“Those Are Typical Tell-Tale Signs of a Lesbian”: LGBQ Young Peoples’ Perceptions of Parental Messaging Surrounding Gender Non-Conforming Behavior

Socialization surrounding gender and sexuality is prominent within the familial context. Gender and sexuality are frequently linked with the assumption that gender-expansive behavior leads to nonheterosexuality. Research has largely focused on parental perspectives, leaving queer youth experiences largely invisible. Utilizing semistructured interviews with 10 queer young adults, this project contributes to the existing discussions regarding gender and sexuality socialization while growing up. First, participants described parents’ seemingly natural ability to correctly categorize youth’s sexual orientation, which is often linked to gender nonconforming behavior. Participants reinforced essentialized ideas of gender and sexuality through their discussion of engagement in expansive gender behavior. Furthermore, women discussed more freedom to engage in diverse gender behavior, while being expected to conform to traditional gender roles. Through elevating youth’s viewpoints on gender and sexuality family dynamics, these findings can assist service providers and parents in supporting queer youth across their gender and sexual development.

Issues of gender pedagogy: teaching boys the masculinity (preschool childhood stage)

The article deals with the issues of supporting and developing the gender identity of boys at the stage of preschool childhood. The authors argue that it is possible to form the socially determined ideas about males in boys and to teach them the gender behavior based on these ideas but it should be carried out at the stage of pre-school childhood. The article contains the material of the experiment including specially selected forms, methods and conditions for teaching boys the masculinity at a senior pre-school age. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that the totality of the findings contains a solution to the problem: the special forms and methods of working with preschoolers used in teaching allowed us to form specific features of gender-role behavior at a pre-school age. The theoretical significance is that the study defines the components of gender identity (cognitive, emotional-personal, behavioral) and their content, and identifies the factors that contribute to the development of gender identity in boys. The practical significance of the study lies in the applied orientation of the findings that can be widely employed in the practice of pre-school educational organizations.

Gender aspects of everyday life of a modern Ossetian family

The goal of this research consists in the analysis of gender aspects of everyday life of a modern Ossetian family. The subject of this article is the historical-cultural context that contributed to the formation and modernization of behavioral practices of daily household chores, authority and distribution of roles in a modern Ossetian family. The object is the models of interfamilial gender behavior. The article employs the method of systemic analysis that allows viewing gender relations in the family as the backbone elements of social relations. The comparative-historical method was applied for comprehension of the general patterns of development of gender relations and outlining the prerequisites and mechanisms for the formation of a certain gender order in a chronological sequence. The article describes the models of everyday interfamilial gender behavior, formulates the criteria that determine these models, indicates the stages of historical-cultural evolution of modern gender aspects in the context of formation and modernization of interfamilial behavioral practices. The analysis of empirical base of the research determines the prevalent models of interfamilial gender behavior in a modern Ossetian family. The factors of low level of proliferation of egalitarian attitudes in the region are identified. The conclusion is made that despite the external presentability, modern Ossetian family is still a reflection of gender asymmetry, maintaining the status of “dual employment” of women.

Mass Camp in Contemporary Hong Kong Cinema

This chapter considers Hong Kong’s particular socio-historical context since the 1960s, which has been imperative to the diffusion of a local mass camp impulse characterized by a self-conscious, often parodic attitude toward the artifice of conventions, particularly those associated with art, gender behavior, and media representation. It then investigates the particular ways in which mass camp has at once informed and been informed by Hong Kong mainstream cinema from the 1970s onward. A crucial point made throughout lies in the intimate relationship between mass camp and the proliferating gender parody of contemporary Hong Kong cinema, culminating in films of the early 1990s (e.g. Swordsman II). This process, importantly, has also been coupled with the critical articulation of camp discourse since the mid-to-late 1970s.

Healing through Gender Inversion in Korean Possession Trance Rituals

Korean shamanism ( musok) considers problems of physical, social, and mental health to be a result of supernatural intervention. The unique position of male practitioners who become healers within a female-dominated sphere is especially telling as they perform cross-gender behavior that is perceived as related to homosexuality, which is stigmatized in Korea and often labeled as a “mental illness.” In contrast, musok frames these behaviors as responses to demands from the spirit world.

KUMYKS’ UPBRINGING TRADITIONS IN THE XIX – EARLY XX CENTURY

The present study aims to consider the specifics of teaching rules of conduct in children in an extended Kumyk family of the XIX – early XX century. Basing on the analysis of a wide range of sources and literature, as well as field ethnographic material obtained in the regions of Kumyks’ concentration, the authors present various aspects of etiquette interaction and pedagogical methods of Kumyk upbringing in the XIX - early XX century. The peculiarities of moral education in Kumyk children, on the example of an extended patriarchal family, have been revealed, since etiquette relations were more pronounced in such families than in a small (nuclear) one. It has been noted that the traditional upbringing among Kumyks was varied and oriented towards the adoption of gender stereotypes by children. The stereotypes of “masculinity” and “femininity”, gender behavior, gender roles and organization of age-sex labor division in a family are analyzed in the paper. On the basis of extensive field material, the authors give examples of various types of games and children activities, which highlight the differences in gender upbringing and the manifestation of “masculinity” and “femininity” in games. It has been established that the existing division of gender roles in a Kumyk family, under which men performed vocational roles, and women – the family ones, formed in children socially accepted ideas of the masculine and feminine types. In the era of globalization, when the institute of traditional family is on the brink of extinction, and gender-neutral upbringing is actively propagated in the mass media, the study of gender stereotypes and features of gender behavior and upbringing in traditional culture has a major scientific and practical importance. The conclusions of the article may be of interest to members of education and culture, or used when writing works in ethnography and pedagogy. The relevance of this study is due to the interest of scholars in various fields and the general public in gender issues and problems of upbringing.