The Study of Placental Vascularization Using Type AGO II Plastic Substances

Placental blood circulation has certain features that allow the exchange of nutrients between the maternal and fetus blood, respectively allow exchanges of nutrients between the mother and the fetus. We studied 50 human placentas. The method used in the case of our study is a standardized method of the Laboratory of Anatomy and Embryology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, for over 50 years. The making of corrosion concoction followed the recipe of the laboratory using type AGO II plastic substances, differently coloured and then subjected to the corrosive action of hydrochloric acid. The model of corrosion preparations showed the distributions known as dichotomic and magisterial distribution. The normal development of placenta remains a major factor in the growth and development of the fetus, and maternal-fetal vasculature in the placenta is essential in this regard.

Corrosion behaviour of reinforced concrete constructions in acid aggressive environments: case studies, laboratory tests and corrosion mechanisms

The paper presents the results of research on the corrosion behaviour of reinforced concrete elements which compose the bearing structure of some constructions subjected to the corrosive action of acid aggressive agents, after a long-term service in a strongly aggressive environment. To evaluate the damage state of reinforced concrete elements/constructions, both “in situ” investigation of constructions and laboratory tests on concrete samples extracted from some elements damaged by corrosion, using a specific investigation methodology were performed. The results of the research revealed the existence of a severe corrosion-induced damage of the structural elements, which affected the resistance, stability and durability of the constructions. Based on case studies on the service behaviour of reinforced concrete elements, there are pointed out the specific damages generated by the corrosive action of the acid aggressive agents, the causes of their occurrence and presents considerations on the mechanisms of the corrosion processes of concrete and steel reinforcement in acid aggressive environments. Finally, there were proposed intervention measures in order to assure normal service conditions of the reinforced concrete constructions located in such aggressive environments.

КОРОЗІЙНА ДІЯ МИЙНО–ДЕЗІНФІКУЮЧОГО ЗАСОБУ «САН–АКТИВ» НА МЕТАЛЕВІ ПОВЕРХНІ ТЕХНОЛОГІЧНОГО ОБЛАДНАННЯ М’ЯСОПЕРЕРОБНОЇ ГАЛУЗІ

It was developed detergent–sanitizer «San active» for the sanitization of technology equipment for meat processing plants. Active substance of detergent–disinfectant «San active» is the TIME, STEAM, alkali, complexones and corrosion inhibitors. The importance of product development «San active» is that it combines two important features – a washing and disinfection.Previously it was established that means «San active» has good washing properties and shows high bactericidal effect on gram–positive and gram–negative microflora. Bactericidal action of «San active» at 14,8 times is more active compared with phenol, and in the presence in the environment the action of protein substances its activity decreases in 2,3 – 2,4 times. Remedy of 0,5% concentration has bactericidal effect on cells of S. aureus and E. faecalis, which are in the biofilm after 10 minutes of exposure. For the inactivation of cells E. coli and P. aeruginosa, which are in the biofilm, it is necessary that «San active» acted in a concentration not lower than 0,5% and less than 30 minutes. It asw established that the test culture of E. coli and S. aureus are not adapted to solutions of means «San active». A definition of corrosive action of detergent–disinfectant «San active» was designed for sanitary processing of technological equipment at meat processing industry. The degree of corrosion activity was determined by examining the corrosive action of solutions on medium plate, stainless steel, aluminum and galvanized iron, ie metal of construction for process equipment in meat production. It was established that working solutions of 1,0 – 2,0% detergent–disinfectant «San active» are practically not corrosive on stainless steel, because the corrosion was at times less than 200 –66 and 120 – 37 corrosion rate in times less than the acceptable norm. The rate of corrosion of galvanized iron under the influence of 1,0 – 2,0% solution of means «San active» ranged from 0,27 to 0,49 mg/m2 h, that in 2,0 – 5,4 times is higher compared to the effect on stainless steel and 44 – 24 times lower than normal. The rate of corrosion of similar detergent–disinfectants Hlorantoin, Virosan and Bioshaum to galvanized iron ranged from 0,44 to 0,49 mg/m2 h. This indicates the fact that the research variant of means «San active» for the magnitude and speed of corrosion on galvanized iron is not inferior to existing in Ukraine means. The corrosion value of aluminum for the actions of 1,0 – 2,0% solution of means «San active» was 2,2–3,7 times smaller compared to the norm, which refers to the aluminum and corrosion rate was to 1,0% solution of 2,86 mg/m2 h and 2,0% – 4,75 mg/m2 h that in 4,1 – 2,5 times less the standard value.