major salivary glands
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2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-132
Author(s):  
Mrunali Jambhulkar ◽  
Devendra Palve ◽  
Deepali Mohite ◽  
Snehal Udapure ◽  
Vinanti Bodele ◽  
...  

Sialadenitis is the inflammation of the major salivary glands. It is an insidious inflammatory disease of the major salivary glands which may lead to the development of fibrous masses. The most frequent cause of sialadenitis is the presence of a salivary duct calculi, the sialolith. Sialolithiasis is the presence of stones in the salivary gland. It presents with pain and tenderness in the affected area. A 56-year old male patient had reported in the department with pain and swelling in the right lower back region of the jaw since 7 days. On clinical, radiographic and histopathological examination, a case of sialolith was reported in the right submandibular gland along with sialadenitis.


Author(s):  
Michał Kunc ◽  
Alexandra Kamieniecki ◽  
Grzegorz Walczak ◽  
Tomasz Nowicki ◽  
Bartosz Wasąg ◽  
...  

AbstractEctopic thymic carcinomas are rarely diagnosed in the thyroid gland, let alone in extrathyroid tissues. In the currently available literature, only five cases of extrathyroidal malignancies with thymic differentiation have been reported as arising in the major salivary glands. A 69-year-old female presented with a slow-growing palpable mass in the left parotid gland. Fine needle aspiration biopsy suggested metastatic cancer, whereas core needle biopsy revealed high-grade squamous cell carcinoma. The patient underwent left radical parotidectomy with selective ipsilateral lymph node dissection and subsequent radiation therapy. The surgical specimen was taken for histopathological examination. Microscopically, the tumor resembled thymic carcinoma. It was composed of large nests of squamoid cells with smooth contours, focally with a syncytial growth pattern, and accompanied by abundant lymphocytes with reactive lymphoid follicles. This appearance resembled a micronodular thymic carcinoma with lymphoid hyperplasia. Moreover, the tumor displayed expression of squamous markers (p40 and p63) and markers of thymic carcinoma (CD5 and CD117). Therefore, the final diagnosis of intrasalivary thymic carcinoma was rendered. The molecular analysis including next-generation sequencing demonstrated no variants of the strong, potential, or unknown clinical significance. The patient remains disease-free at 1-year follow-up. In the current case, we comprehensively present a clinical, microscopic, molecular, and radiological picture of CD5-positive squamous cell carcinoma of the parotid. We postulate that similar cases should be designated as intrasalivary thymic carcinoma analogically to similar thyroid tumors. Our case and the limited literature data indicate they should be distinguished from conventional squamous cell carcinoma of major salivary glands due to their rather favorable prognosis.


Author(s):  
Eustáquio A. Resende ◽  
Nathália R. Gomes ◽  
Lucas G. Abreu ◽  
Mauricio A. A. Castro ◽  
Maria C. F. Aguiar

Objectives: The purpose of the present scoping review was to determine the contribution of ultrasound (US) images in the diagnosis of inflammatory and obstructive diseases of the major salivary glands (MSG). Methods: A search of studies of ultrasonographic assessments of human samples was performed in several electronic databases and grey literature up to July 2021. The extracted data were the examined MSG; the diagnostic value of US (sensibility, specificity, positive and negative predictive value, accuracy); features of lesions, including number, echogenicity, echotexture, form, margins, size, posterior acoustic aspect, and location; and related clinical information, such as swelling, palpation, sensible to pain, salivation, lymph nodes, recurrence, duration, and causes. Results: After verifying the eligibility criteria, 91 articles focused on detecting inflammatory, and obstructive diseases of the MSG were gathered, with variable study designs and size samples. A wide variety of pathologies were assessed, including sialolitiasis (n = 45), acute sialadenitis (n = 30), chronic sialadenitis (n = 25), granulamatous diseases (n = 15), Kuttner’s tumor (n = 11), juvenile recurrent parotitis (n = 9), abscess (n = 7), post radiotherapy sialadenitis (n = 6), sialadenosis (n = 9), abscess (n = 7), post radiotherapy sialadenitis (n = 6), sialadenosis (n = 9), IgG4 related disease sialadenitis (n = 5), HIV-sialadenitis (n = 4), obstructive sialadenitis (n = 3), iodinated contrast-induced sialadenitis (n = 2), and pneumoparotitis (n = 1). Most studies were case reports or series of cases. Few studies exhibited data about the accuracy of US in detecting MSG diseases. Conclusions: The present scoping review concluded that US aspects of different MSG pathologies are similar but contribute to their differential diagnosis and can be considered as a valuable initial method for assessing the MSG of adults and children.


PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0259519
Author(s):  
Hong Ki Min ◽  
Se-Hee Kim ◽  
Youngjae Park ◽  
Kyung-Ann Lee ◽  
Seung-Ki Kwok ◽  
...  

Purpose To investigate salivary gland ultrasonography (SGUS) findings in primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) patients positive for the anti-centromere antibody (ACA) and compare these with those in ACA-negative pSS patients. Methods We analyzed demographic, clinical, laboratory, and SGUS data of pSS patients who fulfilled the 2002 American-European Consensus Group classification criteria for pSS. SGUS findings of four major salivary glands (bilateral parotid and submandibular glands) were scored in five categories and compared between ACA-positive and ACA-negative pSS patients. Linear regression analysis was performed to elucidate the factors associated with SGUS score. Results In total, 121 pSS patients were enrolled (19, ACA-positive). The ACA-positive patients were older (67.0 vs 58.0 years, P = 0.028), whereas anti-Ro/SSA and anti-La/SSB positivity was more prevalent in the ACA-negative group (89.2% vs 21.1%, P < 0.001, and 47.1% vs 10.5%, P = 0.007, respectively). The total SGUS and hypoechoic area scores were lower in ACA-positive patients (16.0 vs 23.0, P = 0.027, and 4.0 vs 7.0, P = 0.004, respectively). In univariate regression analysis, being positive for unstimulated salivary flow rate (USFR < 1.5 ml/15 min), anti-Ro/SSA, and rheumatoid factor were positively associated whereas ACA positivity was negatively associated with the SGUS score. In multivariate regression analysis, being positive for USFR, anti-Ro/SSA, and rheumatoid factor showed significant association with the SGUS score. Conclusions ACA-positive pSS patients showed a lower SGUS score than ACA-negative patients, which was especially prominent in the hypoechoic area component.


2021 ◽  
pp. 20200485
Author(s):  
Can Wang ◽  
Qiang Yu ◽  
Siyi Li ◽  
Jingjing Sun ◽  
Ling Zhu ◽  
...  

Objectives: To describe the CT and MR imaging characteristics of primary carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (Ca-ex-PA) in major salivary glands and present more information for recognizing this malignancy. Methods: 212 patients with primary Ca-ex-PA in major salivary glands (169 in the parotid gland, 36 in the submandibular gland, 7 in the sublingual gland) underwent CT and MR imaging (plain and contrast-enhanced scans) prior to surgical management and histopathological examination. The CT and MR imaging findings of this condition were retrospectively reviewed and correlated with their pathological types: non-invasive carcinoma (Type I, 37 cases), minimally invasive carcinoma (Type II, 18 cases), and widely invasive carcinoma (TypeIII, 157 cases). The binary logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the independent influencing factors of morphology and boundary for differentiating between Type I/II and Type III of Ca-ex-PA, and the sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value were calculated. Differences in apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values between Type I/II and Type III of Ca-ex-PA were calculated by independent sample t-tests. Results: On CT and MR imaging, there were 190/212 cases (89.6%) identified as lobular, 203/212 cases (95.8%) with enhancement, and 173/212 cases (81.6%) with inhomogeneous after contrast administration.Calcification within the mass was shown in 76 of 192 cases (39.6%) on plain CT examination. Of 55 neoplasms with Type I and II, 38 (69.1%) were presented as round or oval and 42 (76.4%) as well-defined margins. Of 157 neoplasms with Type III, 103 (65.6%) were presented as irregular form and 110 (70.1%) as uneven margins or with partial uneven margins.The sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value for distinguishing Type I/II and Type III tumors according to the morphology and boundary were 78.34%, 63.64% and 86.01%, respectively. The mean ADC value of Ca-ex-PA (22 cases) in major salivary glands was about 0.93 × 10−3 mm2 s−1, and there was no significant difference in mean ADC value between Type I/II and Type III of this neoplasm. Cervical lymph node metastasis and distance metastasis were found in 67 patients (31.6%, Type III) and 32 patients (15.1%, Type I in 1; Type II in 1; and Type III in 30), respectively. Conclusions: Most Ca-ex-PA is characterized by an irregular, lobular, and inhomogeneous enhanced neoplasm with uneven margin or partial uneven margin on CT and MR imaging, which is frequently corresponding with Type III. And a round or oval mass with well-defined margin usually correlates with Type I and II. Morphology and boundary are important basis for distinguishing Type I/II and Type III tumors. Calcification within the neoplasm shown on CT may be regarded as a specific sign for indicating this malignancy. Low ADC value is an important manifestation of this neoplasm.Ca-ex-PA with Type III is more likely to have cervical lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
François Robin ◽  
Jean‐David Albert ◽  
Alain Lescoat ◽  
Amélie Martel ◽  
Aleth Perdriger ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Ahmed A. Zahrani ◽  
Ahmed Qannam ◽  
Ra’ed Al Sadhan ◽  
Ibrahim O. Bello

Lipomas are relatively rare in the head and neck, and sialolipoma was described as an entity about 20 years ago as lipoma that entraps salivary gland tissue. Less than 10 cases have been described in the floor of the mouth not related to the major salivary glands. Here, we report a case of sialolipoma affecting the floor of the mouth in a 47-year-old patient and reviewed the clinical, histologic, and immunohistochemical characteristics of the lesion.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingjing Sun ◽  
Sirui Liu ◽  
Kun Fu ◽  
Ning Gao ◽  
Rui Li ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Secretory carcinoma of salivary glands (SCSGs) are generally low-grade salivary gland carcinomas, and are characterized by morphological resemblance to mammary analogue secretory carcinoma and ETV6–NTRK3 gene fusion. Several reports on histopathological features of SCSG have recently been published; however, little is known about the clinical characteristics of this new tumor, including its outcomes. The research is to investigate the clinicopathological characteristics of secretory carcinoma of major salivary glands and to analyze outcomes of these carcinomas as a reference for standardizing their diagnosis and treatment. Methods The cohort of this retrospective study comprised 23 patients treated for histopathologically-confirmed SCSG between January 2010 and December 2020. Their clinical characteristics and outcomes were retrieved from patient files. Results The 23 patients comprised 13 male and 10 female patients (male:female ratio 1.3:1). They were aged 10–69 years (median 45 years) and the average duration of disease was 2.44 years (0.25–20 years). Twenty-one patients (91.3%) had SCSGs in the parotid gland and two (8.7%) in the submandibular gland. All 23 patients had single nodules with diameters of 0.8–4.8 cm (average 2.6 cm). Five patients had lymph node metastases and two had distant metastases. All tumors were pathologically diagnosed as SCSGs. Immunohistochemical staining was strongly positive for S-100, mammaglobin, CK7, and Gata3, and negative for Dog1, P63 and calponin. Ki-67 positivity ranged from 1–50%. Fluorescence in situ hybridization data were available for 15 patients, in all of whom ETV6 gene rearrangement was confirmed. All patients had undergone oncological resections. Four had radioactive particles implanted postoperatively, one received chemotherapy, and seven underwent chemoradiotherapy. Six patients had regional recurrences, two distant metastases, and one had died at the time of last follow-up. Conclusions SCSGs are typically indolent with a low rate of locoregional recurrence and excellent survival. Their prognosis is correlated with clinical stage, pathological grade, and surgical procedures performed.


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