scholarly journals A Study of Requests Made by Negative Politeness in English Movies and Their Persian Subtitles

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 216
Author(s):  
Sahar Yaghoubzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
General Rule ◽  
Politeness Theory ◽  
Literal Translation ◽  
Little Women ◽  
Functional Equivalent ◽  
New Moon

Based on Brown & Levinson’s politeness theory (1987), this paper sought to explore the negative politeness sub-strategies in English and Persian requests by analyzing the Persian subtitles of each British and American movie consisting of Little Women (2019), The Man Who Knew Infinity (2015), Twilight (2008), and Twilight and the New Moon (2009). The aim was to define the frequency of applied sub-strategies in both languages and the cultural differences in applying them. In addition, Persian subtitles of requests were studied based on Newmark’s translation procedures (1988) to both define the frequency of employed strategies and measure the precision of rendered utterances. Being fifty-one in bulk, all kinds of requests extracted from movies were analyzed. The study revealed that ‘State the FTA as a general rule’, ‘Nominalize’, and ‘Go on record as incurring a debt’ were absent in both languages. The highest and the lowest frequency of sub-strategies belonged to ‘Question/Hedge’ and ‘Apologize’ respectively. The frequency of each sub-strategy of ‘Impersonalize S & H’ and ‘Give deference’ was far higher in Persian from English. As to the translation, out of sixteen procedures, eleven of them were used. ‘Literal Translation’, ‘Functional Equivalent’, and ‘Reduction’ were the most frequently used strategies. Furthermore, subtitle of an utterance was rendered not according to the context in the movie.

scholarly journals AN ANALYSIS OF THE TRANSLATION OF TABOO WORDS IN CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE MOVIE

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-86
Author(s):  
Luthfira Isnaeni Widhi ◽  
Neneng Sri Wahyuningsih ◽  
Sulistini Dwi Putranti
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Data Reduction ◽  
Taboo Word ◽  
Literal Translation ◽  
Functional Equivalent ◽  
Taboo Words

This study is about an analysis of the translation of taboo words in “Central Intelligence” movie. It is to shed the type of taboo words and the procedures applied to translate the taboo words. The theories used in this study are from Timothy Jay (1992) to classify the types of taboo words and a theory from Peter Newmark (1987) to analyze the translation procedures. The data are taken from the movie entitled Central Intelligence by choosing 20 data out of 65 data of taboo words. The result of the analysis shows that are seven translation procedures employed in the translation of taboo word. They are cultural equivalent (seven data), reduction (four data), functional equivalent (three data), paraphrase (three data), naturalization, through translation and literal translation (one data each). For the types of the taboo words, the result shows that there are eight types of taboo words of the 20 selected data. They are insult and slurs (four data), profanity (one data), taboo (two data), epithets (three data), slang (four data), scatology (one data), vulgarity (three data) and cursing (two data) of ten types proposed by Timothy Jay. From this study, it is concluded that the taboo words from the SL cannot always be translated into the taboo words in the TL because of the cultural differences.

THE ANALYSIS OF TRANSLATION PROCEDURES IN SUBTITLE OF “BOYCHOIR” MOVIE

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 265
Author(s):  
Nilda Iman Syahrani ◽  
Amri Tanduklangi ◽  
Muhammad Khusnun Muhsin
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Literal Translation ◽  
Functional Equivalent ◽  
Translation Procedure ◽  
The Way

The purposes of this study are to anlyze the translation procedure and the way of the translator in translating the subtitle of Boychoir movie. The scope of this study is focused   on   the   type   of   translation   procedures   in translating the subtitle movie and also analyze the way of the translator in translating the subtitle on Newmark’s (1988:81) translation procedures which the procedures consist of 18 types. The methodology of this study was qualitative research. The researcher analyzed the data descriptively and presented the analysis result in the explanation form and supported by data presented in the form of table. In analyzing the data the procedures were as follows: juxtaposing both of English and Indonesian version, identifying, analyzing and classifying, and calculating the total numbers. The translation procedures found in the subtitle of the movie were literal translation, transference, naturalisation, cultural      equivalent, functional equivalent, synonymy, transpositions, modulation,     reduction     and     expansion, couplets. Keywords: Translation, Translation procedure, Subtitle, Boychoir movie

Application of Compensatory Translation Approach to English Idioms

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 978
Author(s):  
Linli Chen
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Chinese Translation ◽  
Literal Translation ◽  
Cultural Connotation ◽  
National Characteristics ◽  
Free Translation ◽  
Chinese Idioms

Idioms, the gems of a language, best reflect the national characteristics embodied in a language and always have rich national flavor and cultural connotation. It is not easy to translate idioms since not all English idioms have equivalents in Chinese idioms mainly due to cultural differences. There are six translation approaches in translating English idioms into Chinese: compensatory translation, literal translation, free translation, borrowing, integrated approach, explanational translation. This paper aims to propose the compensatory translation approach, one of the important and indispensable tactics to Chinese translation of English idioms based on Eugene A. Nida’s equivalence view. It is worth discussing on compensatory translation approach to English idioms from cultural perspective so as to better understand the application of this tactic, hoping to cast some enlightenment on further research in this area.

scholarly journals Problems and Solutions in English Translations of Malay Short Stories

2018 ◽  
pp. 1158-1166
Author(s):  
Samantha Yap Choy Wan ◽  
Adeela Abu Bakar ◽  
Mansour Amini ◽  
Shameem Rafik-Galea
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Common Procedure ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Literal Translation ◽  
English Translations ◽  
Problems And Solutions ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Interpreter Training

The Malay stories of Pelanduk yang Bijak, Peniup Seruling and Seuncang Padi were translated to English, and analysed to identify the translation problems. The procedures were also investigated to find solutions for the problems using translation procedures as the framework for data analysis. After the translation of the stories, the source and target texts were analysed to identify problems and procedures. The findings of the study indicated two types of problems in the Malay-English translations of the stories; structural or semantic problems, and problems arising from cultural differences. Among various translation procedures used in the translations, literal translation was the most common procedure in the translation of the Malay stories. The findings from translations and the analyses in this study could be utilised in translator and interpreter training classrooms. Finding solutions to the translation problems could improve translators’ ability to better theorise while translating, and thus produce “good” translations, particularly in the translation of literary works from Malay to English. This study could have pedagogical significance, as the Malay short stories contain moral lessons by which Malay culture could be further introduced and “exported” to the English-speaking audience through literature.

scholarly journals APPROPRIATIZING POLITENESS THEORY FOR INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION IN ELT

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahmat Yusny
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
Western Culture ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Politeness Theory

The theory of politeness suggests strategies in social interaction by which a person can use to save the hearer’s face upon the effect of face-threatening acts or FTAs. Face threatening acts are described by Brown and Levinson as the acts that infringe the hearer’s need of maintaining his/her self-esteem and be respected. Brown and Levinson accepted that the notion of face is respected as universal norms or values subscribed to by the members of the society. In that regard, this article provides a discussion about various viewpoints on the debate of universality of politeness theory and criticisms addressed by eastern-pragmaticists that this theory should not be seen as universally applicable. Cultural differences, as suggested by non-western pragmaticists, accord what is accepted in the context of face in western culture to be not accepted in other cultures. Therefeore, although we accept that Brown & Levinson’s theory has made a significant breakthrough in elaborating politeness, appropriation of this theory should be accounted in intercultural communication instead to accept it as universal.

scholarly journals The Translation of Indonesian Cultural Lexicons in the Novel Saman

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Evert H. Hilman
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Loan Words ◽  
Loan Word ◽  
Functional Equivalent ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

Article was aimed to explore and identity the manners used by the translator in translating the Indonesian cultural lexicon in the novel Saman into English, and to find out which manners that contained the least semantic shifts concerning the problems of meaning related to cultural differences. Method applied was descriptive qualitative research by collecting and analyzing both the Indonesian and English versions of the novel. The samples were classified by Newmark four categories: loan words, cultural equivalent, functional equivalent, and addition. It can be concluded that there are only seven manners found from the collected data but only four manners used in the analysis, they are loan word, cultural equivalent, functional equivalent, and addition.

scholarly journals Translating Collocations from English into Arabic and vice versa: An Empirical Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Abaker
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
University Students ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Literal Translation ◽  
Translation Strategy ◽  
Efl Students ◽  
Grammatical Dependencies

Collocations are defined as ''the frequent co-occurrence of lexical items that naturally share the characteristics of semantic and grammatical dependencies"(Ibrahim, 2003: iii). In translation, collocations are considered a factor that makes translation more effective and powerful. However, translating collocations is an everlasting struggle for most students of translation. The present study aims at investigating the challenges that Sudanese EFL university students encounter when rendering English collocations into their Arabic equivalences and vice versa as well as the reasons behind these challenges. To this end, 26 Sudanese EFL students, between 20-30 years old, studying at Nahda College in Sudan, were selected. A diagnostic test composed of two questions is used as a tool for data collection. Frequencies, percentages, mean, and standard deviation are used to analyse the collected data. The results of this study manifests that Sudanese EFL university students encounter difficulties in translating collocations from English into Arabic and vice versa; the causes of these difficulties are due to students’ unawareness of the linguistic and cultural differences between the two languages as well as their heavy reliance on literal translation strategy.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Translation Procedures Found in the Translation of Movie Subtitle: Zootopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Fenti Rizki Ananda ◽  
Diana Chitra Hasan ◽  
Temmy Thamrin
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Intended Audience ◽  
Literal Translation ◽  
The World ◽  
Functional Equivalent ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

In this research, the writer attempts to find out the translation procedures in the translation of movie subtitle: Zootopia from English to Indonesian subtitle to determine the intended audience of the movie. The research used a descriptive qualitative method. The data of this research are the utterances or sentences in movie subtitle both English and Indonesian with the source of the data of this research is Zootopia movie. The writer used Indonesian subtitle from the site called subscene where the translators around the world could translate movies into many languages. The data collected by watching the movie with both English and Indonesian subtitles, and categorized the collected data based on each translation procedures of Newmark. The writer figured out that the intended audience is all ages group and the writer also found ten translation procedures used in the movie subtitle: Zootopia. The ten translation procedures are couplets, modulation, paraphrase, reduction, literal translation, cultural equivalent, transference, functional equivalent, naturalisation, transposition/shifts. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that the intended audience of Zootopia movie is all ages group and there are ten from nineteen procedures are found in the movie subtitle: Zootopia.  

scholarly journals Directive illocutionary acts ‘suggest’ and its translation found in the novel new moon

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (S3) ◽  
pp. 250-259
Author(s):  
Dewa Made Agustawan
Keyword(s):  
The Novel ◽  
Note Taking ◽  
Literal Translation ◽  
Illocutionary Acts ◽  
New Moon

The aim of this research is to determine the translation procedures of directive illocutionary acts ‘order’ found in the novel New Moon translated into Indonesian. The method in collecting the data using several steps, such as: note-taking, identifying the data, arranging the data, and classifying the data in the form of a table. The analysis uses the theory of translation procedures proposed by Vinay and Darbelnet in Venuti (2000) and the theory of directive illocutionary acts that are proposed by Searle (1969). The finding of the research is that there is directive illocutionary acts ‘suggest’ found in the novel “New Moon.” Secondly, the types of translation procedures that are found in the novel are only two out of seven procedures obtained from the novel namely; literal translation, and transposition.

scholarly journals The Procedure Applied in Translating Jargon in English Parliamentary Debating into Indonesian

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Ni Luh Putu Krisnawati
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Popular Culture ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Literal Translation ◽  
The World ◽  
Functional Equivalent ◽  
University Level ◽  
Translation Procedure

At present, competition regarding English debating is a common thing. All countries are competing in the World Debating Competition either for high school or university level. The spread of this “popular culture” has made other country to adopt the English debating system and translate that system into their native language. However it cannot be denied that there are also many jargons that need to be translated into the native language without changing the meaning. This research is focused on the jargons of the English parliamentary debating and its translation into Indonesia. The aims of this study are to identify the jargons in English parliamentary debating and its equivalence in Indonesia and also to know the procedures used in translating the jargons  in English parliamentary debating into Indonesia. The theory used for this study is the theory proposed by Peter Newmark (1988) regarding the procedure of translation. The findings shows that they are five procedure of translation used in translating the jargons of English parliamentary debating into Indonesia namely literal translation, functional equivalent, couplets, transference, and naturalization.Keywords: translation, English parliamentary debating, translation procedure

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