DEVELOPMENT OF OPTIONS OF TECHNOLOGICAL SCHEMES PROCESSING OF MAIN TYPES OF GRAIN RAW MATERIALS

The processes of processing of grain raw materials are quite common at food and processing enterprises in Ukraine. This is due to the significant volumes and wide variety of these raw materials, as well as a wide range of semi-finished products and finished products that are obtained from them. In particular, the country's enterprises process such types of grain crops as wheat, barley, rye, corn, oats, rice, sorghum, millet, chumiza, mogar, paiza, buckwheat (buckwheat family), mealy amaranth (amaranth family). Peas, beans, lentils, soybeans and other legumes are also grown in large volumes. All these raw materials come from different farms, in different conditions, in a wide range of varieties and quality, thus, even for the same type of grain raw materials such parameters as the shape and size of grains, their weight, moisture, glassiness, hardness, degree of damage and many others may differ significantly. Depending on the type of products obtained from grain raw materials (flour, cereals, malt, bran, starch, gluten, molasses, alcohol grains, vegetable oil, oilcakes, meal), the technologies for its preliminary processing may have significant differences. The purpose of this work is to develop a methodology for choosing a rational sequence for processing grain raw materials, taking into account the initial quality parameters, conditions of a specific production and criteria for the efficiency of working processes (productivity, energy intensity and quality of finished products). The article also provides options for technological schemes for the preliminary processing of the main types of dry grain raw materials. The proposed sequence for the development of these technological schemes can further serve as the basis for creating a computer program for automated synthesis and analysis of rational options for technological processes for processing dry grain raw materials.

PLANNING OF A RATIONAL SEQUENCE OF A COMPLEX OF CONSTRUCTION WORKS TAKING INTO ACCOUNT RESOURCE CONSTRAINTS

The duration of a separate construction process depends on many factors: the number of workers, machines and mechanisms, weather conditions and others. Quantitative characteristics of some of them can be established and accepted from among the possible ones. Such factors are called capacity-type resources (renewable). The need for renewable resources at a certain point in time is characterized by the intensity of their consumption and is expressed by the number of resource units used simultaneously (workers, machines and mechanisms, etc.). The intensity of resource consumption is the main organizational and technological parameter of the construction of buildings, which determines the development of construction processes over time and the duration of the construction of the object as a whole.

Protein engineering of the aldoxime dehydratase from Bacillus sp. OxB-1 based on a rational sequence alignment approach

Recently, the program INTMSAlign_HiSol for identifying aggregation hotspots in proteins only requiring secondary structure data was introduced. We explored the utility of this program further and applied it for engineering of the aldoxime dehydratase from Bacillus sp. OxB-1. Towards this end, the effect of inverting the hydropathy at selected positions of the amino acid sequence on the enzymatic activity was studied leading to 60% of our constructed variants, which showed improved activity. In part, this activity increase can be rationalised by an improved heme incorporation of the variants. For example, a single mutation gave a 1.8 fold increased enzymatic activity and 30% improved absolute heme incorporation.

On a quaternionic sequence with Vietoris’ numbers

Special integers sequences have been the center of attention for many researchers, as well as the sequences of quaternions where its components are the elements of these sequences. Motivated by a rational sequence, we consider the quaternions with components Vietoris? numbers and investigate some of its properties. For this sequence a two and three term recurrence relation is established, as well as a Binet?s type formula. Moreover the generating function for this sequence is introduced and also the determinant of some tridiagonal matrices are used in order to find elements of this sequence.

Improvement of nonmonotone deformation technology in plastic metal working

The production of semi-finished products made of refractory metals is considered. The advantage of parts production using combination of two types of straining with change in the straining direction: direct extrusion and equal-channel pressing is shown. The experimental investigation data of pure and simple shear for the semi-finished products processing made of tungsten and molybdenum are presented. Requirements for the tool providing diagonal flow and angular straining are formulated based on the analysis of the stress-strain state of the processes of axial symmetric extrusion and simple shear of plastically inhomogeneous body. Effectiveness evaluation of the combination of various types of fixtures and the rational sequence for using of diagonal flow and angular pressing is given. Experimental devices for practical application of the proposed technology are developed.

DETERMINATION OF TECHNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF CULINARY PRODUCTS PRODUCTION USING MIXTURES AND EMULSIONS FOR ADDITIVE TECHNOLOGIES

The article presents the results of research on the determination of rational technological parameters for the production of culinary products using dry mixtures and emulsions based on animal raw materials for additive technologies. It was found that when making products using mixtures and emulsions based on broiler chicken meat, as well as a combination of broiler chicken meat and pork, pork and beef (ratio 1:1) rational height of the layer, which makes it possible to ensure stability and safety of the product shape (with a fixed diameter of the opening of the culinary syringe – 7 mm and the optimal length of the layer - 100 mm), is from 14–21 mm (with a layer width of 7 mm) and up to 133–154 mm (with a layer width of 98 mm), which allows for improved structural and mechanical (SSL – 1090.7–1099.9 Pa) and functional and technological indicators of these products (WHC – 92.7–97.5%). The rational sequence of application and the duration of chopping of the main and auxiliary raw materials for the manufacture of emulsions, the duration of preparation (3 minutes), the degree of hydration (1:2 – 1:3) and the temperature of water for the reduction of dry mixtures (60±1° C) were established, which made it possible to develop technological schemes for the production of culinary products using additive technologies.

RATIONAL ORDERING OF WORK ON THE PRODUCTION LINE IN THE PRESENCE OF EQUIPMENT CHANGEOVERS

The method of rational ordering of work on the production line in the presence of equipment changeovers The problem of choosing a rational sequence of work in technological complexes with a consistent structure, widespread in various industries, is considered. The problem statement differs taking into account changeovers of the cars entering the line, at change of the performed works. A multicriteria model of the problem is proposed. The approach and specific methods of search of rational variants of ordering of works at their start on the line are offered. The approach is based on the use of the principles of systematic heuristics, which allow to generate a limited and manageable number of options, taking into account the production conditions, among which there are supposed to be rational (practically acceptable) options.

Technology of operational management in the activities of port elevators

The article deals with the main problems of port elevators, which lead to incomplete use of their capacities. They include: the problem of reducing the capacity factor of the elevator capacity, the problem of lack of rhythm of grain picking operations, the problem of inconsistency with railway transport, the problem of storage of different crops and crops of different quality, the problem of loss of time during the shipment of grain to the ship. The necessity of detailed planning of port elevators' operations by the determination of flows of work passing through the system, as well as the control of their implementation, is proved. The graphical model of implementation of the operational function of the port elevator is suggested, which will allow to coordinate its operations and to check the possibility of their implementation during the departure period of the ship. This model establishes the order of operations, as well as the main planning documents that regulate them. The use of a technological map of the implementation of the operational function for describing the list and sequence of basic operations for the formation of a ship batch and its shipment, conditions and requirements for their implementation, as well as information about the equipment used, is suggested. The graphical model and the technological map of the implementation of the port elevator's operational function provide information on the rational sequence and coherence of the operations' planning for the formation of the ship party and its shipment, which reduces the time loss, provides the opportunity to coordinate the work of the elevator with its transportation system.

METHOD OF LOGICAL SCHEMES OF SUBJECT CONTENT FOR QUALITY ASSURANCE OF DEVELOPED INTERACTIVE ELECTRONIC TECHNICAL MANUALS

The determining value of the logicality of the presentation, relevance and visibility of the presentation of the subject content to ensure the quality of the developed interactive electronic technical manuals for the operation and repair of aviation equipment objectively requires the development of a methodological tool for monitoring and managing its consumer properties. As such, the method of logical schemes of subject content for technical systems, which are built on the basis of synthesis of recognition features, can serve. These schemes are a network description of the multilevel decomposition of complex samples of aviation technical systems in a rational sequence of their inspection, verification and development. The proposed method of ensuring the quality of the IET develops a qualitatively new level of development of the subject material for the operation and repair of aviation equipment for interactive electronic manuals by supplementing the scientific and methodological apparatus of such development with tools for its generalization and structuring as logical diagrams of the sequence of inspections (work).The method of logical schemes of subject content to ensure the quality of interactive electronic technical guides being developed includes: a method for synthesizing logical diagrams of the subject content of operation and repair of aviation equipment, the basic sequence of the stages of developing electronic content on the basis of logical diagrams of subject content; practical recommendations on the software implementation of electronic content in interactive electronic technical guides.