POLITENESS STRATEGIES USED BY JO AND AMY MARCH ON LITTLE WOMEN

This study aims to determine the identity captured from the politeness strategies used by Jo and Amy March on Little Women movie. To analyze the description of politeness strategies used by Jo and Amy March as the main characters in the film, the researcher used the theory of Leech on maxim politeness. Then, this study is using a qualitative descriptive method. Based on the results that have found from Jo and Amy March’s dialogue, they are dominant using agreement maxim because of a close relationship between their family, and also they have close relation and intensiveness with their sisters.

POLITENESS STRATEGIES ANALYSIS REFLECTED IN LITTLE WOMEN MOVIE BY GRETA GERWIG

This research mostly discusses the politeness strategies that is shown in Little Women movie. Politeness is a social behaviour to a speaker towards deferent wishes of the addressee in different concerns. The purpose of this study is to find the politeness strategies and the most-frequent strategy that is used in Little Women movie. Based on Brown and Levinson (1978), there are four types of politeness strategies. Those are bald on record, positive politeness, negative politeness, and off record. Descriptive qualitative method was selected to analysed the data. The theory that are applied in this study are Brown and Levinson’s theory (1978), which concerns about the politeness strategies. The result of this term paper was shown that all of the characters use all the politeness strategies from Brown and Levinson and the most frequent strategy that is used by the characters is positive politeness. The researchers hope that this research will help the readers to get a better understanding about politeness strategies based on Brown and Levinson.

A Study of Requests Made by Negative Politeness in English Movies and Their Persian Subtitles

Based on Brown & Levinson’s politeness theory (1987), this paper sought to explore the negative politeness sub-strategies in English and Persian requests by analyzing the Persian subtitles of each British and American movie consisting of Little Women (2019), The Man Who Knew Infinity (2015), Twilight (2008), and Twilight and the New Moon (2009). The aim was to define the frequency of applied sub-strategies in both languages and the cultural differences in applying them. In addition, Persian subtitles of requests were studied based on Newmark’s translation procedures (1988) to both define the frequency of employed strategies and measure the precision of rendered utterances. Being fifty-one in bulk, all kinds of requests extracted from movies were analyzed. The study revealed that ‘State the FTA as a general rule’, ‘Nominalize’, and ‘Go on record as incurring a debt’ were absent in both languages. The highest and the lowest frequency of sub-strategies belonged to ‘Question/Hedge’ and ‘Apologize’ respectively. The frequency of each sub-strategy of ‘Impersonalize S & H’ and ‘Give deference’ was far higher in Persian from English. As to the translation, out of sixteen procedures, eleven of them were used. ‘Literal Translation’, ‘Functional Equivalent’, and ‘Reduction’ were the most frequently used strategies. Furthermore, subtitle of an utterance was rendered not according to the context in the movie.