Experiencia y emoción en arquitectura religiosa

Desde su inicio, la arquitectura ha sido capaz de influir en la experiencia y la emoción de las personas. Sin embargo, a partir de la segunda mitad del siglo XX, la teoría de la arquitectura ha potenciado estos dos aspectos en aquéllos que dejan de concebirse como usuarios para reconocerse como habitantes. La arquitectura religiosa no escapa de esta realidad, puesto que, aunado a su carácter sagrado, está el hecho de que varios arquitectos, entre los que destaca el japonés Tadao Ando, se han concentrado en potenciar la vivencia desde la corporeidad. Con base en lo anterior, el presente documento tiene como objetivo analizar la forma en la que Tadao Ando materializa sus espacios religiosos, priorizando la experiencia y la emoción. Para ello, se analizan tres templos ubicados en Japón: la Capilla del Viento, la Capilla sobre el Agua y la Iglesia de la Luz.

Parametric atmospheres: An investigation of light, material and mass as the generator for design atmosphere

<p>Parametric design today is largely embedded within a traditional trajectory. Current use largely sees the role of computers in the design studio operate at a low level, fulfilling no more sophisticated tasks than which was formerly achieved by hand. What motivation there is for parametric design tools seems to be largely inspired by a visual aesthetic. Manipulating relationships between architectural elements to design atmosphere is a long established physical process. By utilising the computer to accurately simulate spatial qualities, I propose the genesis of something more novel. The quantification of atmosphere within a digital toolset allows the designer to accurately control light, material and mass through complex networks of parametric relationships. Simulating and researching architectural atmosphere from architects Peter Zumthor and Tadao Ando allows this thesis to demonstrate a methodology for accurately simulating architectural atmosphere through the generation of geometry in Grasshopper and simulation of real site specific lighting data in 3ds Max. This thesis presents a methodology for how digital parametric design techniques enable greater flexibility and control in designing atmospheric architecture.</p>

Parametric atmospheres: An investigation of light, material and mass as the generator for design atmosphere

<p>Parametric design today is largely embedded within a traditional trajectory. Current use largely sees the role of computers in the design studio operate at a low level, fulfilling no more sophisticated tasks than which was formerly achieved by hand. What motivation there is for parametric design tools seems to be largely inspired by a visual aesthetic. Manipulating relationships between architectural elements to design atmosphere is a long established physical process. By utilising the computer to accurately simulate spatial qualities, I propose the genesis of something more novel. The quantification of atmosphere within a digital toolset allows the designer to accurately control light, material and mass through complex networks of parametric relationships. Simulating and researching architectural atmosphere from architects Peter Zumthor and Tadao Ando allows this thesis to demonstrate a methodology for accurately simulating architectural atmosphere through the generation of geometry in Grasshopper and simulation of real site specific lighting data in 3ds Max. This thesis presents a methodology for how digital parametric design techniques enable greater flexibility and control in designing atmospheric architecture.</p>

Lao Tze and Confucius' philosophies influenced the designs of Kisho Kurokawa and Tadao Ando

Japanese architecture retains the characteristic of appreciating its culture, despite the growing influence of Western architecture. Based on this issue, it is a very interesting area to study to understand the design concepts behind two masterpieces from the world’s architects Kisho Kurokawa and Tadao Ando. This study uses a qualitative method by analyzing theories and case studies in the work of the architects Kisho Kurokawa and Tadao Ando. It conducts the following detailed analyses; (a) Western architects who influenced both design concepts; (b) The primary considerations of the two architects in facing the demands of the times. The study concludes that Kisho Kurokawa was influenced by Kenzo Tange, while Tadao Ando has been influenced by Le Corbusier and Louis Khan. The primary consideration of Kisho Kurokawa is Hanasuki, while for Tadao Ando it is Shintai. The findings in this study are that the two architects in the design concept were inspired by Japanese culture, where Japanese culture is influenced by the philosophy of Lau Tze and Confucius.

La fenomenología de la percepción como estrategia de enseñanzaaprendizaje del proceso proyectual en arquitectura. La cuestión sensorial en las experiencias pedagógicas de diseño

La arquitectura fenomenológica permite incorporar emociones y sentidos al diseño y la aprehensión del espacio. Desde el ejercicio profesional, numerosos referentes internacionales del campo disciplinar (Zumthor, Tadao Ando, Siza, Miralles, entre otros) han adherido a estos principios, logrando vincular las experiencias sensibles del efecto de la luz, el recorrido, el disfrute del color y la promoción de vivencias perdurables con el espacio arquitectónico. En este contexto, se presenta el desafío de tematizar estas nociones en la enseñanza de la arquitectura dentro del segundo año del ciclo básico de la formación universitaria, en particular en el proceso proyectual. Se espera que, en su trayecto por la asignatura, el alumno incorpore a sus saberes los fundamentos del manejo del espacio y los efectos que este puede provocar en los sentidos. La práctica llevada adelante permite demostrar que, por medio de la “fenomenología de lo bello” (Bermúdez, 2009), los procesos de aprendizaje resultan significativos (Ausubel, 1983). A partir de una serie de ejercicios perceptuales que los alumnos desarrollan en fase presencial, apoyados por los recursos audiovisuales y fotográficos de una plataforma virtual, se propone establecer la relación entre los principios fenomenológicos vertidos en taller y la medida en que se reflejan en los proyectos de los estudiantes.

CONCEPT OF PRESERVATION OF THE AUTHENTICITY OF HISTORICAL OBJECTS IN THE ARCHITECTURAL PRACTICE OF THE XXI CENTURY

Принцип сохранения подлинности исторических объектов утвердился в современной практике как устоявшаяся норма профессии. При этом приспособление к новым функциям обуславливает необходимость применения средств современной архитектуры. В рамках статьи предлагается проследить, какими способами устанавливается взаимосвязь современной архитектуры с историческими объектами, их непосредственным окружением и культурно-историческим контекстом на примере работ двух знаменитых архитектурных бюро — “Tadao Ando Architecture & Associate” и “Herzog & de Meuron Architekten”. The principle of preserving the authenticity of historical objects has established itself in modern practice as a cultural norm of the profession. At the same time, adaptation to new functions necessitates the use of contemporary architecture. The article is devoted to the ways in which the relationship of modern architecture with historical objects, their immediate environment and cultural and historical context is established on the example of the works of two famous architectural bureaus — Tadao Ando Architecture & Associates and Herzog & de Meuron Architekten.