Presence of Late Blight of Potato in Uzbekistan and Measures to Combat It

The article discusses the development of a disease of cultivated plants, which was previously not typical for the conditions of Uzbekistan — late blight of potato. On the territory of the Tashkent region and the small educational economy of the Tashkent State Agrarian University in 2015–2020, the presence of late blight was noted on potato crops. The degree of development of the disease is 27.9–36.3%. A study was carried out on the use of new drugs: Antracol 70% and Banjo Forte. The best result in suppressing the disease was shown by the preparation Antracol 70% in the norm of application — 2.0 kg/ha, where 20 days after treatment the biological efficiency was 85.6%. The biological efficacy of Banjo Forte at a rate of 1.0 l/ha was 81.8% on the leaves, 84.1% on the shoots, and 1.5% and 1.0%, respectively, with the development of the disease.

Produs nou biorațional pentru combaterea dăunătorilor în spaţii protejate

The article presents the results of pesticidal activity study of product elaborated on the neem oil base. Bioassays were performed on aphids and spider mites in order to compare the pesticidal activity of new preparative form NEEM-01 with that of the commercial biorational products Pelecol and MatrinBio. The product NEEM- 01at a dose of 10 l/ ha has potential as aphicide and acaricide, although in terms of efficacy in controlling aphids and mites it is different. NEEM-01 was quite effective against the aphid population compared to spider mites, which are more mobile, ceasing to feed on the treated leaf. A higher mortality of pests with higher biological efficacy of NEEM- 01 was achieved after two treat-ments with an interval of 10 days between them. The results are preliminary, the research continues.

Evaluating the biological efficacy of a ballast water management system using filtration and electro-catalysis with an accurate definition of holding time

We employed a mesoscale experimental system and enriched natural plankton communities to investigate the efficacy of a type of ballast-water management system (BWMS) that uses a combination of filtration and electro-catalysis as the treatment technology. The water samples were collected immediately after treatment and at discharge to measure the biological efficiency of this BWMS. The main hydro chemical parameters, the TRO concentration and the plankton species composition before and after the ballast treatment process, were measured. After treatment, the concentration of TRO remained at a high level of 1.690 ± 0.573 (SD) mg/L. The biological efficacy of ballast water after treatment at holding times of 10 min, 20 min, 30 min, 40 min, and 50 min were measured. Holding time significantly impacted the biological efficacy. The discharged, treated water satisfied the D-2 standard of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) after 50 minutes of holding time.

Design of Liposomes Carrying HelixComplex Snail Mucus: Preliminary Studies

In recent decades liposomes have been used in different field thanks to their ability to act as a vehicle for a wide range of biomolecules, their great versatility and their easy production. The aim of this study was to evaluate liposomes as a vehicle for the actives present in the HelixComplex (HC) snail mucus for topical delivery. Liposomes composed of a mixture of phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol and octadecylamine were prepared with and without HC (empty liposomes) and their biological efficacy was tested by evaluating cell viability and migration. HC-loaded liposomes (LHC) were stable throughout 60 days of observation, and showed interesting effects on wound healing reconstitution. In particular, we observed that 25 µg/mL LHC were already able to induce a higher cell monolayer reconstitution in comparison to the untreated samples and HC treated samples after only 4 h (28% versus 10% and 7%, p = 0.03 and p= 0.003, respectively). The effect was more evident at 24 h in comparison with the untreated control (54% versus 21.2% and 41.6%, p = 0.006 and p = NS, respectively). These results represent a preliminary, but promising, novelty in the delivery strategy of the actives present in the HelixComplex mucus.