Features of trace element composition of beryl from the Uralian Izumrudnye kopi

It was found as a result of SIMS study of beryl with various color zoning from the Uralian Izumrudnye Kopi that the content of a number of trace elements regularly varies to the margin of the crystal regardless of the color nature of the central and marginal crystal parts. The Na, Mn, Ga, Fe and Rb content increases towards the periphery of both crystals forming a U-shaped zoning. This pattern is less pronounced for Ni and Co. The Ti content, on the contrary, decreases towards the crystal margin forming a bell-shaped zoning. The distribution of a number of elements demonstrates another zoning pattern. For the beryl crystal (sample 24), the color saturation and transparency of which increases from a colorless to green-yellow from the center to the periphery of the crystal, the Sc, Cr and V forms U-shaped zoning with an increasing content to the margin of the crystal and Li exhibits a bell-shaped zoning. In transparent beryl crystal with more intense green color in the center (sample 25), the zoning pattern is dramatically distinct: bell-shaped for Sc, Cr and V and U-shaped for Li. The content of each element for both crystals coincides in the marginal zones, which have color comparable in intensity and transparency, despite the diferent color pattern with a sharply contrast¬ing distribution in the central part. In discriminant diagrams proposed for the identifcation of emeralds from various world regions, the composition of beryl from the Uralian Izumrudnye Kopi correspond to the feld of compositions of the Uralian emeralds or is close to them.

Creativity of the Mongolian artist D. Enkhtaivan: stages of formation, key elements of the creative method

В статье рассматривается творческий путь современного монгольского художника Данзанбалжира Энхтайвана, который смог достичь продуктивного синтеза лучших черт монгольской и российской школ искусства. Показано, что Энхтайван сумел воспринять от российской школы гуманизм, интерес к внутреннему миру личности, стремление к профессионализму и достижению высокой художественной выразительности. Монголия же дала ему бесконечное количество тем и идей. В эволюции его творческого метода заметно, что от плоскостной трактовки, от крупных пятен в колорите своих работ художник постепенно переходит к свободному мазку, к высокой пластической выразительности формы; но одновременно в повышенной цветовой интенсивности явно просматривается влияние монгольской школы с ее декоративностью и цветовой насыщенностью. Работы художника представлены в ведущих государственных музеях и частных галереях Монголии, Германии, Польши и других стран. The article examines the creative path of the modern Mongolian artist Danzanbaljir Enkhtaivan, who was able to achieve a productive synthesis of the best features of the Mongolian and Russian schools of art. It is shown that Enkhtaivan was able to perceive humanism from the Russian school, interest in the inner world of the individual, the desire for professionalism and the achievement of high artistic expression. Mongolia, on the other hand, gave him an infinite number of topics and ideas. In the evolution of his creative method, it is noticeable that from a flat interpretation, from large spots in the color of his works, he gradually passes to a free brushstroke, to a high plastic expressiveness of form; but at the same time, the influence of the Mongolian school with its decorative effect and color saturation is clearly seen in the increased color intensity. The artist's works are presented in leading state museums and private galleries in Mongolia, Germany, Poland and other countries.

Development of New Catalytic Pigments: Dual Functional SiO2/TiO2-x Amorphous Photonic Crystals for Non-Iridescent Structural Color and Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity

Biomimetic synthesis of amorphous photonic crystals (APCs) is a significant approach to obtain non-iridescent structural colors. However, the structural colors of artificially prepared APCs are dim or even white due to the influence of incoherent scattering. In this paper, we present an innovative method was proposed to combine APCs with black TiO2-x to construct non-iridescent structural color pigments with high visibility and photocatalytic activity. Due to absorption of incoherent scattered light by black TiO2-x, the color saturation of structural colors has been significantly increased. In addition, the utilization rate of photogenic carriers was effectively enhanced by slow light effect generated from pseudo-band gap of SiO2 APCs with TiO2-x absorbed full spectrum. The tone and color saturation of catalytic pigments are controlled by the diameter of SiO2 nanospheres and the ration of TiO2-x nanoparticles, which provides a controllable application study in color related fields such as artwork, environmental coatings and textiles.

EXTRACTION OF NATURAL DYE FROM DIOSPYROS MOLLIS (GRIFF.) FRUITS BY MANY DIFFERENT SOLVENTS AND APPLICATION OF DYED ON SILK FABRIC

Diospyros mollis (Griff.) locally known as “mac nua”, is a kind of wild plant which fruits are used to dye the famous black “Lanh My A” silk of Tan Chau, An Giang. In this study, the author uses four solvents: water, ethanol, acetone and diethyl ether to extract natural dye and it’s used dyeing for silk. As a result, the natural dye extracted with acetone solution from Diospyros mollis (Griff.) fruits was used to dye for silk that obtained a color saturation 3.72 which was the best solvent. Silk fabric after dyeing has achieved the level of 4-5 color fastness, high mechanical strength and the ecological properties.

Elucidating the Onset of Plasticity in Sliding Contacts Using Differential Computational Orientation Tomography

Depending on the mechanical and thermal energy introduced to a dry sliding interface, the near-surface regions of the mated bodies may undergo plastic deformation. In this work, we use large-scale molecular dynamics simulations to generate “differential computational orientation tomographs” (dCOT) and thus highlight changes to the microstructure near tribological FCC alloy surfaces, allowing us to detect subtle differences in lattice orientation and small distances in grain boundary migration. The analysis approach compares computationally generated orientation tomographs with their undeformed counterparts via a simple image analysis filter. We use our visualization method to discuss the acting microstructural mechanisms in a load- and time-resolved fashion, focusing on sliding conditions that lead to twinning, partial lattice rotation, and grain boundary-dominated processes. Extracting and laterally averaging the color saturation value of the generated tomographs allows us to produce quantitative time- and depth-resolved maps that give a good overview of the progress and severity of near-surface deformation. Corresponding maps of the lateral standard deviation in the color saturation show evidence of homogenization processes occurring in the tribologically loaded microstructure, frequently leading to the formation of a well-defined separation between deformed and undeformed regions. When integrated into a computational materials engineering framework, our approach could help optimize material design for tribological and other deformation problems. Graphic Abstract .