DEVELOPMENT OF OPTIONS OF TECHNOLOGICAL SCHEMES PROCESSING OF MAIN TYPES OF GRAIN RAW MATERIALS

The processes of processing of grain raw materials are quite common at food and processing enterprises in Ukraine. This is due to the significant volumes and wide variety of these raw materials, as well as a wide range of semi-finished products and finished products that are obtained from them. In particular, the country's enterprises process such types of grain crops as wheat, barley, rye, corn, oats, rice, sorghum, millet, chumiza, mogar, paiza, buckwheat (buckwheat family), mealy amaranth (amaranth family). Peas, beans, lentils, soybeans and other legumes are also grown in large volumes. All these raw materials come from different farms, in different conditions, in a wide range of varieties and quality, thus, even for the same type of grain raw materials such parameters as the shape and size of grains, their weight, moisture, glassiness, hardness, degree of damage and many others may differ significantly. Depending on the type of products obtained from grain raw materials (flour, cereals, malt, bran, starch, gluten, molasses, alcohol grains, vegetable oil, oilcakes, meal), the technologies for its preliminary processing may have significant differences. The purpose of this work is to develop a methodology for choosing a rational sequence for processing grain raw materials, taking into account the initial quality parameters, conditions of a specific production and criteria for the efficiency of working processes (productivity, energy intensity and quality of finished products). The article also provides options for technological schemes for the preliminary processing of the main types of dry grain raw materials. The proposed sequence for the development of these technological schemes can further serve as the basis for creating a computer program for automated synthesis and analysis of rational options for technological processes for processing dry grain raw materials.

Processing technology and electrical decontamination of bedding manure and litter in ground trenches and bioreactors

The paper presents data on the effect of electric current on the quantitative index of Mucor and Bacillus fungal colonies in bedding litter. It was found that with an increase in direct current to 3A, the quantitative index (%) of Mucor fungal colonies sharply decreases from 45 to 3 (by 42%), and the quantitative index (%) of Bacillus fungal colonies decreases from 70 to 50 (by 20%). Fresh litter has high acidity, and it cannot be used without preliminary processing and electrical decontamination in ground trenches and bioreactors.

The Effect of Measurement Preprocessing intheGravity-Aided Navigation

The paper analyzes the effect of preliminary processing of gravity measurements on the accuracy of the marine gravity-aided navigation. The preliminary processing of the measurements is implemented in the filtering and smoothing modes. Obtained results are illustrated by a one-dimensional example of gravity-aided navigation problem.

System Approach to Solve Measurement Problems of Ballistic-Navigation Support for Spacecraft Flights

The paper considers the methodology of solving measurement tasks of ballistic-navigation support of spacecraft flights using a system approach. The definition of a system approach as a sequential performance of the stages: classification of tasks, determining the degree of structuring of measurement tasks, selecting the method of solution, and development of solution technology is given. Implementation of the research is presented on the example of solving one of the central tasks of ballistic-navigation support: preliminary processing of trajectory measurements of spacecraft. The developed methodology for determining the degree of structuring of measurement tasks allows specifying their place in the list of formalized tasks. The proposed technique for solving measurement tasks within the framework of the system approach permits finding a solution method, which depends on the degree of task structuring, by means of sequential actions.

Initial Dataset Dimension Reduction Using Principal Component Analysis

Any data in an implicit form contain information of interest to the researcher. The purpose of data analysis is to extract this information. The original data may contain redundant elements and noise, distorting these data to one degree or another. Therefore, it seems necessary to subject the data to preliminary processing. Reducing the dimension of the initial data makes it possible to remove interfering factors and present the data in a form suitable for further analysis. The paper considers an approach to reducing the dimensionality of the original data based on principal component analysis.