Dataset for Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) from Cross Key, Monroe County, Florida, USA

The Florida Keys Mosquito Control District deploys dry ice-baited light traps to monitor mosquito populations throughout the Florida Keys. Cross Key is an island directly north of Key Largo and via bridges it serves as a link between Key Largo and mainland Florida. This paper describes a data set compiled from trap collections on Cross Key, Florida, between September 23, 2002 and March 1, 2016.

Temporal Change Detection Analysis of Monroe County, NY tree cover from 2009 to 2017

Forests provide many ecosystem services which are enjoyed by nearby residing communities. This includes pollution and flood mitigation, carbon sequestration, oxygen production, food, fuel, education, recreation, and aesthetics. These ecosystem services also come from urban and suburban forests. Urban ecosystems, specifically urban green spaces services have been noted to improve human health significantly. Yet urban forests and ecosystem services have not and are not distributed. Understanding where and when forest cover and green spaces are changing can give insight into corresponding changes in services and access within and between communities. Thus, our objective was to complete a temporal analysis of the tree canopy-cover in the city of Rochester, NY was performed to examine change in tree cover and green spaces from 2009-2017. We did this using three-band orthorectified data; red, green, and blue bands and unsupervised and supervised classifications. A stacked-PCA image was created and applied to the change-detection PCA technique. In running the stack PCA analysis band 3 was found to be indicative of change, highlighting the expansion of agriculture as a major drive of change. The stacked PCA change detection technique determined that 8,448,898,967 tons/ha of vegetation was gained during these two time periods. The attempted NDVI change detection indicated that 1.89089353510 tons/ha of vegetation was gained. The NDVI change detection analysis revealed the most vegetation gains occurring in the rural and suburban regions of Monroe County, NY between 2090 and 2017. Given the many benefits of forests and green spaces for health and well-being, we make recommendations for future researchers attempting this kind of assessment for Monroe County and identify local programs that may be mitigating some of the green space disparities in the county.

Trends in Staphylococcus aureus Bloodstream Infections in Nursing Homes in Monroe County, New York

Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bloodstream infections (BSIs) are common in hospitals and nursing homes. Infection prevention efforts reduced MRSA BSI in hospitals but the trend in nursing homes is not well described. In addition, the contribution of methicillin sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) to the total burden of invasive S. aureus (iSA) in nursing homes remains unknown. Methods: As part of the CDC Emerging Infections Program, we conduct population-based surveillance for iSA infections in Monroe County, New York. Case patients were county residents with S. aureus isolated from a sterile site. Our analysis was limited to data from 2009–2018 for MRSA and 2015–2018 for MSSA and to cases classified as hospital-onset (HO, positive culture ≥3 calendar days after admission) or nursing home-onset (NHO, positive culture in nursing homes or within 3 days of hospital admission from a nursing home). Risk factors for iSA BSI in nursing homes were compared using the χ2 and Student t tests in SAS version 9.4 software. Results: During 2009–2014, 664 MRSA cases occurred and 427 (64%) were BSIs. Of these, 228 (53%) were NHO and 199 (47%) were HO. The BSI incidence per 100,000 population of NHO cases declined from 7.9 in 2009 to 2.8 in 2014, mirroring the decline in HO incidence from 8.7 in 2009 to 3.1 in 2014 (Fig. 1). During 2015–2018, 203 MRSA cases (163 BSIs, 80%) and 235 MSSA cases (163 BSIs, 69%) occurred. Of the 163 MRSA BSIs, 94 (58%) were NHO and 69 (42%) were HO, whereas of the 235 MSSA BSIs, only 56 (34%) were NHO and 107 (66%) were HO. MRSA BSI incidence per 100,000 population in both settings plateaued during 2015–2018 (Fig. 1) and MSSA NHO BSI incidence was lower than HO (1.9 NHO vs 3.6 HO). The total iSA BSI incidence was similar in both settings (5.9 vs 5.0 per 100,000 population in HO and NHO, respectively). NHO MSSA and MRSA cases have similar risk factors for BSI; 45 (30%) had decubitus ulcers, 34 (23%) were on chronic dialysis, 41 (27%) had a CVC in place within 2 days of BSI onset, and 63% had prior healthcare exposures. Most of these developed within 4 weeks of hospital discharge (Fig. 2). Conclusions: The incidence of MRSA BSI in nursing homes has declined since 2009 but plateaued starting in 2015. Compared to MRSA, MSSA caused fewer BSIs in nursing homes; however, iSA risk factors, including previous healthcare exposure, were similar. Continued study is needed to identify interventions effective against all iSA infections in nursing homes.Funding: NoneDisclosures: None

First Record of the Blue Crawfish, Cambarus monongalensis Ortmann, 1905 (Decapoda: Cambaridae), from Ohio, USA

This paper documents the first record of the blue crawfish, Cambarus monongalensis Ortmann, 1905, in the state of Ohio, United States. The blue crawfish is a small- to medium-sized primary burrowing crayfish common in western Pennsylvania and West Virginia. Because of the prevalence of this species on the east side of the Ohio River, numerous researchers have sought the blue crawfish in Ohio—to no avail. On 16 May 2020, turkey hunters in Monroe County, Ohio, located a blue-colored crayfish and sent photos to one of the authors of this study. On 19 May 2020, the authors sampled in the vicinity of where the photo was taken and located 4 sites that yielded a total of 5 blue crawfish specimens, confirming the existence of this species in Ohio. Further research is needed on the blue crawfish to determine its range and abundance in Ohio, and to explore factors relating to its biogeography.

Dataset for mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) from Vaca Key, Monroe County, Florida USA

The Florida Keys Mosquito Control District has used dry ice-baited light traps to monitor mosquito populations on Vaca Key since 1998. The first site sampled was monitored continuously for almost 20 years until all vegetation was removed. This paper describes a dataset compiled over almost 20 years of continuous trapping along Manor Lane on Vaca Key, Florida.

Wintertime Wood Smoke, Traffic Particle Pollution, and Preeclampsia

Previous studies have reported associations between ambient fine particle concentrations and preeclampsia; however, the impact of particulate pollution on early- and late-onset preeclampsia is understudied. Furthermore, few studies have examined the association between source-specific particles such as markers of traffic pollution or wood combustion on adverse pregnancy outcomes. Electronic medical records and birth certificate data were linked with land-use regression models in Monroe County, New York for 2009 to 2013 to predict monthly pollutant concentrations for each pregnancy until the date of clinical diagnosis during winter (November–April) for 16 116 births. Up to 30% of ambient wintertime fine particle concentrations in Monroe County, New York is from wood combustion. Multivariable logistic regression was used to separately estimate the odds of preeclampsia (all, early-, and late-onset) associated with each interquartile range increase in fine particles, traffic pollution, and woodsmoke concentrations during each gestational month, adjusting for maternal characteristics, birth hospital, temperature, and relative humidity. Each 3.64 µg/m 3 increase in fine particle concentration was associated with an increased odds of early-onset preeclampsia during the first (odds ratio, 1.35 [95% CI, 1.08–1.68]), second (odds ratio, 1.51 [95% CI, 1.23–1.86]), and third (odds ratio, 1.25 [95% CI, 1.06–1.46]) gestational months. Increases in traffic pollution and woodsmoke during the first gestational month were also associated with increased odds of early-onset preeclampsia. Increased odds of late-onset preeclampsia were not observed. Our findings suggest that exposure to wintertime particulate pollution may have the greatest effect on maternal cardiovascular health during early pregnancy.