A Proposal for a General Resolution on Cyborgization

In addition to “Prolegomena for Cyborgoethics,” this chapter builds a strong case for the necessity of cyoborgoethics to help guide moral actions and protocols for preserving the vitality of life within a rapidly changing technologically society. The introduction of an all-encompassing ethical system of cyborgization of human beings is deemed necessary in addition to establishing cyborgoethic principles and rethinking the developmental stages of cybernetic implants that pose the question whether we as cyborgs perceive ourselves as the only authors of our life history and whether we will recognize ourselves as autonomously active persons. It is important to establish ethical and legal responsibility for potential cyborgization of the entire reality of mankind.

The author as gesture in Elia Levita’s “Bovo-Bukh”

The paper contains a study case on how ethics influence aesthetics in a literary work. Through a comparison of a Venetian chivalry romance printed in the late 15th century with the Yiddish adaptation of the same Elia Levita originally wrote in Padua in 1507, and then published in Isny, Württemberg in 1541, several differing points are undelined which mirror differences in the relative ethical frameworks of reference. While the characters and the main storyline are substantially the same in both works, the different details in the unfolding of the plot of the Yiddish version show that Levita wrote for a public who shared a different axiology, that is he authored a totally new romance, performing in accordance with the ethical system which his potential readers referred to. This ‘gesture’ in the classical Latin sense of representing a moral background while issuing a literary work carries along both a syncretistic approach to religion and an attitude more respectful of gender equality than the Venetian original does.

Le mal moral chez Avicenne : perspectives éthiques et politiques

Résumé La question du mal problème pose un problème aigu au sein de la doctrine de l’âme d’Avicenne. Comment l’âme humaine qui est une substance spirituelle inaltérable impassible peut-elle être affectée par le mal commis ? Répondre à cette question nécessite l’étude de l’eschatologie avicennienne de même que celle du statut des normes éthiques. Ces dernières ne sont, selon Avicenne, pas universelles et donc pas accessibles à l’intellect mais sont données par la révélation. On ne peut comprendre la question du mal moral chez Avicenne sans la replacer dans le système métaphysique et éthique du philosophe persan. The question of evil poses an acute problem within Avicenna’s doctrine of the soul. How can the human soul, which is an unalterable spiritual substance, be affected by the evil committed? Answering this question requires the study of Avicenna’s eschatology as well as the study of the status of ethical norms. The latter, according to Avicenna, are not universal and therefore not accessible to the intellect but are given by revelation. The question of moral evil in Avicenna cannot be understood without placing it in the metaphysical and ethical system of the Persian philosopher.

Indecipherable Lostness

This chapter explores the play with genre in Kelly Reichardt’s Meek’s Cutoff (2010), a film which troubles the relationship between many familiar signifiers of the western genre—including its mute characters—and their customary significations. The film does not simply rearrange meanings; binary Manichaeism is not replaced by an alternative ethical system, female characters do not become active narrative drivers, and the Native American character does not become heroic. Instead, meaning is complicated, as inarticulate silence disrupts the settlers’ sense of identity and the Native American becomes an inscrutable signifier for both salvation and destruction. This chapter argues that genre is used as a critical (rather than textual) apparatus for marshalling films into pre-arranged significance that relies on the seamless operation of genre signifiers. Meek’s Cutoff makes visible the complications at work in all westerns, invites a reappraisal of these eccentric films, and critiques genre as an ideological knowledge system.

THE HEALTHY MIND AND ITS RELATION TO THE ISLAMIC EDUCATION BETWEEN AL-GHAZALI AND ZAKIAH DARADJAT (A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS STUDY)

Zakiah said that religion is as the psychical need which must be required. In line with her, Ghazali asserted that the knowledge of religion is the basic of his ethical system. Attaining the healthy mind can be gained through Islamic education. This is a qualitative research with the comparative analysis method. The researcher founded that both scholars had a similar conclusion in attaining the healthy mind, one should seek for it through education with stressing on the good manners. However, they have a different way to explain about the definition of the soul and its relation to the healthy mind.

The Inevitable Contingency of Ethics on Theistic Foundations

In this article, the author examines the dependence of ethics on theistic foundations. The Western conception is that ethics is a result of a natural evolutionary process. The Modern West has never accepted or believed in any ethical system governed by religion, and modernity has tried to establish that the universal moral principles are independent of any metaphysical context. The modernity project and rising secularization have taken charge of the field, and religious significance has gone absent from the mainstream, on account of which many challenges have occurred in moral and ethical matters. We will also examine whether Modern Western Civilization has established an ethical code independent of religion and whether we should follow the Western Model, if any. Moreover, this article examines how ethics is a cause and consequence of the development of personality, and no ethical system is ever there without any religious foundations. Human beings are built on the essence of servitude, and virtues evolve from the foundation of servitude. Another area the article focuses on is the challenges faced by the Muslims and how Modern Western Civilization made morality appears as a result of social and psychological evolution. We also study the possibility and impossibility of Good without an omniscient and omnipotent authority. The absoluteness of moral principles and values and the necessity of consciousness are also discussed in this article.

The Reality to Islamic Behavior and The Quality of Human Resources Performance at The Zakat Fund in Lebanon - Dar Al Fatwa

This research aims to reveal the level of Islamic behavior and the quality of the performance of human resources at the Zakat Fund in Lebanon - Dar Al Fatwa, from the point of view of human resources who were estimated at 125 individuals who served in the institution during the period of obtaining the ISO international quality certificate and to compare the results with some partial studies. A questionnaire was designed and analyzed. It expresses the level of Islamic behavior through its four domains related to its ethical system represented in behavior towards the Almighty God, towards the self, and towards others. Its dimensions were chosen through politeness with God Almighty, integrity, humility, and environmental behavior, within the framework of three main axes that are the work environment, the personal environment and Islamic behavior training. The quality of human resources performance has been measured through the dimensions of the ServQual scale, which expresses the quality of performance. The SPSS program was used to analyze the respondents' estimates. This research clarifies the Islamic view on the necessity to balance behavior and not to contradict it between the work environment, and the personal environment, and the importance of behavioral training. It also points out the need to work on standards of behavior in order to focus on improving performance. This paper attempts to provide a measure to verify the level of quality of performance, and the level of Islamic behavior in line with Islam in its behavioral view that stresses the homogeneity of behavior in the workplace, the personal environment, and behavioral training. This measure will support the civilized view of Islam and its institutions and alleviate Islamophobia.