Talking with the right-wing: pernicious polarization in Brazil and the philosophy of Paulo Freire

The last decade has witnessed the development of pernicious polarization in Brazil, partly due to the emergence of a conservative, populist-nationalist, and neoliberal agenda. This article addressees the viewpoints of individuals who identify themselves as part of the right-wing, drawing on 21 semi-structured interviews with members of the Movimento Brasil Livre. By analyzing the interviews following the philosophy of Paulo Freire, we show how their narrative of oppression echoes Freire’s ideas of conscientization and liberation in form but not in substance. We also suggest that a Freirean approach opens new ways to discuss and potentially break the pernicious polarization apart, incorporating a significant distinction between sectarians and radicals.

Talking with the right-wing: pernicious polarization in Brazil and the philosophy of Paulo Freire

The last decade has witnessed the development of pernicious polarization in Brazil, partly due to the emergence of a conservative, populist-nationalist, and neoliberal agenda. This article addressees the viewpoints of individuals who identify themselves as part of the right-wing, drawing on 21 semi-structured interviews with members of the Movimento Brasil Livre. By analyzing the interviews following the philosophy of Paulo Freire, we show how their narrative of oppression echoes Freire’s ideas of conscientization and liberation in form but not in substance. We also suggest that a Freirean approach opens new ways to discuss and potentially break the pernicious polarization apart, incorporating a significant distinction between sectarians and radicals.

Linguistic Gender in Arabic, a Theoretical and Analytical Study

This study aims to discuss the phenomenon of masculinization and feminization in Arabic. It seeks to explore the syntactic features that distinguish masculinization and feminization; and their reflections on old Arabic dialects and Qur’anic modes of recitation. Moreover, the study examines the social dimension of the phenomenon of masculinization and feminization, and the effect of the linguistic gender on the Arabic sentence structure. Using the descriptive approach, the syntactic theory confirms that a significant distinction exists between the masculine and feminine references in many syntactic categories such as demonstratives, relative pronouns and verbal predicates. Grammarians’ perception of masculinization as a source, and feminization as a subdivision is firmly rooted in the Arabic culture; emanating from the belief that the masculine is the original creature. Grammarians, therefore, posit that the masculine does not need markers, unlike the feminine. Qur’anic modes of recitation differed in dealing with this phenomenon depending on the reference of the pronoun. Grammarians have employed the rule of meaning to make sentences agree with the masculinization and feminization rules.

THE LOCAL RESECTION OF THE HEAD OF THE PANCREAS WITH DUODENUM PRESERVING AT THE CHRONIC PANCREATITIS

Aims/Objectives. The purpose of our research was studying of the reasons to increase head of the pancreas with a comparative estimation of morphological changes and outcomes of surgical treatment at patients by whom the local resection of the head of the pancreas with duodenum- preserving has been executed. Materials and methods. Results of the surgical treatment and morphological changes of 104 patients were studied: a local resection of the head of the pancreas with longitudinal pancreaticojejunostomy (LRHP+LPJ, n = 33), LRHP without LPJ (LRHP—LPJ' n = 36) and a local resection of the head and isthmus of the pancreas without LPJ (LRHIP—LPJ, n = 35). Results and discussion. In comparison groups has been revealed statistically significant distinction (Н = 17,357, df = 2, р = 0,002) on the sizes of the pancreas head. In their groups has been revealed statistically significant distinction in the sizes intrapancreatic pseudocysts in the pancreas head (Н = 8,912, df = 2, р = 0,012). The Spearman correlation (Spearman, p) had been found out statistically significant strong direct dependence between variables «the sizes of the pancreas head» and «the sizes intrapancreatic pseudocysts in the pancreas head «in comparison groups: LRHP+LPJ p = +0,73, р < 0,0001, LRHP-LPJ p = +0,78, р < 0,0001, LRHIP-LPJ p = +0,76, р < 0,0001. Between three groups of the patients by quantity of complications after operation were statistically significant (x2 = 10,644, df = 2, р = 0,005). In comparison groups has not been established distinctions on presence of the complications with focal or diffuse perilobular fibrosis — С < 0,200 or intralobular fibrosis — С < 0,265, and presence periductal fibrosis — С = 0,124. Conclusions. The sizes of the pancreas' head in the compared groups directly depend on the sizes intrapancreatic pseudocysts in the pancreas head. The probability of the complications' development after operation is not depended with focal or diffuse perilobular fibrosis or intralobular fibrosis and presence periductal fibrosis.

Talking with the right-wing: Pernicious polarization in Brazil and the philosophy of Paulo Freire

The last decade has witnessed the development of pernicious polarization in Brazil, partly due to the emergence of right-wing organizations promoting a conservative, populist-nationalist and neoliberal agenda. Despite the attention that this process has received, the viewpoints of individuals who identify themselves as part of the right-wing have been overlooked. This article aims to address this gap, drawing on twenty-one semi-structured interviews with members of right-wing organization Movimento Brasil Livre. By analyzing the interviews through the philosophy of Paulo Freire, we show how these individuals propose a narrative of oppression that echoes in form but not substance Freire’s ideas of conscientization and liberation. We also suggest that a Freirean approach opens new ways to discuss and potentially unlock pernicious polarization, incorporating a significant distinction between sectarians and radicals, with the former unreceptive to criticism and discussion, and the latter defending their positions but open to dialogue and listening.

An Objective for Hierarchical Clustering in Euclidean Space and Its Connection to Bisecting K-means

This paper explores hierarchical clustering in the case where pairs of points have dissimilarity scores (e.g. distances) as a part of the input. The recently introduced objective for points with dissimilarity scores results in every tree being a ½ approximation if the distances form a metric. This shows the objective does not make a significant distinction between a good and poor hierarchical clustering in metric spaces.Motivated by this, the paper develops a new global objective for hierarchical clustering in Euclidean space. The objective captures the criterion that has motivated the use of divisive clustering algorithms: that when a split happens, points in the same cluster should be more similar than points in different clusters. Moreover, this objective gives reasonable results on ground-truth inputs for hierarchical clustering.The paper builds a theoretical connection between this objective and the bisecting k-means algorithm. This paper proves that the optimal 2-means solution results in a constant approximation for the objective. This is the first paper to show the bisecting k-means algorithm optimizes a natural global objective over the entire tree.

Neopragmatist epistemology for ethics and the sciences: An optimistic sketch

Neopragmatist epistemology rejects any significant distinction between ethics and the sciences. The idea is that in ethics, we acquire knowledge in similar ways as in the natural sciences. Quine/Duhem holism applies to both fields, which explains why the aim of reaching reflective equilibrium is prominent in many meta-ethical accounts: As in the sciences, our ethical system of belief is constrained by logic, observation, coherence, simplicity and parsimony. Whereas considerations of beauty (an important ingredient of scientific methodology) are irrelevant in ethical epistemology, emotions play an essential role; these, in turn, do not matter in the sciences.

Sebuah Analisis Tingkat Stres dan Performansi serta Hubungannya pada Kecepatan Respon dan Jumlah Kesalahan Pengemudi Mobil Pribadi di Bandung

Driving involve activities some components including drivers, vehicles, passenger, roads, and the surrounding environment that interact with each other. Based on the website Badan Intelegensi Negara (BIN), it is said that one of the main causes of traffic accidents is the diver’s negligence. Data of Polrestabes Bandung City for the February 2014 to February 2015 showed that the rate of accidents, especially personal cars, had fluctuated. The driver factor that is the cause of the accident is most likely due to fatigue. The risk of work fatigue is on of them is stress. The impact of stress can disrupt driving performance arising from negative moods. Aim of this study was to analyze the stress and performance levels of driver personal car using salivary alpha amylase and stroop test parameters. The results of the study for sleep adequate treatment and lack of sleep treatment before and after simulation on stress levels (p-value (sig.) > α, 0,174; 0,351 > 0,05) and performance levels (p-value (sig.) > α, 0,546; 0,904 > 0,05) showed a significant distinction. While for stress level (p-value (sig.) > α, 0,365 > 0,05) about adequate sleep and lack of sleep treatment before and after simulation showed a significant distinction and performance level (p-value (sig.) > α, 0,915 > 0,05) showed a significant distinction. The coefitient correlation between stress level and performance level are 0.4, which mean there is strong correlation between stress level and performance level.

A Pragmatic Study on Jouge Kankei among Japanese Native Speakers: Expressions of Reminder

This study aims at investigating the types and categorisation of conversation made by Japanese native speakers. The categorisation of the conversation is made based on vertical relationship (jouge kankei) from the pragmatics perspectives. Descriptive qualitative method is used to conduct the study. The participant of the study includes 14 Japanese native speakers working at Kyoto Minsai Japanese Language School and Palace Side Hotel who took part in role-plays. The results of the study indicate that there is no significant distinction of expressions made by (1) subordinates to their superiors, (2) among colleagues, and (3) from their superiors to their subordinates. These three groups also appear to use similar expressions when talking about promises and requests to borrow books. The distinction was found in expressions made by subordinates to their superiors. In the conversation made among colleagues and by superiors to subordinates, expressions to remind them to return some borrowed books were straightforwardly made. Meanwhile, these straightforward reminders were not found in conversations made by subordinates to their superiors. Additionally, the conversation among colleagues and made by superior to subordinates include expression of emphasizing requests; meanwhile, conversations made by subordinates to superiors do not. In addition, expressions of asking interlocutors’ conditions before reminding to return the book are made by colleagues to colleagues and subordinates to superiors and are not made by superiors to subordinates.