Associations Between Personality (Dys)Function and General Behavioral Dysregulation

Maintaining psychological equilibrium within a dynamic environment is thought to be the core of human functioning. Systems-based theories of personality hypothesize that generalized processes control stability by regulating how strongly a person reacts to various situations. Research shows there are higher-order traits of general personality function (Stability) and dysfunction (general personality pathology; GPP), but whether or not they capture individual differences in reactivity is largely theoretical. We tested this hypothesis by examining how general personality functioning manifests in everyday life in two samples (Ns=205; 342 participants and 24,920; 17,761 observations) that completed an ambulatory assessment protocol. Consistent with systems-based theories, we found (1) there is a general factor reflecting reactivity across major domains of functioning, and (2) reactivity is strongly associated with Stability and GPP. Results provide insight into how people fundamentally adapt (or not) to their environments, and lays the foundation for more practical, empirical models of human functioning.

Quantitative Imaging of Body Composition

Body composition refers to the amount and distribution of lean tissue, adipose tissue, and bone in the human body. Lean tissue primarily consists of skeletal muscle; adipose tissue comprises mostly abdominal visceral adipose tissue and abdominal and nonabdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue. Hepatocellular and myocellular lipids are also fat pools with important metabolic implications. Importantly, body composition reflects generalized processes such as increased adiposity in obesity and age-related loss of muscle mass known as sarcopenia.In recent years, body composition has been extensively studied quantitatively to predict overall health. Multiple imaging methods have allowed precise estimates of tissue types and provided insights showing the relationship of body composition to varied pathologic conditions. In this review article, we discuss different imaging methods used to quantify body composition and describe important anatomical locations where target tissues can be measured.

Identification of different shapes and localizations of tuberculosis in children of different ages: the role of screening examination

There was performed an analysis of the age structure of clinical forms of tuberculosis in children aged from 0 to 14 years. The most favorable structure of clinicalforms in children ofpreschool age was established to be characterized by absolute predominance of tuberculosis of intrathoracic lymph nodes (TILN), the minimum number of complications and generalized processes. The greatest number of the diseasedfor the 25-year period of observation was consisted of children ofprimary school age. The main method of detection of tuberculosis in children remained to be screening annual examination with the use of Mantoux test with 2 ТЕ PPD-L, in this way there were revealed 48% of all tuberculosis cases in children and 63,9% of cases of TILN. Extrapulmonary and generalized tuberculosis more frequently was revealed at the request for medical care and on contact, tuberculosis of the urinary system in 39,5% was revealed during examination of risk groups.

Generalization of Purchasing of Particular Materials within The Conditions of The Army of The Czech Republic

The paper deals with the way of central purchasing of office paper of various formats and with an assessment of opportunities to generalize processes for creation of acceptable solutions. The aim is to suggest and verify opportunity for generalized processes that can be utilised within the military conditions. Basic scientific methods and statistical analysis with implication of interval classification by Sturges rule were used within the research. The findings of the research are beneficial especially for generalizing purchasing processes of other materials. This process can be used for purchasing of furniture or spare parts and accessories for military vehicles.

On stochastic integration for volatility modulated Brownian-driven Volterra processes via white noise analysis

This paper generalizes the integration theory for volatility modulated Brownian-driven Volterra processes onto the space [Formula: see text] of Potthoff–Timpel distributions. Sufficient conditions for integrability of generalized processes are given, regularity results and properties of the integral are discussed. We introduce a new volatility modulation method through the Wick product and discuss its relation to the pointwise-multiplied volatility model.