Characteristics of a Capnophilic Small Colony Variant of Escherichia Coli Co-Isolated With Two Other Strains From a Patient With Bacteremia in China

Small colony variants (SCVs) are a slow-growing subpopulation of bacteria characterized by their atypical colony morphology and distinct biochemical properties, which are known to cause chronic persistent infections. Here, we investigated the characteristics of three phenotypes of Escherichia coli, including a capnophilic SCV, co-isolated from a 64-year-old patient with bacteremia in China. The three strains were identified as a capnophilic strain (EC1), a capnophilic SCV (EC2), and a wild-type strain (EC3). The EC1 and EC2 strains did not grow in the absence of CO2, while the EC2 colonies were pinpoint in appearance and had the ability to revert to the large-form phenotype. The growth of the SCV was slow and not enhanced in the presence of thymidine, hemin, thiamine, and menadione. The results of antimicrobial susceptibility showed similar sensitivity to cefoxitin and imipenem, but resistant to most of the other antimicrobials tested. Whole genome sequencing showed that no genetic mutational variations associated with SCVs were observed, while EC1, EC2 and the revertible strains of EC2 lacked the can gene. Multi-locus sequence typing showed that all strains belonged to ST457 and nucleotide similarity analysis indicated that they had high homology. In conclusion, we report rarely described co-isolated forms of three phenotypes of E. coli that included acapnophilic SCV in a patient with bacteremia. The capnophilic SCV strain had atypical morphology and biochemical characteristics with the absent of can gene. Based on our findings, we have discussed the laboratory identification, characterization, mechanisms, and clinical treatment of capnophilic SCV strains.

Morphological ghosts of introgression in Darwin’s finch populations

Many species of plants, animals, and microorganisms exchange genes well after the point of evolutionary divergence at which taxonomists recognize them as species. Genomes contain signatures of past gene exchange and, in some cases, they reveal a legacy of lineages that no longer exist. But genomic data are not available for many organisms, and particularly problematic for reconstructing and interpreting evolutionary history are communities that have been depleted by extinctions. For these, morphology may substitute for genes, as exemplified by the history of Darwin’s finches on the Galápagos islands of Floreana and San Cristóbal. Darwin and companions collected seven specimens of a uniquely large form of Geospiza magnirostris in 1835. The populations became extinct in the next few decades, partly due to destruction of Opuntia cactus by introduced goats, whereas Geospiza fortis has persisted to the present. We used measurements of large samples of G. fortis collected for museums in the period 1891 to 1906 to test for unusually large variances and skewed distributions of beak and body size resulting from introgression. We found strong evidence of hybridization on Floreana but not on San Cristóbal. The skew is in the direction of the absent G. magnirostris. We estimate introgression influenced 6% of the frequency distribution that was eroded by selection after G. magnirostris became extinct on these islands. The genetic residuum of an extinct species in an extant one has implications for its future evolution, as well as for a conservation program of reintroductions in extinction-depleted communities.

Verbal Texts of Composers as a Prerequisite For Musicological Research of the Style Phenomenon of “New Simplicity”

The aim of the article is to determine the theoretical value of verbal composer’s texts for musical research of the style phenomenon of “new simplicity” as an actual direction of composer’s practice at the turn of the XX–XXI centuries. The research methodology lies in the complex use of the musical-historical and cultural approach to the musical art of our time and individual composer’s styles, the systemic, structural-functional method and comparative studies in the study of verbal composer’s texts. Results. The main place of development of the composer’s reflections on the ideological-philo-sophical, artistic-aesthetic and linguistic-stylistic features of the “new simplicity” is the space of chamber communication (numerous interviews and conversations that exist both orally and in writing), which captures immediacy of the author’s statement and preserves its vivid intonation. Exceptional cases of the existence of the author’s voice in “large form” are represented by the verbal work of V. Martynov — the author of famous studies of modern music, which were understood as conceptual principles of composition in modern music culture in a broad semantic context that arises at the intersection of musicology, sociology and philosophy. In each of these areas of composer’s verbal self-representation we can find thoughts and concepts that are directly related to the phenomenon of “new simplicity”, the meaning of which is built as a result of deep personal understanding of the essence of musical art by each composer. Scientific novelty refers to the theoretical development of the style concept of “new simplicity” on the material of verbal composer’s discourse as a premise of musicological research. The practical significance lies in the use of research materials in special courses in musical-historical and musical-theoretical disciplines in higher educational institutions, as well as in musical performing practice.

Design and Analysis of Ultrasonic Polypropene Corrugated Box Welding Machine

A wide style of ultrasonic corrugated plastic box welding machine options are available to you. Ultrasonic Polypropene corrugated box welders as a special purpose machine for variable sizes of Polypropene boxes that is a no bench type-welding machine to weld pp boxes is made with innovative technology at its perfection. “SANITEK PLASTOWELD SOLUTION” are a reliable manufacturer, trader, importer and exporter of the industry and established within the year 2010. They are the favoured name within the market place for providing very best quality assortment of plastic welding machine box, ultrasonic handgun, ultrasonic tube sealing machines and plenty of more products are designed and made by them. Ultrasonic welding provides good welding aesthetics. Manufacturing of ultrasonic Polypropene box welding machine is obtainable by “SANITEK PLASTOWELD SOLUTION”. No scratch guarantee for packed items. Polypropene corrugated boxes are nowadays used more as compare to the normal corrugated boxes, which were stapled and now corrugated box are joint by using ultrasonic welding. There is less rejection of packing items. A large form of ultrasonic Polypropene corrugated box welding machine options are available to you. No corrosion of joints means healthy packaging. This machine can weld one or more welding spot together which make it production friendly. With vision to sale its products in larger base company has laid emphasis on research. These are specifically designed to confirm easy handling reliable welding results, reproducibility while advancing, and optimizing the machine.

Deep-sea clawed lobster Nephropsis stewarti Wood-Mason, 1872 species complex in the Indo-West Pacific (Crustacea, Decapoda, Nephropidae), with description of a new species

Nephropsis stewarti Wood-Mason, 1872 is the most common species of the deep-sea clawed lobster genus Nephropsis Wood-Mason, 1872 in the Indo-West Pacific. Morphological comparisons and genetic analyses of extensive material referred to this lobster revealed the presence of three species. The three species differ mainly in body size, development of the intermediate carina on the carapace, position of the lateral pair of rostral teeth, whether the pleonal tergum is granulate, and the spination on the large chelipeds. Nephropsis stewarti is restricted to the western central Indian Ocean, and a neotype is selected to fix its identity. The name Nephropsis grandis Zarenkov, 2006 is revived with neotype selection for the large form found in the West Pacific and northwestern Australia. The smaller form from southern Taiwan and the Philippines is described as Nephropsis pygmaeasp. nov.

The improvements balalayka repertoire in the XX century

The purpose of this article is to reveal the features of concert and instrumental music for balalaika in the 20th century by the example of the Concert for balalaika with orchestra by P. Gaydamaki. The methods of this scientific item are based on the research ways of historical and performing analysis. There is using of empirical methods, a namely observation and generalization. The scientific novelty for this investigation is determined by the appeal to the compositions of the academic instrumental repertoire of the balalaika of the 20th century, as the least studied cultural and historical period in the field of academic balalaika performing. Conclusions. The formation and development of the balalaika as an academic tool, began its journey from the 20th century and continues today. A historically significant role in this belongs to the outstanding composer, teacher, performer, conductor, arranger Vasily Vasilievich Andreev and his followers. Today, balalaika as an instrument is actively developing in Ukraine. The repertoire is replenished with new works, new methodological collections are issued, the instrument continues to sound both solo and as an integral part of folk ensembles of small and large forms, orchestras. Since 1965, the genre of solo balalaika concert in Ukraine begins its history. One of its first authors can be considered Peter Danilovich Gaydamakа. The concert of P. Gaydamakа, which became the material of our research, is an example of the use of new achievements in performing, technical techniques, finding balance, dynamic and timbral correspondence for parts of balalaika and orchestra. The Concerto for balalaika and orchestra by P. Gaydamakа is having a big form as a base. Difficulties in realizing the large form for the balalaika, problems in building the dramaturgy of the material, the difficulty of balancing the dynamic and expressive capabilities of the instrument, prompt composers to further discoveries that contribute to the expansion of the repertoire for balalaika as an academic instrument in Ukraine.

A study on the possibility of improving sulfide ore preparation characteristics using the pneumatic separation process

The size, density of the particles and their shape play a significant role in the effectiveness of the pneumatic separation process. An experiment held using a lab machine revealed that the shape of the particles affects their warping from the air-flow. Research has shown that the airflow produced with the flat or narrow side of the ore which are flat and have a large form factor are more likely to be affected by the warping process. The impact of the ore shapes on the results of separating the pieces in terms of their density during the pneumatic separation process can be decreased by producing a structured feed-through into the air-flow using the flat side or by improving the previously selected ore pieces of a flat shape.