing of solid bodies) and scaenographia (perspective drawing of the buildings and their ornaments), and with two other parts specifically dedicated to the measurements of the human body and to the drawing of the planisphere, themes treated by Vitruvius respectively in the third and ninth books of De architectura. In this sense, La pratica della perspettiva, published in 1568, should be considered as an integral text of the most authoritative commentary on Vitruvius’ I Dieci libri dell’architettura, published in 1556 and 1567.

Weak deflection angle by asymptotically flat black holes in Horndeski theory using Gauss–Bonnet theorem

The principal objective of this project is to investigate the gravitational lensing by asymptotically flat black holes in the framework of Horndeski theory in weak field limits. To achieve this objective, we utilize the Gauss–Bonnet theorem to the optical geometry of asymptotically flat black holes and apply the Gibbons–Werner technique to achieve the deflection angle of photons in weak field limits. Subsequently, we manifest the influence of plasma medium on deflection of photons by asymptotically flat black holes in the context of Horndeski theory. We also examine the graphical impact of deflection angle on asymptotically flat black holes in the background of Horndeski theory in plasma medium as well as non-plasma medium.

Optical Geometry

An intrinsic 2-spinor approach to the geometry of optical bundles yields a description of electromagnetic radiation which will turn out to be relevant in the construction of free-photon states.

Framing Infinity in Tarkovsky’s Nostalghia

This chapter discusses how Tarkovsky’s Nostalghia (1983) organizes its mise-en-scene to frame a relationship with mental and spatial infinity that speaks to timelessness, fluid immobility, and spiraled untraversability. By employing Aristotle’s terminology, the author demonstrates how Tarkovsky represents space as unfolded becoming through tableaux vivants and superimpositions of architectures. In support of this argument, the author turns to optical geometry, theories of painting, and architectural framings. The chapter also discusses an excess of vision in the film that parallels its treatment of time and space. In opposition to traditional notions of cinema as Cartesian monocular vision, the author maintains, Tarkovsky values curved, non-mechanical perspectives that align with Lyotard’s theories of painting and theater architecture.

Weak Deflection Angle by Asymptotically Flat Black Holes in Horndeski Theory Using Gauss-Bonnet Theorem

The principal objective of this project is to investigate the gravitational lensing by asymptotically flat black holes in the framework of Horndeski theory in weak field limits. To achieve this objective, we utilize the Gauss-Bonnet theorem to the optical geometry of asymptotically flat black holes and applying the Gibbons-Werner technique to achieve the deflection angle of photons in weak field limits. Subsequently, we manifest the influence of plasma medium on deflection of photons by asymptotically flat black holes in the context of Horndeski theory. We also examine the graphical impact of deflection angle on asymptotically flat black holes in the background of Horndeski theory in plasma as well as non-plasma medium.