Economic Losses Caused By Rodents in Some Cultivars of Rodents in Maize Fields

This study was conducted to estimate the quantitative damage caused by rodent infestation to some types of maize and its financial transfer. At Al-Dahsa village in Farshout district, Qena Governorate, Egypt, during study period 2018 / 2019. The results showed the (quantitative) loss in corn varieties over the years 2018 and 2019, the damages of rodents to the type of maize (Hay tak 2066) were about (3.91 and 3.00 Irdabb/ feddan) with a value of about (2737 and 2100 pounds), followed by the Balady type with about ( 3.90 and 2.34 Irdabb/ feddan) with a value of about (2730 and 1638 pounds), followed by the single hybrid genotype (Hay tak 2055) about (3.26 and 2.57 Irdabb/ feddan) with a value of about (2282 and 1799 pounds), while the moderate loss was recorded in crossbreeding Triple genetic (national 11) about (2.40 and 2.10 Irdabb/ feddan) with a value of about (1608 and 1407 pounds) , followed by the three-way genotype (Watania 310) with about (2.30 and 1.84 Irdabb/ feddan) with a value of about (1541 and) 1233 pounds, while the lowest value was recorded in the individual genotype (Watania 6) with about (1.30 and 1.04 Irdabb/ feddan) with a value of about (1.30 and 1.04 Irdabb/ feddan) About (871 and 697 pounds), followed by the individual hybrid genotype (Wataniya 4), about (1.50 and 1.20 Irdabb/ feddan) with a value of about (1005 and 804 pounds). The study showed significant differences between the types of maize.

Economic losses caused by rodents in some types of maize fields at Farshout District, Qena Governorate, Egypt

This study was conducted to estimate the quantitative damage caused by rodent infestation to some types of maize and its financial transfer, at Al-Dahsa village in Farshout district, Qena Governorate, Egypt, during study period 2018/2019. The percentage of the quantitative and economic losses in maize varieties caused by rodents show that the highest value of loss was recorded in genotype single cross (HYTECH 2066) were about (3.91 and 3.00 Ardab/ feddan with a value of about (2737 and 2100 pounds), followed by the (Balady) type with about (3.90 and 2.34 Ardab/fed) with a value of about (2730 and 1638 pounds), followed by the single hybrid genotype (HYTECH 2055) about (3.26 and 2.57 Ardab/fed) with a value of about (2282 and 1799 pounds), while the moderate loss was recorded in crossbreeding Triple genetic (National seeds 11 "National seeds company") about (2.40 and 2.10 Ardab/fed) with a value of about (1608 and 1407 pounds), followed by the three-way genotype (National seeds 310) with about (2.30 and 1.84 Ardab/fed) with a value of about (1541 and 1233) pounds, while the lowest value was recorded in the individual genotype (National seeds 6) with about (1.30 and 1.04 Ardab/fed) with a value of about (871 and 697 pounds), followed by the individual hybrid genotype (National seeds 4), about (1.50 and 1.20 Ardab/fed) with a value of about (1005 and 804 pounds). The study indicates the interest in agricultural operations, taking preventive measures and implementing appropriate control programs for the maize varieties most infested with rodents. Keywords: Rodent Infestation; Financial Transfer; Type of Maize; Ardab; Feddan

Research on the Application of Blockchain Technology in the Management of Financial Transfer Payment

Blockchain technology is considered to be a subversive innovation of computing mode after mainframe, personal computer and Internet. In the financial, medical, supply chain and other industries show great development potential. As an important part of financial management, financial transfer payment system is an important part of modern financial system. This paper combines blockchain technology with the management of financial transfer payment, analyzes the adaptation scenarios of blockchain technology, summarizes the status and development bottleneck of financial transfer payment informatization, tries to establish a financial transfer payment system based on blockchain technology, describes the advantages of blockchain technology in supporting the management of financial transfer payment, and puts forward suggestions on the possible problems.

Public-private relationship in surgical hospitalizations through the Unified Health System

Objective: to characterize surgical hospitalizations, length of stay, cost and mortality, according to the legal nature (public and private) of the hospital institution linked to the Unified Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde, SUS). Method: a descriptive study, of the survey type, with retrospective data collection (2008 to 2017) and a quantitative approach. The dependent variables surgical hospitalizations in Brazil, costs, length of stay and mortality and the independent variables regime/legal nature (public and private) were obtained from the Informatics Department of the Unified Health System. The Mann-Whitney test was used for analysis. Results: the average number of hospitalizations through the Unified Health System was 4,214,083 hospitalizations/year, 53.5% occurred in private hired hospitals and 46.5% in public hospitals (p=0.001). The financial transfer was greater for the private sector (60.6%) against 39.4% for the public (p=0.001). The average stay was 4.5 days in the public hospital and 3.1 days in its private counterpart (p<0.001). Mortality was higher in the public (1.8%) than in the private hospital (1.4%) (p<0.001). Conclusion: there was predominance of surgical hospitalizations through the Unified Health System in private hospitals with greater financial transfer to this sector, to the detriment of the public. The diverse evidence produced contributes to the debate and actions to avoid budgetary asphyxiation in the public sector in favor of the private sector.

Безусловен базов доход: поредната социалистическа утопия?

The Universal Basic Income: Another Socialist Utopia? The concept of universal basic income (UBI) is presented as a tool for reducing poverty through guaranteed financial transfer by the state to each individual. The financial transfer, or UBI, allows a person to cover their minimum expenses. The idea is rooted in the 19th century and has gained popularity again in the last decade as a result of individuals and societies expecting a loss of labor opportunities due to digitalization, automation and technological progress in AI development. In this paper we address problems of economic policy in the case that UBI is introduced in Europe. We address fundamental questions that require answers before the concept is regarded as an applicable alternative to existing social systems. We consider the concept as another socialist utopia that cannot be implemented in existing economic systems in Europe. Only in case of a total system transformation can it be a viable alternative.

FLYPAPER EFFECT THEORY DALAM IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN DESENTRALISASI FISKAL

Fiscal decentralization can be considered as intergovernmental financial assistance within a state. This assistance is commonly called intergovernmental financial transfer that is transfer of fund from a level of government to another level. Generally, the transfer is usually occurred from a higher level of government the lower counterpart of a single state. The re- search is conducted to prove that Flypaper Effect has occurred in fiscal decentralization policy. The research finds that regional governments use the transfer for increasing their expenditures without raising the tax. The impact which is occurred from correlation of financial transfer by central government toward the income and expenditure of regional governments shows flypaper effect indication in the implementation of fiscal decentralization. In that case, the effect to the increase in regional expenditure is bigger than the effect toward its income. This is showing that transfer of the fund has caused the increase in vertical fiscal imbalance. Transfer of funds encourages the increase in the expenditure of autonomous regions.