АНАЛІЗ АЛГОРИТМІВ ПОБУДОВИ НАГРУДНОЇ ВИТОЧКИ В ЖІНОЧОМУ ПЛЕЧОВОМУ ОДЯЗІ

Development of algorithms for designing a bust prominence dart in the construction base (СВ) of the top garments through the construction methodologies using the Julivi CAD means. Methodology: usage of the possibilities provided by the CAD program “Design-development of the basic constructions” by Julivi to prepare basic constructions of the women’s top garments through designing of the separate node using the visual programming method following diff erent construction methodologies. Peculiarities of bust prominence dart design for the construction basis in the women’s top garment using the module “Design-development of basic constructions” by CAD Julivi were studied. Algorithms of bust prominence dart design following diff erent design methodologies for CB of the women’s top garment in CAD Julivi program were provided. Sequence of bust prominence dart design (in accordance with two construction methodologies) using the instruments of visual programming is presented in the form of a table and the description of the construction element building procedure recorded by the CAD Julivi was also provided. Parametric reproduction of the panel front was performed to defi ne the construction quality of the separate element in the basic construction and the quality of schematic drawing areas matching for diff erent construction methodologies was illustrated. Algorithms for more reasonable node building using the instruments from the module “Design-development of basic constructions” by CAD Julivi were off ered.Scientifi c novelty: Created algorithm for reasonable execution of the separate construction mode in the women’s top garment using the CAD program instruments. Process sequence of the bust prominence dart design following diff erent methodologies and using software instruments was analyzed. The practical signifi cance: developed methodological provisioning for the usage of the “Design-development of basic constructions” module by CAD Julivi within the design of the construction sequence for the separate elements of the basic constructions of the women’s top garment and off ered algorithm s for bust prominence dart design using CAD without the processes of the further shoulder cut matching.

MACLOCYCLE FATIGUE OF STRUCTURAL ELEMENT UNDER SOFT LOADING.

In the article the method of calculation of capacity for work construction element of low – cycle deformation diagrams with considering of cyclic instability and unilateral accommodation of plastic deformation.

Finite element model of laminate construction element with multi-phase microstructure

The article describes a method of creating a mesoscale finite element model of a fabric reinforced laminate that replicates the smallest repetitive fragment of its microstructure – RUC (Repetitive Unit Cell). The model takes into account the influence of the number and orientation of layers, the weave of the reinforcement fabric as well as manufacturing technology on the strength and stiffness of the laminate. The constants of the finite elements forming RUC (equivalent cross-sectional parameters, limit values of forces ensuring layer integrity) are determined experimentally by performing uncomplicated tests of specimens of a particular laminate. A special preprocessor was developed to generate the finite element model of the construction element from laminate, which automatically creates the so-called batch file defining the model. The usefulness of the preprocessor was checked by simulating a three-point bending test of a laminate door beam of a passenger car. The obtained calculation results were verified experimentally.

Durability Assessment of Composite Structural Element Reinforced with Fabric due to Delamination

Layer composites reinforced with fabrics – laminates are construction materials in which mechanical properties can be shaped by designing their microstructure appropriately. However, the multi-phase microstructure of laminates makes it difficult to calculate the strength of the laminate constructions, especially when the reinforcement is a fabric. The article presents a special calculation model for determining the strength of an exemplary construction element made of laminate reinforced with a roving fabric with a plain weave made of carbon fibers. The computational model reflected in a simplified way the laminate microstructure, i.e. the number and orientation of the reinforcement fabric layers and its weave, and enabled a simulation of the behavior of the construction element under load up to fracture, which occurred as a result of breaking the reinforcement and interlayer crack – delamination. The simulation results were compared with the results of experimental stand tests. A method of modifying the computational model for laminates reinforced with non-plain weave was also suggested.

New Drawings of the Alhambra: Deformations of Muqarnas in the Pendentives of the Sala de la Barca

Architectural heritage preservation and sustainability need advanced graphic techniques in order to document and understand the disposition/composition of plaster muqarnas, a fragile construction element. The muqarnas are key elements in the Nasrid architecture developed during the 14th century in the Alhambra complex, nowadays part of World Heritage. As a case study, this analysis focuses on the muqarnas pendentives of the Sala de la Barca in the Comares Palace. After examining both explanations and drawings published by architects Jones and Goury from 1842 to 1845, our research provides new drawings (plans and elevations) derived from laser scanner technology. Theoretically, though muqarnas are composed of simple geometrical shapes, these new drawings unveil important deformations hitherto unknown, and which have not been studied yet by other bibliographic references. Finally, we provide some considerations about the causes of these deformations and the monument sustainability across the time and the images’ capacity to show the muqarnas complex shapes in a reliable way.

Structural Value Of Empyak

ABSTRACT Empyak is a part of the traditional building that must be developed to preserve its existence. This paper explores the impact of construction method and structural behavior of empyak. The identification of how structurally work is essential as a primary information to develop the construction of empyak. Initially, a model with scale 1:3 was made to understand structural behavior under the seismic simulation. Some observation will be done to find out the changing of its shape under seismic forces. The results of this research are limited to understand the function of every element in the building stability. The result of the study will be useful for the development of traditional architecture. Empyak not only regards as a construction element but also as a structural element, which is the subject of the study. Keywords: Empyak, structure, construction, bamboo ABSTRAK Empyak adalah salah satu elemen bangunan tradisional Yogyakarta yang perlu dilestarikan. Artikel ini membahas mengenai konstruksi empyak terhadap perilaku struktur bangunan keseluruhannya. Bagaimana empyak bekerja sebagai elemen struktural perlu dipelajari untuk dikembangkan dengan metode yang lebih modern. Pemahaman mengenai perilaku struktur empyak dilakukan dengan pengamatan model konstruksi dibawak berbagai karakter pembebanan. Observasi terhadap model berfungsi untuk mengetahui perubahan bentuk setelah dilakukan pembebanan. Penelitian ini dibatasi pada fungsi-fungsi struktural setiap elemen empyak untuk mendapatkan bangunan yang stabil. Penelitian ini bermanfaat untuk memahami bagaimana nilai-nilai konstruksi dan struktur yang ada dalam konstruksi empyak. Keywords : Empyak, struktur, konstruksi, bambu