Concepts of Hyperloop Wireless Communication at 1200 km/h: 5G, Wi-Fi, Propagation, Doppler and Handover

The new generation of capsules that circulate through vacuum tubes at speeds up to 1200 km/h, which is being developed, demands communication systems that can operate at these speeds with high capacity and quality of service. Currently, the two technologies available are the new generation of 802.11ax networks and 5G NR. Using these technologies at such high speeds in a confined environment requires a careful study and design of the configuration of the network and optimization of the physical interface. This paper describes the requirements for critical and business communications, proposing a WLAN and 5G network design based on the analysis of the propagation characteristics and constraints of vacuum tubes and using propagation measurements and simulations made in similar environments at frequencies of 2.5/5.7/24 GHz. These measurements and simulations show that propagation losses in this environment are low (4–5 dB/100 m), as a consequence of the guided propagation, so that the use of bands is preferred. Finally, considering the propagation constraints and requirements of a Hyperloop system, a complete wireless communication system is proposed using two networks with 802.11 and 5G technology.

Why do we need to Introduce Temporal Behavior in Both Modern Science and Modern Computing, with an Outlook to Researching Modern Effects/Materials and Technologies

Classic science seemed to be completed more than a century ago, facing only a few (but growing number of!) unexplained issues. Introducing time-dependence into classic science explained those issues, and its consequent use led to the birth of a series of modern sciences, including relativistic and quantum physics. Classic computing is based on the paradigm proposed by von Neumann for vacuum tubes only, which seems to be completed in the same sense. Von Neumann warned, however, that implementing computers under more advanced technological conditions, using the paradigm without considering the transfer time (and especially attempting to imitate neural operation), would be unsound. However, classic computing science persists in neglecting the transfer time and is facing a few (but growing number of!) unexplained issues, and its development stalled in most of its fields. Introducing time-dependence into the classic computing science explains those issues and discovers the reasons for its experienced stalling. It can lead to a revolution in computing, resulting in a modern computing science, in the same way, as it resulted in modern science's birth.

Analisis Perbandingan Kualitas Produk Amplikon Gen PMSA2 Antara Spesimen Spot Darah Kering dan Vena

This study is aimed to analyze the comparative quality of PMSA2 gene amplicon product stability from two different specimen sources, spot specimens of dried blood and venous blood, as well as selecting the best storage method for specimens of blood samples. This research uses descriptive laboratory research methods. The research began with the process of sample preparation for dried blood spot and venous blood, each using Whatman 903 paper and vacuum tubes containing EDTA, isolating genomic DNA using KIT Zymo Research, amplification of PMSA-2 genes with PCR, detection of PCR products through electrophoresis, measurement of DNA concentration and absorbance, and data analysis. The results of this study are expected to be a source of information about the advantages of two specimen storage methods for clinical blood samples, as well as providing a clear description of the quality of each specimen storage method based on the quality of its amplicon products. The results showed that a total of ten medical samples of dried blood spot and ten venous blood were isolated from the genomic DNA of ten and nine, respectively. PMSA2 gene amplicons detected were seven in venous blood and six in dried blood spot. Venous blood specimens have sensitivity in detecting PMSA genes in samples with the highest value of 554 ng / μL and purity of 2,007 (WB7), and concentration of 550.2 and highest purity of 2,076 (WB10). Venous blood storage techniques using categorized vacuum tubes are effective in the detection of PMSA2 genes and have time efficiency in the process. From these results it was also concluded that the comparison analysis of amplicon products between venous blood specimens was better, more stable and efficient than dry blood spot specimens, thus recommending storage of venous blood specimens using vacuum tubes as the best storage method of blood sample specimens.

Review of the high-power vacuum tube microwave sources based on Cherenkov radiation

Since the first vacuum tube (X-ray tube) was invented by Wilhelm Röntgen in Germany, after more than one hundred years of development, the average power density of the vacuum tube microwave source has reached the order of 108 [MW][GHz]2. In the high-power microwave field, the vacuum devices are still the mainstream microwave sources for applications such as scientific instruments, communications, radars, magnetic confinement fusion heating, microwave weapons, etc. The principles of microwave generation by vacuum tube microwave sources include Cherenkov or Smith-Purcell radiation, transition radiation, and Bremsstrahlung. In this paper, the vacuum tube microwave sources based on Cherenkov radiation were reviewed. Among them, the multi-wave Cherenkov generators can produce 15 GW output power in X-band. Cherenkov radiation vacuum tubes that can achieve continuous-wave operation include Traveling Wave Tubes and Magnetrons, with output power up to 1MW. Cherenkov radiation vacuum tubes that can generate frequencies of the order of 100 GHz and above include Traveling Wave Tubes, Backward Wave Oscillators, Magnetrons, Surface Wave Oscillators, Orotrons, etc.

An Optimized Method for Dynamic Super Blocks

Numerous hackers worldwide would concur that, had it not been for semaphores, the copying of predictable hashing may never have happened. Truth be told, couple of hackers worldwide would differ with the assessment of vacuum tubes, which epitomizes the private standards of operating systems. Our concentrate here is not on whether Smalltalk and SMPs [5] are consistently contradictory, but instead on proposing a straight time device for outfitting IPv6 (FlitNay).